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Spalding's 
Athletic Library 

Anticipating the present ten- 
dency of the American people 
toward a healthful method of living 
and enjoyment, Spalding's Athletic 
Library was established in 1892 for 
the purpose of encouraging ath- 
letics in every form, not only by 
publishing the official rules and 
records pertaining to the various 
pastimes, but also by instructing, 
until to-day Spalding's Athletic 
Library is unique in its own par- 
ticular field and has been conceded 
the greatest educational series on 
athletic and physical training sub- 
3ects that has ever been compiled. 
The publication of a distinct 
series of books devoted to athletic 
sports and pastimes and designed 
to occupy the premier place in 
America in its class was an early 
ilea of Mr. A. G. Spalding, who 
was one of the first in America 
to publish a handbook devoted to 
athletic sports, Spalding's Official 
Base Ball Guide being the initial 
number, which was followed at intervals with other handbooks on the 
sports prominent in the '70s. 

Spalding's Athletic Library has had the advice and counsel of Mr. A. G. 
Spalding in all of its undertakings, and particularly in all books devoted 
to the national game. This applies especially to Spalding's Official 
Base Ball Guide and Spalding's Official Base Ball Record, both of which 
receive the personal attention of Mr. A. G. Spalding, owing to his early 
connection with the game as the leading pitcher of the champion Boston 
and Chicago teams of 1872-76. His interest does not stop, however, with 
matters pertaining to base ball; there is not a sport that Mr. Spalding 
does not make it his business to become familiar with, and that the 
Library will always maintain its premier place, with Mr. Spalding's able 
counsel at hand, goes without saying. 

The entire series since the issue of the first number has been under 
the direct personal supervision of Mr. James E. Sullivan, President 
of the American Sports Publishing Company, and the total series of 
consecutive numbers reach an aggregate of considerably over three 
hundred, included in which are many "annuals," that really constitute 
the history of their particular sport in America year by year, back copies 
of which are even now eagerly sought for, constituting as they do th€ 
really first authentic records of events and official rules that have ever 
been consecutively compiled. 

When Spalding's Athletic Library was founded, seventeen years ago, 
track and field athletics were practically unknown outside the larger 
colleges and a few athletic clubs in the leading cities, which gave occa- 
sional meets, when an entry list of 250 competitors was a subject of com- 
ment; golf was known only by a comparatively few persons; lawn tennis 
had some vogue and base ball was practically the only established fiel4 




A. G. Spalding 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 

sport, and that in a professional way; basket ball had just been invented; 
athletics for the schoolboy — and schoolgirl— were almost unknown, and 
an advocate of class contests in athletics in the schools could not get a 
hearing. To-day we find the greatest body of athletes in the world is 
the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, which has had 
an entry list at its annual games of over two thousand, and in whose 
"elementary series" in base ball last year 106 schools competed for the 
trophy emblematic of the championship. 

While Spalding's Athletic Library cannot claim that the rapid growth 
of athletics in this country is due to it solely, the fact cannot be denied 
that the books have had a great deal to do with its encouragement, by 
printing the official rules and instructions for playing the various games 
at a nominal price, within the reach of everyone, with the sole object 
that its series might be complete and the one place where a person 
could look with absolute certainty for the particular book in which he 
might be interested. 

In selecting the editors and writers for the various books, the lead- 
ing authority in his particular line has been obtained, with the result 
that no collection of books on athletic subjects can compare with 
Spalding's Athletic Library for the prominence of the various authors 
and their ability to present their subjects in a thorough and practical 
manner. 

A short sketch of a few of those who have edited some of the lead- 
ing numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library is given herewith : 



JAMES E. SULLIVAN 

President American Sports Publishing Com- 
pany; entered the publishing house of Frank 
Leslie in 1878, and has been connected continu- 
ously with the publishing business since then 
and also as athletic editor of various New 
York papers; was a competing athlete; one of 
the organizers of the Amateur Athletic Union 
of the United States; has been actively on its 
board of governors since its organization until 
the present time, and President for two suc- 
cessive terms; has attended every champion- 
ship meeting in America since 1879 and has officiated in some capacity in 
connection with American amateur championships track and field games 
for nearly twenty-five years; assistant American director Olympic Games, 
Paris, 1900; director Pan-American Exposition athletic department, 1901 ; 
chief department physical culture Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. 
Louis, 1904; secretary American Committee Olympic Games, at Athens, 
1906; honorary director of Athletics at Jamestown Exposition, 1907; secre- 
tary American Committee Olympic Games, at London, 1908; member of 
the Pastime A, C, New York: honorary member Missouri A. C, St. Louis; 
honorary member Olympic A. C, San Francisco; ex-president Pastime 
A. C, New Jersey A. C, Knickerbocker A. C; president Metropolitan 
Association of the A. A. U. for fifteen years; president Outdoor Recrea- 
tion League; with Dr. Luther H. Gulick organized the Public Schools 
Athletic League of New York, and is now chairman of its games commit- 
tee and member executive committee; was a pioneer in playground work 
and one of the organizers of the Outdoor Recreation League of New York ; 
appointed by President Roosevelt as special commissioner to the Olympic 
Games at Athens, 1906. and decorated by King George I. of the Hellenes 
(Greece) for his services in connection with the Olympic Games; ap- 
pointed special commissioner by President Roosevelt to the Olympic 
Games at London, 1908; appointed by Mayor McClellan, 1908, as member 
o£ the Board of Education of Greater New York. 




EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 




WALTER CAMP 

For quarter of a century Mr. Walter Camp 
of Yale has occupied a leading position in col- 
lege athletics. It is immaterial what organiza- 
tion is suggested for college athletics, or for 
the betterment of conditions, insofar as college 
athletics is concerned, Mr. Camp has always 
played an important part in its conferences, 
and the great interest in and high plane of 
college sport to-day. are undoubtedly due more 
to Mr. Camp than to any other individual - Mr. 
Camp has probably written more on college 
athletics than any other writer and the leading papers and maga- 
zines of America are always anxious to secure his expert opinion on foot 
ball, track and field athletics, base ball and rowing. Mr. Camp has grown 
up with Yale athletics and is a part of Yale's remarkable athletic system. 
While he has been designated as the "Father of Foot Ball," it is a well 
known fact that during his college career Mr. Camp was regarded as one 
of the best players that ever represented Yale on the base ball field, so 
when we hear of Walter Camp as a foot ball expert we must also remem- 
ber his remarkable knowledge of the game of base ball, of which he is a 
great admirer. Mr. Camp has edited Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 
since it was first published, and also the Spalding Athletic Library book 
on How to Play Foot Ball. There is certainly no man in American college 
life better qualified to write for Spalding's Athletic Library than Mr. 
Camp. 



DR. LUTHER HALSEY GULICK 

The leading exponent of physical training 
in America; one who has worked hard to im- 
press the value of physical training in the 
schools; when physical training was combined 
with education at the St. Louis Exposition in 
1904 Dr. Gulick played an important part in 
that congress; he received several awards for 
his good work and had many honors conferred 
upon him; he is the author of a great many 
books on the subject; it was Dr. Gulick, who, 
acting on the suggestion of James E. Sullivan, 
organized the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, and 
was its first Secretary; Dr. Gulick was also for several years Director of 
Physical Training in the public schools of Greater New York, resigning 
the position to assume the Presidency of the Playground Association of 
America. Dr. Gulick is an authority on all subjects pertaining to phys- 
-ical training and the study of the child. 





JOHN B. FOSTER 

Successor to the late Henry Chadwick 
("Father of Base Ball") as editor of Spald- 
ing's Official Base Ball Guide; sporting editor 
of the New York Evening Telegram; has 
been in the newspaper business for many 
years and is recognized throughout America 
as a leading writer on the national game; a 
staunch supporter of organized base ball, 
his pen has always been used for the better- 
ment of the same. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING* S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 




TIM MURNANE 

Base Ball editor of the Boston Globe and 
President of the New England League of 
Base Ball Clubs; one of the best known base 
ball men of the country; known from coast 
to coast; is a keen follower of the game and 
prominent in all its councils; nearly half a 
century ago was one of America's foremost 
players: knows the game thoroughly and 
writes from the point of view both of player 
and an official. 




HARRY PHILIP BURCHELL 

Sporting editor of the New York Times; 
graduate of the University of Pennsylvania: 
editor of Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis 
Annual; is an authority on the game; follows 
the movements of the players minutely and 
understands not only tennis but all other sub- 
jects that can be classed as athletics; no one 
is better qualified to edit this book than Mr. 
Burchell, 



GEORGE T. HEPBRON 

Former Young Men's Christian Association 
director; for many years an official of the 
Athletic League of Young Men's Christian 
Associations of North America ; was con- 
nected with Dr. Luther H. Gulick in Younsr 
Men's Christian Association work for over 
twelve years; became identified with basket 
ball when it was in its infancy and has fol- 
lowed it since, being recognized as the lead- 
ing exponent of the official rules; succeeded 
Dr. Gulick as editor of the Official Basket Ball 

Guide and also editor of the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to 

Play Basket Ball. 





JAMES S. MITCHEL 

Former champion weight thrower; holder 
of numerous records, and is the winner of 
more championships than any other individual 
in the history of sport ; Mr. Mitchel is a close 
student of athletics and well qualified^ to write 
upon any topic connected with athletic sport 3 
has been for years on the staff of the New 
York Sun. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



MICHAEL C. MURPHY 

The world's most famous athletic trainerj 
the champion athletes that he has developed 
for track and field sports, foot ball and base ball 
fields, would run into thousands; he became 
famous when at Yale University and has 
been particularly successful in developing 
what might be termed championship teams; 
his rare good judgment has placed him in an 
enviable position in the athletic world; now 
with the University of Pennsylvania ; dur- 
ing his career has trained only at two col- 
leges and one athletic club, Yale and the 
iJniversity of Pennsylvania and Detroit Athletic Club; his most recent 
triumph was that of training the famous American team of athletes 
that swept the field at the Olympic Games of 1908 at London. 





DR. C. WARD CRAMPTON 

Succeeded Dr. Gulick as director of physical 
training in the schools of Greater New York: 
as secretary of the Public Schools Athletic 
League is at the head of the most remarkable 
organization of its kind in the world; is a 
practical athlete and gymnast himself, and 
has been for years connected with the physi- 
cal training system in the schools of Greater 
New York, having had charge of the Hijrb 
School of Commerce. 




DR. GEORGE J. FISHER 

Has been connected with Y. M. C. A. work 
for many years as physical director at Cincin- 
nati and Brooklyn, where he made such a high 
reputation as organizer that he was chosen to 
succeed Dr. Luther H. Gulick as Secretary of 
the Athletic League of Y. M. C. A.'s of North 
America, when the latter resigned to take 
charge of the physical training in the Public 
Schools of Greater New York. 



DR. GEORGE ORTON 

On athletics, college athletics, particularly 
track and field, foot ball, soccer foot ball, and 
training of the youth, it would be hard to find 
one better qualified than Dr. Orton; has had 
the necessary athletic experience and the 
ability to impart that experience intelligently 
to the youth of the land; for years was the 
American, British and Canadian champion 
runner. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRA RV 








FREDERICK R. TOOMBS 

A well known authority on skating, rowinfir. 
boxingr, racquets, and other athletic sports; 
was sporting editor of American Press Asso- 
ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- 
yer and has served several terms as a member 
of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of 
New York; has written several novels and 
historical works. 



R. L. WELCH 

A resident of Chicago; the popularity of 
indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; 
a player himself of no mean ability; a first- 
class organizer; he has followed the eame of 
indoor base ball from its inception. 



DR. HENRY S, ANDERSON 

^ Has been connected with Yale University 
for years and is a recognized authority on 
gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- 
ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- 
jects; is the author of many books on physical 
training:. 



CHARLES M. DANIELS 

Just the man to write an authoritative 
book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the 
world has ever known; member New York 
Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- 
pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 
1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion 
Daniels describes just the methods one must 
use to become an expert swimmer. 

GUSTAVE BOJUS 

Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to 
write intelligently on all subjects pertaining 
to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one 
of America's most famous amateur athletes; 
has competed successfully in gymnastics and 
many other sports for the New York Txurn 
Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- 
inent in teaching grymnastics and athletics; 
was responsible for the famous gymnastic 
championship teams of Columbia University; 
now with the Jersey City high ochoola. 



EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 








CHARLES JACOBUS 

Admitted to be the "Father of Roque;" 
one of America's most expert players, win- 
ning: the Olympic Championship at St. Louia 
in 1904; an ardent supporter of the game 
and follows it minutely, and much of the 
success of roque is due to his untiring' efforts; 
certainly there is no one better qualified to 
write on this subject than Mr. Jacobus. 



DR. E. B. WARMAN 

Well known as a physical training expert; 
was probably one of the first to enter the f?eld 
and is the author of many books on the sub- 
ject; lectures extensively each year all over 
the country. 



W. J. CROMIE 

Now with the University of Pennsylvania; 
was formerly a Y. M. C. A. physical director: 
a keen student of all gymnastic matters; the 
author of many books on subjects pertaining 
to physical training. 



G. M. MARTIN 

By profession a physical director of the 
Young Men's Christian Association; a close 
student of all things gymnastic, and games 
for the classes in the srymnasium or clubs. 



PROF. SENAC 

A leader in the fencing world; has main« 
tained a fencing school in New York for 
years and developed a great many cham- 
pions; understands the science of fencing 
thoroughly and the benefits X» be derived 
therefrom. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



D 



Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now 
J in print, grouped lor ready reference ( ^ 

SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS 

No. I Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide 

No. lA Spalding's OfTicial Base Ball Record 

No. IC Spalding's OfTicial Collegiate Base Ball Annual 

No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 

No. 2A Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ba!i Guide 

No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide 

No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual 

No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide 

No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guii v 

No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide 

No. 7A Spalding's Official Women's Basket Ball Guide 

No. 8 Spalding's Official Lacrosse Guide 

No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide 

No. lO Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide 

No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac 
Spalding's OfTicial Athletic Rules 



No. I2A 

Group I. Base Ball 

No.l Spalding' sOfficial BaseBall Guide 
No. lA Official Base Ball Record. 

Collegiate Base Ball Annual. 

How to Play Base Ball. 

How to Bat. 

How to Run Bases. 

How to Pitch. 

How to Catch, 

How to Play First Base. 

How to Play Second Base, 

How to Play Third Base. 

How to Play Shortstop. 

How to Play the Outfield. 

How to Organize a Base Bal 1 

League. [Club. 

How to Organize a Base Bal 1 
How to Manage a Base Ball 

Club. 
How toTrain aBaseBallTeam 
How to Captain a Base Bal 1 
HowtoUmpireaGame. [Team 
Technical Base Ball Terms. 
Ready Reckoner of Base Ball 

Percentages. 
BASE BALL AUXILIARIES 
No. 348 Minor League Base Ball Guide 
No, 338 Official Book National League 

of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. 
No. 340 Official Handbook National 

Playground Ball Assn. 

Gronp II. ; Foot Bail 

No.2 SpaJ ding' sOfficial Foot Ball Guide 
No. 344 ADigest of the Foot Ball Rules 

How to Play Foot Ball. 

Spalding's Official Soccer Foot 
Ball Guide. 

How to Play Soccer. 

How to Play Rugby. 



No. IG 
No. 202 
No. 223 
No, 232 
No. 230 
No. 229 
No. 225 
No. 226 
No. 227 
No. 228 
No. 224 



No. 
231. 



No. 219 



No. 324 
No. 2a 



No. 286 
No, 335 



FOOT BALL AUXILIARY 
No. 343 Official Rugby Foot Ball Guide, 
No. 332 Spalding's Official Canadian 

Group 111. ^^^ ^^" ^"^^^ cricKct 

No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide. 
No. 277 Cricket and How to Play It. 

Group IV. Lawn Tennis 

No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- 
nis Annual. 
No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. 
No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn 

GPOB^V. ''"""" (Olt 

No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide 
No. 276 How to Play Golf . 

Group VI. Hockeg 

No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey 

Guide. 
No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey, 
No. 154 Field Hockey. 

(Lawn Hockey. 
No. 188 < Parlor Hockey. 

(Garden Hockey. 
No. 180 Ring Hockey, 

HOCKEY AUXILIARY 
No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario 

Group VII. ''"'^'^''''" Basket Ball 

No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket 

Ball Guide. 
No. 7a Spalding's Official Women's 

Basket Ball Guide. 
No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. 
BASKET BALL AUXILIARY 
No. 323 Official Collegiate Basket Ball 

Handbook. 



ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS HAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



Lacrosse 

Official Lacrosse 



Groap VIII. 

No. 8 Spalding 
Guide. 
No. 201 How to Play Lacrosse. 

Group IX. Indoor Base Ball 

No. £ Spalding's Official Indoor Base 
Ball Guide. 

Group \. Polo 

No. 10 Spa'ding's Official Roller Polo 

Guide. 
No. 129 Water Polo. 
No. 199 Equestrian Polo. 

Group XI. Miscellaneous Games 



No. 248 


Archery. 


No. 138 


Croquet. 


No. 271 


Roque. 




(Racquets. 


No. 194 


< Squash-Racquets. 




(Court Tennis. 


No. 13 


Hand Ball, 


No. 167 


Quoits. 


No. 170 


Push Ball. 


No. 14 


Curling. 


No. 207 


Lawn Bowls. 


No. 188 


Lawn Games. 


No. 189 


Children's Games. 


No. 341 


How to Bowl. 



Group XII. AihieMcs 

No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic 
Almanac. 

No. 12a Spalding's Official Athletic 
Rules- 

No. 27 College Athletics. 

No. 182 All Around Athletics. 

No. 156 Athletes' Guide. 

No. 87 Athletic Primer. 

No. 273 Olympic Game sat Athens. 1906 

No. 252 How to Sprint. 

No. 255 How to Run 100 Yards. 

No. 174 Distance and Cross Country 
Running. [Thrower. 

No. 259 How to Become a Weight 

No. 55 Official Sporting Rules, [boys. 

No. 246 Athletic Training for School- 
No. 317 Marathon Running. 

No. 331 Schoolyard Athletics 

No. 342 Walking for Health and Com- 
petition. 

ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES 

No. 349 Intercollegiate Official Hand- 
book. 

No. 302 Y.M.C. A. Official Handbook. 

No. 313 Public Schools Athltiic 
League Official Handbook. 

No. 314 Girls' Athletics. 

No. 308 Official Handbook New York 
'^ Inters cholastic Athletic 

Association. 



Group XIII. 



Athletic 
Accomplishments 

No. 177 How to Swim. 

No. 296 Speed Swimming. 

No. 128 How to Row. 

No. 209 How to Become a Skater. 

No. 178 How to Train for Bicyclinfir. 

No. 23 Canoeing. 

No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. 

Group XIV. Manly Sports 

No. 18 Fencing. ( By Breck.) 

No. 162 Boxing. 

No. 165 Fencing. ( By Senac.) 

No. 140 Wrestling. 

No. 236 How to Wrestle. 

No. 102 Ground Tumbling. 

No. 233 Jiu Jitsu. 

No. 166 How to Swing Indian Clubs. 

No. 200 Dumb Bell Exercises. 

No. 143 Indian Clubs and Dumb Bells. 

No. 262 Medicine Ball Exercises. 

No. 29 Pulley Weight Exercises, 

No. 191 How to Punch the Bag. 

No. 289 Tumbling for Amateurs. 

No. 326 Professional Wrestling. 

Group XV. Gymnastics 

No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- 
cises. [Dumb Bell Drills. 

No. 214 Graded Cali sthenics and 

No. 254 Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. 

No. 158 Indoor and Outdoor Gym- 
nastic Games. 

No. 124 How to Become a Gymnast. 

No. 287 Fancy Dumb Bell and March- 
ing Drills. [Apparatus. 

No. 327 Pyramid Building Without 

No. 328 Exercises on the Parallel Bars. 

No. 329 Pyramid Building with 
Wands, Chairs and Ladders 
GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY 

No. 345 Official Handbook I. C. A. A. 
Gymnasts of America. 

Group XVI. Physical culture 

No. 161 Ten Minutes' Exercise for 

Busy Men. [giene. 

No. 208 Physical Education and Hy- 

No. 149 Scientific Physical Training 

and Care of the Body. 
No. 142 Physical Training Simplified. 
No. 185 Hints on Health. 
No. 213 285 Health Answers. 
No. 238 Muscle Building. [ning. 

No. 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- 
No. 261 Tensing Exercises, [nasties. 
No. 285 Health by Muscular Gym- 
No. 288 Indigestion Treated by Gym- 
No. 290 Get Well: Keep Well, [nasties. 
No. 325 Twenty-Minute Exercises. 
No. 330 Physical Training for the 

School and Class Room. 
No. 346 How to Live 100 Years. 



ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT Or 10 CENTS 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



Group I. 



Base Ball 

Official 




No. 1— Spaldingr's 
Base Ball Guide 

The leading Base Ball 
annual of the country, and 
the official authority of 
the game. Contains the 
official playing rules, with 
an explanatory index of the 
rules compiled by Mr. A. G. 
Spalding; pictures of all 
the teams in the National. 
American and minor leagues ; re- 
views of the season; college Base Ball, 
and a great deal of interesting in- 
formation. Price 10 cents. 
No. lA — Spaldingr's Official 
Base Ball Record. 
Something new in Base Ball. Con- 
tains records of all kinds from the be- 
ginning of the National League and 
•fficial averages of all professional or- 
ganizations for past season. Illustrated 
with pictures of leading teams and 
players. Price 10 cents. 
No. IC— Spalding's Official 
Collegiate Base Ball An- 
nual. 
Contains matters of interest exclu- 
sively for the college player ; pictures 
and records of all the leading colleges, 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 202— How to Play Base 
Ball. 

Edited by Tim Murnane. New and 
revised edition. Illustrated with pic- 
tures showing how all the various 
curves and drops are thrown and por- 
traits of leading players. Price 10 cents. 
No. 223— How to Bat. 

There is no better way of becoming 
a proficient batter than by reading this 
book and practising the directions. 
Numerous illustrations. Price 10 cents. 
No. 232— How to Run tbe 
Bases. 
This book gives clear and concise 
directions for excelling as a base run- 
ner; tells when to run and when not to 
do so; how and when to slide; team 
work on the bases; in fact, every point 
of the game is thoroughly explained. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 
No. 230— How to Pitcli. 

A new. up-to-date book. Its contents 
are the practical teaching of men who 
have reached the top as pitchers, and 
who know how to impart a knowledge 
of their art. All the big leagues' 
pitchers are shown. Price 10 cents. ' 



No. 229— How to Catch. 

Every boy who has hopes of being a 
clever catcher should read how well- 
known players cover their position. 
Pictures of all the noted catchers in 
the big leagues. Price 10 cents. 

So. 325— How to Play First 
Base. 

Illustrated with pictures of all the 
prominent first basemen. Price 10 cents. 

No. 226— How to Play Second 
Base. 

The ideas of the best second basemen 
have been incorporated in this book for 
the especial benefit of boys who want 
to know the fine points of play at this 
point of the diamond. Price 10 cents. 

No. 227— How to Play TWrd 
Base. 

Third base is, in some respects, the 
most important of the infield. All the 
points explained. Price 10 cents. 

No. 228— How to Play Short- 
stop. 

Shortstop is one of the hardest posi- 
tions on the infield to fill, and quick 
thought and quick action are necessary 
for a player who expects to make good 
as a shortstop. Illus. Price 10 cents. 

No. 224— How to Play the 
Outfield. 

An invaluable guide for the out- 
fielder. Price 10 cents. 

No. 231— How to Coach; How 
to Captain a Team; How 
to Managre a Team; How^ 
to Umpire; How to Or- 
ganize a League; Tech- 
nical Terms of Base Ball. 
A useful guide. Price 10 cents. 

No 219— Ready Reckoner of 
Base Ball Percentages. 

To supply a demand for a book which 
would show the percentage of clubs 
without recourse to thearduous work of 
figuring, the publishers had these tables 
compiled by an expert. Price 10 cents. 



BASE BALL. AUXILIARIES. 

No. 348— Minor League Base 
Ball Guide. 

The minors' own guide. Edited by 
President T. H. Murnane, of the New 
England League. Price 10 cents. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



No. »»8— Official Handbook 
of the National Leagrne 
of Professional Base Ball 
Clubs. 

Contains the Constitution, By-Laws, 
Official Rules. Averages, and schedule 
of the National Leagrue for the current 
year, together with list of club officers 
and reports of the annual meetings of 
the League. Price 10 cents. 

No. 340— Official Handbook 
National Playground Ball 
Association. 

This game is specially adapted for 
playgrounds, parks, etc., is spreading 
rapidly. The book contains a descrip- 
tion of the game, rules and list of 
officers. Price 10 cents. 



Group n. Foot Ball 

No. 2— Spaldingr's Official 
Foot Ball Guide. 

Edited by Walter Camp. 

I Contains the new rules, 
with diagram of field; All- 
America teams as selected 
by the leading authorities; 
reviews of the game from 
various sections of the 
country; scores; pictures. 

I Price 10 cents. 

No. 344— A Digest of the Foot 
Ball Rules. 

This book is meant for the use of 
officials, to help them to refresh their 
memories before a game and to afford 
them a quick means of ascertaining a 
point during a game. It also gives a 
ready means of finding a rule in the 
Official Rule Book, and is of great help 
to a player in studying the Rules. 
Compiled by C.W. Short, Harvard. 1908. 
Price 10 cents* 

No. 324— Ho^ to Play Foot 
Ball. 

Edited by Walter Camp, of Yale. 
Everything that a beginner wants to 
know and many points that an expert 
will be glad to learn. Snapshots of 
leading teams and players in action, 
with comments by Waltev Camp. 
Price 10 cents. 




■ 



No. 2A— Spalding's Official 
Association Soccer Foot 
Ball Guide. 

A complete and up-to«| 
date guide to the "Soccer'" 
game in the United States, I 
containing instructions for 
playing the game, official 
rules, and interesting 
news from all parts of the 
country. Illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 286— How to Play Soc- 
cer. 

How each position should be played, 
written by the best player in England 
in his respective position, and illus- 
trated with full-page photographs of 
players in action. Price 10 cents. 

No. 335— How to Play Rugby. 

Compiled in England by " Old Inter- 
national." Contains directions for 
playing the various positions, with dia- 
grams and illustrations. Price 10 cents. 

FOOT BALL. AUXILIARIES. 
No. 332— Spalding's Official 
Canadian Foot Ball 

Guide. 

The official book of the game in Can- 
ada. Price 10 cents. 
No. 343— Official Rugby Foot 
Ball Guide. 

The official handbook of the Rugby 
game, containing the official playing 
rules, referee's decisions, articles on 
the game in the United States and pic- 
tures of leading teams. Price 10 cents. 

Group III. Cricket 

No. 3— Spalding's Official 
Cricket Guide. 

The most complete year 
book of the game that has 
ever been published in 
America. Reports of 
special matches, official 
rules and pictures of all 
the leading teams. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 277— Cricket; and How 
to Play it. 

By Prince Ranjitsinhji. The game 
described concisely and illustrated with 
full-page pictures posed especially fof 
this book. Price 10 cents. 




SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRART 



Group IV. 



Lawn 
Tennis 




No. 4— Spalding's Official 
IjaTrn. Tennis Annual. 

Contents include reports 
of all important tourna- 
ments; official ranking 
from 1885 to date; laws of 
lawn tennis; instructions 
for handicapping; deci- 
sions on doubtful points; 
management of tourna- 
ments; directory of clubs; 
laying out and keeping a court. Illus- 
trated. Price 15 cents. 

No. 157— How to Play L.awn 
Tennis. 

A complete description of lawn ten- 
nis; a lesson for beginners and direc- 
tions telling how to make the most im- 
portant strokes. Illustrated, Price 
10 cents. 

No. 279— Strokes and Science 
of Lawn Tennis. 

By P. A. Vaile, a leading authority 
on the game in Great Britain. Every 
stroke in the game is accurately illus- 
trated and analyzed by the author. 
Price 10 cents. 




Golf 



Official 



Group V. 

No. 5— Spalding^'s 
Golf Gnide. 

Contains records of all 
Important tournaments, 
articles on the game in 
various sections of the 
country, pictures of prom- 
inent players, official play- 
ing rules and general 
items of interest. Price 
10 cents. 



No. 276— How to Play Golf. 

By James Braid and Harry Vardon, 
the world's two greatest players tell 
how they play the game, with numer- 
ous full-page pictures of them taken 
on the links. Price 10 cents. 




Group VI. Hockey 

No. 6— Spalding's Official Ic« 
Hockey Guide. 

The official year book oi 
the game. Contains the 
official rules, pictures of 
leading teams and players, 
records, review of the 
season, reports from dif" 
ferent sections of the 
United States and Canada. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 304— How to Play Ice 
Hockey. 

Contains a description of the duties 
of each player. Illustrated. Price 10 
cents. 

\o. 154— Field Hockey. 

Prominent in the sports at Vassar, 
Smith, Wellesley, Bryn Mawr and other 
leading colleges. Price 10 cents. 

\o. 188 — Lawn Hockey. 
Parlor Hockey, Garden 
Hockey. 

Containing the rules for each game. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 180— RinsT Hockey. 

A new game for the gymnasium. 
Exciting as basket ball. Price 10 cents. 

HOCKEY AUXILIARY. 

No. 256— Official Handbook 
of the Ontario Hockey 
Association. 

Contains the official rules of the 
Association, constitution, rules of com- 
petition, list of officers, and pictures of 
leading players. Price 10 cents. 



Group VII. 



Basket 
Ball 



No. 7— Spaldingr's Official 
Basket Ball Gnide. 

Edited by George T. 
Hepbron. Contains the 
revised official rules, de- 
cisions on disputed points, 
records of prominent 
teams, reports on the game 
from various parts of the 
country. Illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 




SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



No. 7A— Spalding's Official 
Women's Basket Bali 
Gnide. 

Edited by Miss Senda Berenson. of 
Smith College. Contains the official 
playing rules and special articles on 
the game by prominent authorities. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 193— How to Play Basket 
Ball. 

By G. N. Messer. The best book of 
'nstruction on the g'ame yet published. 
Illustrated with numerous pictures 
and diagrams of plays. Price 10 cents. 

BASKET BALL AUXILIARY. 
Vo. 323— Collegiate Basket 
Ball Hand^ook. 

The official publication of the Colle- 
giate Basket Ball Association. Con- 
tains the official rules, records, All- 
America selections, reviews, and pic- 
tures. Edited by H. A. Fisher, of 
Columbia. Price 10 cents. 

Group VIIL Lacrosse 

No. 8— Spalding's Official La- 
crosse Guide. 

Contains the constitution, by-laws, 
playing rules, list of officers and records 
of the U. S. Inter-Collegiate Lacrosse 
League. Price 10 cents. 

No. 201— How to Play La- 
crosse. 

Every position is thoroughly ex- 
plained in a most simple and concise 
manner, rendering it the best manual 
of the game ever published. Illus- 
trated with numerous snapshots of im- 
portant plays. Price 10 cents. 



Polo 




Group IX. 



Indoor 
Base Ball 



No. 9— Spalding's Official In- 
door Base Ball Guide. 

America's national game 
is now vieing with other 
i ndoor games as a winter 
pastime. This book con- 
tains the playing rules, 
pictures of leading teams, 
and interesting articles on , 
the game by leading au- 
thorities on the subject. 
Price 10 cento. 




Group X. 

No. 10— Spalding's 
Official Roller 
Polo Guide. 

Edited by A. W. Keane. 
A full description of the 
game; official rules, re- 
cords; pictures of promi- 
nent players. Price 10 cents 



No. 129— Water Polo. 

. The contents of this book treat of 
I every detail, the individual work of the 
players, the practice of the team, how 
to throw the ball, with illustrations and 
many valuable hints. Price 10 cents. 



No. 199— Equestrian Polo. 

Compiled by H. L. Fitzpatrick of the 
New York Sun. Illustrated with por- 
traits of leading players, and contains 
most useful information for polo play- 
ers. Price 10 cents. 



_ ^, MJscellane- 
GroupXI, ous Games 

No. 271— Spalding's Official 
Ro«iue Guide. 

The official publication of the Na- 
tional Roque Association of America. 
Contains a description of the courts 
and their construction, diagrams, illus- 
trations, rules and valuable informa- 
tion. Price 10 cents. 

No. 13S— Spalding's Official 
Croquet Guide 

Contains directions for playing, dia- 
grams of important strokes, description 
of grounds, instructions for the begin- 
ner, terms used in the game, and the 
official playing rules. Price 10 cents. 

No. 341— How to Bowl. 

The contents include : diagrams of 
effective deliveries ; hints to begin- 
ners ; how to score ; official rules ; 
spares, how they are made ; rules for 
cocked hat, quintet, cocked hat and 
feather, battle same, etc Price 
10 cents. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



No. 248— ArcHery. 

A new and up-to-date book on this 
fascinating pastime. The several 
varieties of archery; instructions for 
shooting; how to select implements; 
how to score; and a great deal of inter- 
esting information. Illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 194 — Racquets, Sqaash- 
Racquets and Court Ten- 
nis. 

How to play each game is thoroughly 
explained, and all the difficult strokes 
shown by special photographs taken 
especially for this book. Contains the 
official rules for each game. Price 10 
cents. 

No. 167— ^noits. 

Contains a description of the plays 
used by experts and the official rules. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 170— Push Ball. 

This book contains the official rules 
and a sketch of the game; illustrated. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 13— How to Play Hand 
Ball. 

By the world's champion, Michael 
Egan. Every play is thoroughly ex- 
plained by text and diagram. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 



No. 14— Curling. 

A short history of this famous Scot- 
tish pastime, with instructions for 
play, rules of the game, definitions of 
terms and diagrams of different shots. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 207— Bowlingr on the 
Green; or, LaTrn Boti'Is. 

How to construct a green; how to 
play the game, and the official rules 
of the Scottish Bowling Association. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 189— Children's Games. 

These games are intended for use at 
recesses, and all but the team games 
have been adapted to large classes. 
Suitable for children from three to 
eight years, and include a great variety. 
Price 10 cents. 




No. 188 — LaTrn Games. 

Lawn Hockey, Garden Hockey, Hand 
Tennis, Tether Tennis; also Volley 
Ball, Parlor Hockey, Badminton, Bas- 
ket Goal. Price 10 cents. 

Group xn. Athletics 

No. 12— Spaldins's Official 
Atliletic Almanac. 

Compiled by J. E. Sulli- 
van, President of the Ama- 
teur Athletic Union. The 
only annual publication 
now issued that contains 
a complete list of amateur 
best-on-records; intercol- 
legiate, swimming, inter- 
scholastic, English, Irish, Scotch, 
Swedish, Continental, South African, 
Australasian; numerous photos of in- 
dividual athletes and leading athletic 
teams. Price 10 cents. 

No. 12A— Spalding's Official 
Athletic Rules. 

The A. A. U. is the governing body 
of athletes in the United States of 
America, and all games must be held 
under its rules, which are exclusively 
published in this handbook, and a copy 
should be in the hands of every athlete 
and every club officer in America. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 27— College Athletics. 

M. C. Murphy, the well-known ath- 
letic trainer, now with Pennsylvania, 
the author of this book, has written it 
especially for the schoolboy and college 
man, but it is invaluable for the athlete 
who wishes to excel in any branch of 
athletic sport; profusely illustrated. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 182— Ail-Around Ath- 
letics. 

Gives in full the method of scoring 
the Ail-Around Championship; how to 
train for the AU-Around Champion- 
ship. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

\o. 15«— Athlete's Guide. ^ 

Full instructions for the beginner, 
telling how to sprint, hurdle, jump and 
throw weights, general hints on train- 
ing; valuable advice to beginners and 
important A. A. U. rules and their ex- 
planations, while the pictures comprise 
many scenes of champions in action. 
Price 10 cents. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



No. 273— The Olympic Games' 
at Athens. 

A complete account of the Olympic 
Games of 1906, at Athens, the greatest 
International Athletic Contest ever 
held. Compiled by J. E. Sullivan, 
Special United States Commissioner to 
the Olympic Games. Price 10 cents. 
No. S7— Athletic Primer. 

Edited by J. E. Sullivan, Secretary- 
Treasurer of the Amateur Athletic 
Union. Tells how to organize an ath- 
letic club, how to conduct an athletic 
meeting, and gives rules for the gov- 
ernment of athletic meetings; contents 
also include directions for laying out 
athletic grounds, and a very instructive 
article on training. Price 10 cents. 

No. 255— How to Run lOO 
Yards. 

By J. W. Morton, the noted British 
champion. Many of Mr. Morton's 
methods of training are novel to 
American athletes, but his success is 
the best tribute to their worth. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 174 — Distance and CrosiS- 
Coiiiitry Running-. 

By George Orton, the famous Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania runner. The 
quarter, half, mile, the longer dis- 
tances, and cross-country running and 
steeplechasing, with instructions for 
training; pictures of leading athletes 
in action, with comments by the editors 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 259— Weight Throwing. 

Probably no other man in the world 
has had the varied and long experience 
of James S. Mitchel, the author, in the 
weight throwing department of ath- 
letics. The book gives valuable infor- 
mation not only for the novice, but for 
the expert as well. Price 10 cents. 

No. 246— Athletic Training 
for Schoolhoys. 

By Geo. W. Orton. Each event in the 
intercollegiate programme is treated 
of separately. Price 10 cents. 

No. 55— Official Sporting 
Rules. 

Contains rules not found in other 
publications for the government of 
many sports; rules for wrestling, 
shuffleboard, snowshoeing, profes- 
sional racing, pigeon shooting, dog 
racing, pistol and revolver shooting, 
British water polo rules, Rugby foot 
ball rules. Price 10 cents. 



rVo. 252— How to Sprint. 

Every athlete who aspires to be a 
sprinter can study this book to advan- 
tage. Price 10 cents. 

No. .331— Schoolyard Ath- 
letics. 

By J. E.Sullivan, Secretary-Treasurer 
Amateur Athletic Union and member 
of Board of Education of Greater New 
York. An invaluable handbook for 
the teacher and the pupil. Gives a 
systematic plan for conducting school 
athletic contests and instructs how to 
prepare for the various events. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 317 — 3Iarathon Running. 

A new and up-to-date book on this 
popular pastime. Contains pictures 
of the leading Marathon runners, 
methods of training, and best times 
made in various Marathon events. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 342— W alking; for 
Health and Competition. 

Contains a great deal of useful and 
interesting information for the pedes- 
trian, giving the best methods of walk- 
ing for recreation or competition, by 
leading authorities. A history of the 
famous Fresh Air Club of New York is 
also included, with specimen tours, 
rules for competitive walking, records 
and numerous illustrations. Price 10 
cents. 

ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES. 

No. 349— Official Intercolle- 
giate A.A.A.A. Handbook. 

Contains constitution, by-laws, and 
laws of athletics; records from 1876 to 
date. Price 10 cents. 

No. 30S— Official Handbook 
Ne^v York Interschol- 
astic Athletic Associa- 
tion. 

Contains the Association's records, 
constitution and by-laws and other 
information. Price 10 cents. 

No. 302— Official Y.M.C.A. 
Handbook. 

Contains the official rules governing 
all sports under the jurisdiction of the 
Y. M. C. A., official Y. M. C. A. scoring 
tables, pentathlon rules, pictures of 
leading Y. M. C. A. athletes. Price 
10 cents. 



SP AliDING ATHLETIC • LIBRARY 



No. 313— Official Handbook 
of the Public Schools 
Athletic League. 

Contains complete list of records, 
constitution and general review of the 
season in the Public Schools Athletic 
League of Greater New York. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 314— "Girls' Athletics." 
Official Handbook of . the 
Girls' Branch of the 
Public Schools Athletic 
Leag^ue. 
The official publication. Contains': 
constitution and by-laws, list of offi- 
cers, donors, founders, life and annual 
members, reports and illustrations, 
schoolroom games. Edited by Miss 
Jessie H. Bancroft. Price 10 cents. 

Group XIII. Athletic 
Accomplishments 

No. 177— How to Swim, 

Will interest the expert as well as 
the novice; the illustrations were made 
from photographs especially posed, 
showing the swimmer in clear water 
a valuable feature is the series of 
"land drill " exercises for the beginner 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 296— Speed Swimmlngr. 

By Champion C. M. Daniels of the 
New York Athletic Club team, holder 
of numerous American records, and the 
best swimmer in America qualified to 
write on the subject. Any boy should 
be able to increase his speed in the 
water after reading Champion Daniels' 
instructions on the subject. Price 10 
cents. 

No. 128— How to Row. 

By E. J. Giannini, of the New York 
Athletic Club, one of America's most 
famous amateur oarsmen and cham- 
pions. Shows how to hold the oars, 
the finish of the stroke and other valu- 
able information. Price 10 cents. 

No. 23— Canoeingr. 

Paddling, sailing, cruising and rac- 
ing canoes and their uses; with hints 
on rig and management; the choice of 
a canoe; sailing canoes, racing regula 
tions; canoeing and camping. Fully 
illustrated. Price 10 cents. 



No. 209— How to Become a 
Skater. 

Contains advice for beginners; how 
to become a figure skatei;, showing how 
to do all the different tricks of the best 
figure skaters. Pictures of prominent 
skaters and numerous diagrams. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 282— Official Roller Skat- 
ing; Guide. 

Directions for becoming a fancy and 
trick roller skater, and rules for roller 
skating. Pictures of prominent trick 
skaters in action. Price 10 cents. 

No. 178— How to Train for 
Bicyclingr. 

Gives methods of the best riders 
when training for long or short distance 
races; hints on training. Revised and 
up-to-date in every particular. Price 
10 cents. 



Group XIV. Sports 

No. 140— Wrestling. 

Catch-as-catch-can style. Seventy 
illustrations of the different holds, pho- 
tographed especially and so described 
that anybody can with little effort learn 
every one. Price 10 cents. 

No. 18 — Fencing:. 

By Dr. Edward Breck, of Boston, 
editor of The Swordsman, a promi- 
nent amateur fencer. A book that nas 
stood the test of time, and is universally 
acknowledged to be a stamard work. 
Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 162— Boxing Guide. 

Contains over 70 pages of illustrations 
showing all the latest blows, posed 
especially for this book under the super- 
vision of a well-known instructor of 
boxing, who makes a specialty of teach- 
inc and knows how to impart his 
knowledge. Price 10 cents, » 

No. 163— The Art of Fencing 

By Regis and Louis Senac, of New 
York, famous instructors and leading 
authorities on the subject. Gives in 
detail how every move should be made. 
Price 10 cents. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



No. 236— How to Wrestle. 

The most complete and up-to-date 
book on wrestling ever published. 
Edited by F, R. Toombs, and devoted 
principally to special poses and illustra- 
tions by Georgre Hackenschmidt, the 
"Russian Lion." Price 10 cents. 



<^ 



No. 102— Ground Tumblinsr. 

Any boy, by reading this book and 
following the instructions, can become 
proficient. Price 10 cents. 



Ifo. Z8U— Tnmblins: for Ama- 
teura. 

Specially compiled for amateurs by 
Dr.JamesT. Gwathmey. Every variety 
of the pastime explained by text and 
pictures, over 100 different positions 
being shown. Price 10 cents. 



Ho. 191— HoiT to Puncli tlie 
BafiT. 

The best treatise on bag punching 
that has ever been printed. Every va- 
riety of blow used in training is shown 
and explained, with a chapter on fancy 
bag punching by a well-known theatri- 
cal ba^ puncher. Price 10 cents. 



No. 200— Damb-Bells. 

The best work on dumb-bells that 
has ever been offered. By Prof. G. 
Bojus, of New York. Contains 200 
photographs. Should be in the hands 
of every teacher and pupil of physical 
culture, and is invaluable for home 
•zercise. Price 10 cents. 



No. 143— Indian Clubs and 
Dumb-Bells. 

By America's amateur champion club 
■winger, J. H. Dougherty. It is clearly 
illustrated, by which any novice can 
become an expert. Price 10 cents. . 



No. 262— Medicine Ball Kx- 
ereiaes. 

A series of plain and practical exer- 
cises with the medicine ball, suitable 
for boys and girls, business and prof es- 
■ional men, in and out of gymnasium. 
?ric« 10 centa. 



No. 29— Pulley Weigbt Kxer- 
clses. 

By Dr. Henry S. Anderson, instructor 
in heavy gymnastics Yale gymnasium. 
In conjunction with a chest machine 
anyone with this book can become 
perfectly developed. Price 10 cents. 



No. 233— Jiu Jitsu. 

Each move thoroughly explained and 
illustrated with numerous full-page 
pictures of Messrs. A. Minarhi and K. 
Koyama, two of the most famous ex- 
ponents of the art of Jiu Jitsu, who 
posed especially for this book. Price 
10 cents. 



No. 166— How to Swing: In- 
dian Clubs. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman. By follow- 
ing the directions carefully anyone can 
become an expert. Price 10 cents. 



No. 326— Professional Wrest- 
ling. 

A book devoted to the catch-as-catcn* 
can style; illustrated with half-tone 
pictures showing the different holda 
used by Frank Gotch, champion catch- 
as-catch-can wrestler of the world. 
Posed by Dr. Roller and Charles Postl. 
By Ed. W. Smith, Sporting Editor of 
the Chicago American. Price 10 cents. 



Group XV. Gymnastics 



No. 104— The Grading- of 
Gymnastic Bxercises. 

By G. M. Martin. A book that should 
be in the hands of every physical direc- 
tor of the Y. M. C. A., school, club, col- 
lege, etc. Price 10 cents. 

No. 214— Graded Calistben- 
ica and Oumb-Bell Drills. 

For years it has been the custom in 
most gymnasiums of memorizing a set 
drill, which was never varied. Conse- 
quently the beginner was given the 
same kind and amount as the older 
member. With a view to giving uni- 
formity the present treatiie is at- 
tempted. Price 10 centa. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



No. 254~Barnjam Bar Bell 
Drill. 

Edited by Dr. R. Tait McKenzie, 
Director Physical Training, University 
of Pennsylvania. Prof usely illustrated. 
Price 10 cents. ^ 

No. 158 — Indoor and Outdoor 
Gymnastic Gamea. 

A book that will prove valuable to in- 
door and outdoor gymnasiums, schools, 
outings and gatherings where there 
are a number to be amused. Price 10 
cents. 

No. 124— HoTV to Become a 
Gymnast. 

By Robert Stoll, of the New York 
A. C., the American champion on the 
flying rings from 1885 to 1892. Any boy 
can easily become proficient with a 
little practice. Price 10 cents. 

No. 287— Fancy Dumb Bell 
and Marching; Drills. 

All concede that games and recreative 
exercises during the adolescent period 
are preferable to set drills and monoton- 
ous movements. These drills, while de- 
signed primarily for boys, can be used 
successfully with girls and men and 
women. Profusely illustrated. Price 
10 cents. >\ 

No. »27— Pyramid Building: 
Without Apparatus. 

By W. J. Cromie, Instructor of 
Gymnastics, University of Pennsyl- 
vania. With illustrations showing 
many different combinations. This 
book should be in the hands of all gym- 
nasium instructors. Price 10 Cents. 

No. 32S — Kixercises on the 
Parallel Bars. 

By W. J. Cromie. Every gymnast 
should procure a copy of this book. 
Illustrated with cuts showing many 
novel exercises. Price 10 cents. 

No. »2»— Pyramid Building 
■vrith Chairs, IVands and 
^Ladders. 

By W. J. Cromie. Illustrated with 
half-tone photopraphs showing many 
interestins combinations. Price 10 
cents. 



GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY. 
No. 345— Official Handbook 
Inter-Collegriate Associa- 
tion Amateur Gymnasts 
of America. 
Edited by P. R. Carpenter, Physical 
Instructor Amherst College. Contains 
pictures of leading teams and individual 
champions, official rules governing con- 
tests, records. Price 10 cents. 

_ ^,„ Physical 
Group XVI. Culture 

No. 161— Ten Minutes' Exeri 
cise for Busy Men. 

By Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick. Direc- 
tor of Physical Training in the New 
York Public Schools. A concise and 
complete course of physical education. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 208— Physical E^ducation 
an<l Hygriene. 

This is the fifth of the Physical 
Training series, by Prof. E. B. Warman 
(see Nos. 142, 149, 166, 185, 213, 261, 290.) 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 149— The Care of the Body. 

A book that all who value health 
should read and follow its instructions. 
By Prof. E. B. Warman, the well-known 
lecturer and authority on physical •ul- 
ture. Price 10 cents. 

No. 142— Physical Training 
Simpliiied. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman. A complete, 
thorough and practical book where the 
whole man is considered — brain and 
body. Price 10 cents. 

No. 261— Tensing Bxercises. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman. The "Ten- 
sing" or "Resisting" system of mus- 
cular exercises is the most thorough, 
the most complete, the most satisfac- 
tory, and the most fascinating of sys- 
tems. Price 10 cents. 

No. .346— How to Live lOO 
Years. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman. Helpful 
and healthful suggestions for attain- 
ing a vigorous and happy "old age," 
with numerous instances of longevity 
and the methods and habits pursued 
by those who lived beyond the allotted 
span of life. Written in Prof. War- 
man's best style. Price 10 cents. 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



No. 185— Healtb Hints. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman. Health in- 
fluenced by insulation; health influ- 
enced by underwear; health influenced 
by color; exercise. Price 10 cents. 

No. 213—285 Health Answers. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman. Contents: 
ventilating a bedroom; ventilating a 
house; how to obtain pure air; bathing; 
salt water baths at home; a substitute 
for ice water; to cure insomnia, etc.. 
e tc. Price 10 cents. 

No. 238— Muscle Building. 

By Dr. L. H. Gulick. A complete 
treatise on the correct method of 
acquiring strength. Illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 234— School Tactics and 
Maze Running-. 

A series of drills for the use of schools. 
Edited by Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 325— Twenty Minute Ex- 
ercises. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman, with chap- 
ters on " How to Avoid Growing Old," 
and " Fasting ; Its Objects and Bene- 
fits.'' Price 10 cents. 



No. 285— Health; by Musen- 
lar Gymnastics. 

With hints on right living. By W. J. 
Cromie. If one will practice the exer- 
cises and observe the hints therein 
contained, he will be amply repaid for 
so doing. Price 10 cents. 

No. 288— Indigrestion Treated 
by Gymnastics 

By W. J. Cromie. If the hints there- 
in contained are observed and the 
exercises faithfully performed great 
relief will be experienced. Price 10 
cents. 

No. 290— Get Well; Keep 
Well. 

By Prof. E. B. Warman, author of a 
number of books in the Spalding Ath- 
letic Library on physical training. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 330— Physical Training: 
for the School and Class 
Room. 

Edited by G. R. Borden, Physical 
Director of the Y. M. C. A., Easton, Pa. 
A book that is for practical work in 
the school room. Illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 




A. G. SPALDING 

From Photograph Taken^ in San Fkaxo^'^co 
IX November, 1879 



K SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 

* Group I. No. 350 



HOW TO SCORE 

A Practical Textbook for Scorers of 

Base Ball Games, Amateur 

and Expert 



BY 

J. M. CUMMINGS 

Late Elditor of The Sporting News, for Fourteen Years 

Sporting Editor of The Baltimore News, Official 

Scorer of the Baltimore Base Ball Club for 

Seven Seasons, Member of the Base 

Ball Writers' Association 



4^ 



PUBUSHED BY 

American Sports Publishing Company 

21 WARREN STREET. NEW YORK 







DO T 3on 

Copyright, lyil, by Aiuericaii :ipuits I'ublishiug Company 



■ r\ 




vig'P 




INDEX 


J\ 






PAGE 


Preface ..... 




3 


G-lossary of Initials Used by Scorers 






4 


The Art of Scoring 






6 


The Scoring Rules .... 






II 


Base-Hit vs. Error . . , . , 






15 


Sacrifice Hits and Flies . . , 






26 


Fielder's Choice and Force Hit . 






29 


Put-Outs and Assists . , . 






Z2 


Times at Bat . . . • . 






36 


Scoring of Runs . . . • , 






38 


The Earned Run . . , , , 






41 


Double Plays and Stolen Bases . , , 






43 


Miscellaneous Details . . • , 






47 


Crediting or Charging the Pitcher . , 






52 


Abrupt Terminations . . , 






56 


Making Up the Bo3{ Score . . 






58 


Appendix— Ansvv^ers to Problems , , 






70 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



PREFACE 

For many years base ball has felt the need of more uniform 
scoring by the hundreds of official scorers attached to the clubs 
of "organized" base ball scattered throughout the country. 

The scoring rules, as promulgated from year to year by the 
Rules Committee of the major leagues, while ample for the ex- 
pert's guidance, leave too much to be interpreted by the beginner. 
Dropping from consideration the beginner's inexperience and his 
inability to obtain more definite written instruction on many 
obscure details of his art, from the mere standpoint of "many men. 
many minds," the result has been that even so-called "correct" 
scoring has shown a great range of latitude, according as the 
scorer has interpreted the instructions at his disposal strictly, 
liberally, or has endeavored to maintain the happy mean between 
the two styles. 

The consequence has been that one of the main objects for 
which scoring is designed — to show the comparative ability of 
players throughout a season — has been largely defeated because 
all scorers have not acted in unison, forming their opinions from 
some fixed, acknowledged standard. 

It is with a view of not only instructing the novice in the gen- 
eral principles of scoring, but of offering for the acceptance of 
the expert this long-needed standard, by which alone can the 
records be made uniformly of their highest value, that this work 
has been undertaken. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



GLOSSARY OF INITIALS USED BY 
SCORERS 

A. Assists made by player while fielding his position. 

A. B. Times player has been At Bat. 

B. B. Bases on Balls. Used in denoting number received by 

player while at bat, or to denote number allowed op- 
ponents by pitcher. 

B. H. Safe Hits made by player while at bat, including sin- 

gles, doubles, triples and home runs, each recorded 
as one B. H. 

Bk. Balks made by pitcher. 

E. Errors made by player while fielding his position. 

E. B. Extra Bases made on hits by player while at bat, com- 

puted as one for doubles, two for triples and three 
for home runs. 

E. I. G. Extra Inning Games pitched by pitcher. 

F. Number of games pitcher Finished as substitute for 

preceding pitcher. 

G. Games Played. 
H. Same as B. H. 

H. B. Number of batsmen Hit By Pitcher while pitching. 

H. B. O. Number of Hits By Opponents made off pitcher while 
pitching. 

H.R. Number of Home Runs made by player while batsman. 

I. P. Number of Innings Pitched by pitcher while officiating 

at pitcher's slab. 

L. Number of games Lost by pitcher, for which he has 

been charged. 

P. B. Passed Balls allowed by catcher while fielding his posi- 

tion. 

Pet. Percentage. 

P. O. Put-Outs made by player while fielding his positioK. 

R. Runs Scored. 

R. O. Runs Scored On a pitcher during innings he has offi- 
ciated at pitcher's slab. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 5 

S. B. Stolen Bases credited to base runner, 

S. F. Sacrifice Flies credited to player while batsman. 

S. H. Sacrifice Hits credited to player while batsman. 

S. O. Struck Out. Used in denoting either number of times 

player has been struck out while batsman, or to 

denote number of strike outs credited to pitcher 

while officiating at pitcher's slab. 
T. Number of games Tied, generally used in connection 

with pitchers' records. 
T. B. Number of Total Bases gained by player as batsman, 

found by adding bases gained on singles, doubles, 

triples and home runs. 
T. C. Total Chances offered player while fielding his position. 

T. O. Games pitcher has partially pitched, from which he 

was Taken Out to allow the substitution of another 

pitcher. 
W. Number of games Won by pitcher, with which he has 

been credited. 
W. P. Wild Pitches charged against pitcher during innings he 

has officiated at pitcher's slab. 
2B. Two-base Hits made by player while batsman. 

3B. Three-base Hits made by player while batsman. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



THE ART OF SCORING 

As there are umpires and umpires, so there are scorers and 
scorers. As the work of each of these important officials con- 
nected with base ball games depends, to a large extent, upon the 
correctness of individual eyesight and the resultant individual 
deductions, it may be expected that some criticism will ensue 
from self-appointed umpires and scorers. 

The scorer, however, can congratulate himself upon having the 
easier task. The umpire must form his judgment in the twink- 
ling of an eye "all standing" and that judgment, for weal or woe, 
must be irrevocable. The scorer can allow himself more time to 
form his opinion but, once formed, it should be as irrevocable as 
the decision of the umpire. 

The umpire must maintain a clear head and 'composed de- 
meanor, knowing that he is at all times the instant target, verbally 
and physically, for players and spectators, should his decisions fail 
to please all concerned. The scorer is safely and comfortably 
seated at a point of vantage generally removed from both players 
and spectators, further hedged about by the comfortable feeling 
that what he is doing is neither known nor deemed of any par- 
ticular consequence at the time by either body of voluntary critics. 

The umpire who has the hardihood to attempt his duties with- 
out a complete mastery of the rules of base ball, only invites 
martyrdom. The scorer, either in ignorance or from lack of the 
proper spirit, all too often makes the same attempt and — more's 
the pity — comes out unscathed, to repeat the imposition at his 
convenience. 

The scorer is not "a necessary evil." His position is one of 
great importance and great honor. He should bring to it a sense 
of responsibility and the determination to perform his duties 
conscientiously and with painstaking care. 

Now what requisites are essential in order to be able to score 
a game correctly and creditably? 

The would-be scorer must thoroughly know the rules of 
base ball from Rule i to Section 17 of Rule 86. 

The would-be scorer must thoroughly comprehend the 
general principles upon which scoring is based. 

The would-be scorer must determine to know no player, 
to know no team while discharging his duties, but to 

r perform his duties as impartially as though the 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7 

players were inanimate objects he had never before 
seen and he never expected to see again. All thought 
of fear or favor should be strictly eliminated from 
his mind. 

The would-be scorer should determine to concentrate his 
attention on the movements of the ball from the time 
of the original command to play ball until the last hand 
is out in the last inning. Eternal vigilance is one of 
the prices of efficient scoring. 

The would-be scorer should never allow himself to be 
put in the position of financially benefiting by the 
victory or defeat of either team, or by the record of 
any individual engaged in the game. 

Why should the scorer deem it necessary to be posted on all 
the rules of the game instead of on the scoring rules merely? 

Because he cannot expect either to fulfill, or even to compre- 
hend his duties fully unless he has that broad familiarity with 
all details spread before him. Indeed, there are times when the 
scorer will be manifestly at sea unless he has the knowledge 
that will explain movements or results which, without that 
knowledge, would make that portion of the score sheet either a 
blank or ridiculous. 

To illustrate: The scorer sees a runner advance a base, ap- 
parently with full knowledge of his opponents, but with no move 
to restrain him. Unless the scorer is cognizant of the fact that 
the slight illegal motion the pitcher has made is a balk and that 
the penalty for committing a balk is the advancement of every 
runner on bases, he will be at a loss to account for the base each 
runner has so gained. 

Again, the scorer may see a pop fly fall untouched to the 
ground and bound away so that runners on bases safely advance 
and the batsman reaches first base in apparent safety. He will 
not understand why the umpire waves the batsman back to the 
bench, even though he allows the runners to retain their advanced 
bases, unless he is aware of the technical infield fly and just what 
can and cannot be legally done by base runners under such con- 
ditions. 

The scorer may find that two runners will endeavor to occupy 
one base at the same time and will note that the fielder, to "make 
assurance doubly sure" will invariably touch both runners. If the 
play happens to make the third out, causing sides to change im- 
mediately, how will he know which base runner is to be recorded 
as the third out, unless he is aware of the fact that the farther 
advanced runner was legally entitled to the base and that the 
man who "came up from behind" was the one actually put out? 



8 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Instances of this sort might be muhiplied to prove that no 
scorer can hope to be really capable unless he knows and knows 
thoroughly all the rules of the game he is endeavoring to record. 

Having mastered the general rules of base ball, it is a self- 
evident truth that the scorer should familiarize himself with the 
specific rules of scoring. The best that can be said of the scor- 
ing rules as supplied by the regular code is that they offer a most 
excellent foundation for the superstructure the scorer is left to 
build. 

The chief trouble for years has been that the scorers over the 
country have shown entirely too varied ideas of architecture in 
rearing these superstructures. Appoint two men to score the 
same game and separate them so that there can be no consulta- 
tion until play is over, then compare the finished product. It is 
entirely possible to find that one has reared a stately edifice, 
while the other presents a log cabin. The idea of the two men 
differed as to architecture. 

While there will always be found a case or two at times that 
admit of an honest and intelligent divergence of opinion in these 
two features that must be so largely left to individual opin- 
ion — a base hit and an error and in crediting one of the two 
or more pitchers with a victory or of charging one of two 
or more pitchers with a loss — there can be no excuse for a differ- 
ence in any other feature if the rules that govern scoring are 
thoroughly known and understood. 

It is with the hope of establishing underlying principles that 
will simplify the task of discriminating between the base hit 
and the error and will aid in determining the winning and losing 
pitcher, thus minimizing the tendency to a divergence of opinion, 
that this volume has been conceived. As a further means to the 
.same end, the various features which enter into the scorer's 
work — matters of routine, they may be termed, about which there 
can be no difference of individual opinion — will be explained 
and enlarged upon. If these principles and explanations are care- 
fully absorbed and put into practice, scoring over the entire 
country should become as nearly uniform as is possible for 
human agency to accomplish — the end toward which scoring 
has vainly striven for lo ! these many years. 

It should also be self-evident that the scorer cannot faithfully 
perform his duties if he allows sentiment or partiality to in- 
fluence his work in the slightest degree. As a man, actuated by 
all the emotions upon which base ball depends so largely for its 
popularity, he must necessarily have his team preference. But 
when he occupies the scorer's seat, he must forget it. As a man 
whose daily duties very probably entail a more or less intimate 
acquaintance with each player on one or both teams, he may be 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 9 

expected to have his private likes or disHkes. But as soon as the 
game begins, he must lay them aside. He must bend neither for- 
ward, in the endeavor to favor the team with which his senti- 
ments are supposed to lie,, or the player with whom he is more 
friendly, nor must he bend backward in endeavoring to prove 
that he is afifected neither by expected proclivities nor by friend- 
ship. 

He must stand straight up before God and man, faithfully 
recording results as his eyes see them, his judgment dictates and 
his conscience approves. The scorer can vastly better afford to 
suspect that he may have an incorrect eye, or bad judgment, or 
both, than a bad conscience. In the last-named alternative he 
will soon realize that he has lost both his own self-respect and 
the respect he should claim from others. A bad eye or bad judg- 
ment, with undoubted honesty of purpose, will be condoned in the 
expectation that practice will make more perfect, but the scorer 
who will give the slightest ground for suspicion that he has 
perverted the records from motives of self-interest, friendship, or 
malice — whether studiously or merely from a careless general 
■desire to be known as "a good fellow," puts himself ''beyond the 
pale." Let the first, middle and last word of the scorer's plat- 
form be Honesty. 

The accuracy of the scorer depends upon his attention to the 
things it is his duty to record. This may seem a simple matter 
to carry out, but even the experienced scorer finds that it is not as 
easy as it may appear. Watch closely even the least intricate 
plays and record promptly. It seems almost ridiculous to assert 
that a scorer will occasionally imagine that the centre fielder, for 
instance, has made a fly catch when the actual fact is that the left 
fielder is entitled to the put out, yet such instances are not rare. 

The scorer is even more prone, at times, to credit the second 
baseman with the shortstop's chances, or to fail to note that some 
fielder has run far from his regular station, inveigling the care- 
less scorer into recording the play as having been made by the 
fielder whom he would naturally expect to be at or near the place 
where the ball was handled. 

Again, in hurried relayed throws, or in cases of a more or less 
lengthy run-down of a base runner between bases, both concen- 
trated attention and prompt action on the part of the scorer are 
essential. Once the play is over, unless the scorer has it either 
correctly photographed upon his brain or recorded temporarily or 
permanently, he is hopelessly at sea. His only recourse is to 
depend upon others for information — at once uncertain and 
humiliating, as an open announcement of the scorer's inefficiency. 
An excellent plan will be to jot down on the most convenient 
white surface, such plays as are complicated, at the moment each 



IC SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

fielder receives the ball, making sure that the proper player is 
recorded by keeping eyes intelligently fixed upon them, rather 
than upon the memorandum. 

The centre fielder, for instance, may relay a long hit to the 
right fielder, who in turn throws to the pitcher, who tosses to the 
catcher, putting out the runner at the plate. Having noted the 
white surface while the centre fielder is "chasing" the hit, it re- 
quires no further glance at it to jot down as each player receives 
the ball 8-9-1-2. 

Even more necessary is such a plan when an extensive run- 
down occurs between bases. As many as five or six players may 
handle the ball and the only way to reduce danger of error of 
record to a minimum, is not to rely on memory, but to keep 
both eyes fastened on the flight of the ball, while the hand jots 
down the number of each player as the ball is received by him. 
After the play is completed, duplicates may be eliminated and the 
play put in proper shape for permanent record. 

But while it is essential for the scorer to keep his eyes on the 
ba.ll during play, there are occasions when it is as essential for 
him to observe other things. At the beginning of each half-inning 
the scorer should glance at every fielder to be sure that no 
changes in either personnel or in position have been made, or, if 
such have been made, to properly harmonize his score book. 
As each batter takes his place at the plate, the scorer should 
satisfy himself that the proper man is "up" and that no substi- 
tute batter has been introduced. While the general rules of base 
ball provide that the umpire shall announce all such changes, the 
scorer should make it his unfailing rule to depend upon himself 
first — and others not at all, or at least when possible to avoid it. 

It should hardly be necessary to speak further upon the last 
rule laid down for the guidance of scorers — that they should not 
allow themselves under any circumstances to be put in the posi- 
tion of financially benefiting by the victory or defeat of either 
team. The great pride of base ball and the great hold it has 
upon the affections of the public are due in no small measure to 
the absolute honesty of the game and of those connected with it. 
The scorer — especially the official scorer— may be approached at 
times by parties especially interested in a certain player's record, 
dependent upon the number of hits he amasses. This approach 
may be boldlv, in the nature of a bribe, or it may be in the rnore 
insidious form of a bet ofifered by a party supposed to be disin- 
terested — a bet offered with a view of losing and having the 
scorer's aid, if necessary, in making him lose. Advice to scorers 
placed in such a situation is to shun it all. No honest scorer can 
afford to be mixed up in such things. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. H 



THE SCORING RULES 

The general base ball code contains the following : 

THE SCORING RULES. 

To promote uniformity in scoring cham- 

RULE 84. pionship games the following instructions 

are given and suggestions and definitions 

made for the guidance of scorers, and they are required to 

make all scores in accordance therewith. 

The Batsman's Record. 

Section i. The first item in the tabu- 

RULE 85. lated score, after the player's name and 

position, shall be the number of times he 

has been at bat during the game, but the exceptions made 

in Rule 82 must not be included. 

Sec. 2. In the second column shall be set down the runs, 
if any, made by each player. 

Sec. 3. In the third column shall be placed the first base 
hits, if any, made by each player. 

The Scoring of Base Hits. 

Sec. 4. A base hit shall be scored in the following cases : 

When the ball from the bat strikes the ground on or 
within the foul lines and out of the reach of the fielders. 

When a fair-hit ball is partially or wholly stopped by 
a fielder in motion, but such player can not recover himself 
in time to field the ball to first before the striker reaches 
that base or to force out another base runner. 

When the ball be hit with such force to an infielder or 
pitcher that he can not handle it in time to put out the 
batsman or force out a base runner. In a case of doubt 
over this class of hits, a base hit should be scored and 
the fielder exempted from the charge of an error. 

When the ball is hit so slowly toward a fielder that he 
cannot handle it in time to put out the batsman or force 
out a base runner. 

In all cases where a base runner is retired by being hit 
by a batted ball, unless batted by himself, the batsman 
should be credited with a base hit. 

When a batted ball hits the person or clothing of the 
umpire, as defined jn Rule 53, Section 6, 



1 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

In no case shall a base hit be scored when a base runner 
is forced out by the play. 

Sacrifice Hits. 

Sec. 5. Sacrifice hits shall be placed in the Summary. 

A sacrifice hit shall be credited to the batsman who 
when no one is out or when but one man is out, advances 
a runner a base by a bunt hit, which results in the batsman 
being put out before reaching first, or would so result if 
it were handled without error. 

A sacrifice hit shall also be credited to a batsman who, 
when no one is out or when but one man is out, hits a fly 
ball that is caught but results in a run being scored, or 
would in the judgment of the scorer so result if caught. 

Fielding Records. 

Sec. 6. The number of opponents, if any, put out by 
each player shall be set down in the fourth column. Where 
the batsman is given out by the umpire for a foul strike, or 
fails to bat in proper order, or is declared out on third 
bunt strike, the put-out shall be scored to the catcher. In 
cases of the base runner being declared "out" for interfer- 
ence, running out of line, or on an infield fly, the "out" 
should be credited to the player who would have made 
the play but for the action of the base runner or the an- 
nouncement of the umpire. 

Sec. 7. The number of times, if any, each player assists 
in putting out an opponent shall be set down in the fifth 
column. An assist should be given to each player who 
handles the ball in aiding in a run-out or any other play of 
the kind, even though he complete the play by making the 
put-out. 

An assist should be given to a player who makes a play 
in time to put a runner out, even if the player who could 
complete the play fail, through no fault of the assisting 
player. 

And generally an assist should be given to each player 
who handles or assists in any manner in handling the 
ball from the time it leaves the bat until it reaches the 
player who makes the put-out, or in case of a thrown 
ball, to each player who throws or handles it cleanly, and 
in such a way that a put-out results, or would result if 
no error were made by a team-mate. 

Assists should be credited to every player who handles 
the ball in the play which results in a base runner being 
called "out" for interference or for running out of line. 

A double play shall mean any two continuous put-outs 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 13 

that take place between the time the ball leaves the pitcher's 
hands until it is returned to him again standing in the 
pitcher's box. 

Errors. 

Sec. 8. An error shall be given in the sixth column 
for each misplay which prolongs the time at bat of the 
batsman or allows a base runner to make one or more 
bases when perfect play would have insured his being put 
out. But a base on balls, a base awarded to a batsman by 
being struck by a pitched ball, a balk, a passed ball or wild 
pitch shall not be included in the sixth column. 

An error shall not be charged against the catcher for a 
wild throw in an attempt to prevent a stolen base, unless 
the base runner advance an extra base because of the error. 

An error shall not be scored against the catcher or an 
infielder who attempts to complete a double play, unless 
the throw be so wild that an additional base be gained. 

In case a base runner advance a base through the failure 
of a baseman to stop or try to stop a ball accurately thrown 
to his base the latter shall be charged with an error and 
not the player who made such throw, provided there was 
occasion for it. If such throw be made to second base the 
scorer shall determine whether the second baseman or 
shortstop shall be charged with an error. 

In event of a fielder dropping a fly but recovering the 
ball in time to force a runner at another base, he shall be 
exempted from an error, the play being scored as a "force- 
out." 

Stolen Bases. 

Sec. 9. A stolen base shall be credited to the base run- 
ner whenever he advances a base unaided by a base hit, a 
put-out, a fielding or a battery error, subject to the follow- 
ing exceptions : 

In event of a double or triple steal being attempted, 
where either runner is thrown out, the other or others 
shall not be credited with a stolen base. 

In event of a base runner being touched out after sliding 
over a base, he shall not be regarded as having stolen the 
base in question. 

In event of a base runner making his start to steal a base 
prior to a battery error, he shall be credited with a stolen 
base. 

In event of a palpable mufif of a ball thrown by the 
catcher, when the base runner is clearly blocked, the 
infielder making the muff shall be charged with an error 
and the base runner shall not be credited with a stolen base. 



14 SrALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Definition of Wild Pitch and Passed Ball. 

Sec. 10. A wild pitch is a legally delivered ball, so high, 
low or wide of the plate that the catcher cannot or does 
not stop and control it with ordinary effort, and as a result 
the batsman, who becomes a base runner on such pitched 
ball, reaches first base or a base runner advances. 

A passed ball is a legally delivered ball that the catcher 
should hold or control with ordinary effort, but his failure 
to do so enables the batsman, who becomes a base runner 
on such pitched ball, to reach first base or a base runner 
to' advance. 

The Summary. 

The Summary shall contain: 
RULE 86. Section i. The score made in each in- 

ning of the game and the total runs of each 
side in the game. 

Sec. 2. The number of stolen bases, if any, by each 
player. 

Sec. 3. The number of sacrifice hits, if any, made by 
each player. 

Sec. 4. The number of sacrifice flies, if any, made by 
each player. 

Sec. 5. The number of two-base hits, if any, made by 
each player. 

Sec. 6. The number of three-base hits, if any, made by 
each player. 

Sec. 7. The number of home runs, if any, made by each 
player. 

Sec. 8. The number of double and triple plays, if any, 
made by each club and the players participating in same. 

Sec. 9. The number of innings each pitcher pitched in. 

Sec. 10. The number of base hits, if any, made off each 
pitcher and the number legal at bats scored against each 
pitcher. 

Sec. II. The number of times, if any, the pitcher strikes 
out the opposing batsmen. 

Sec. 12. The number of times, if any, the pitcher gives 
bases on balls. 

Sec. 13. The number of wild pitches, if any, charged 
against the pitcher. 

Sec. 14. The number of times, if any, the pitcher hits a 
batsman with a pitched ball, the name or names of the 
batsman or batsmen so hit to be given. 

Sec. 15. The number of passed balls by each catcher 

Sec. 16. The time of the game. 

Sec, 17. The name of the umpire or umpires. 



St*ALDlNG'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 15 



BASE-HIT vs. ERROR 

Perhaps the most intricate thing the scorer will be required 
to do is to determine whether, when the batsman hits a fair ball, 
he should be credited with a base-hit or the fielder who fails to 
put out the batsman should be charged with an error. Certain 
it is that this feature of scoring calls for all the intelligent judg- 
ment, the experience and the impartiality the scorer can bring to 
bear, for this is the question of all scoring. 

Let what has already been said in this connection be reiterated, 
for it cannot be held in too great importance : Know no man, no 
team. Judge the facts at your disposal and, having decided con- 
scientiously, stick to that decision though the heavens fall. Only 
one base ball criminal can be put in the same category with the 
umpire who allows himself either to be bullied or wheedled into 
changing a decision once given — the scorer who follows the ex- 
ample. 

There may come times when the scorer later half or perhaps 
wholly believes that he is wrong, but the knowledge that what he 
has done is irrevocable will lead the conscientious scorer to a 
greater determination to be right in the first place. If he ever 
allows himself to feel that a wrong can be undone by a stroke of 
the pen, he will insensibly allow himself to make his original 
entries carelessly and, more than likely, get in the habit ultimately 
of depending upon a revision dictated by the players or club 
officials most interested. 

What is the proper distinction between the base-hit and the 
error? Generally speaking, the base-hit is the result of the 
batsman, either voluntarily or involuntarily, hitting the ball to 
such portion of fair territory that it cannot be caught on the fly 
and he is enabled to reach first base before the ball is fielded 
there or before any runner already on a base when the ball is hit, 
can be forced out at an advanced base. 

As generally speaking, an error is made when the batsman is 
allowed to reach first base, or a runner already on a base when the 
ball was hit is allowed to reach an advviced base by reason of a 
mechanical failure on the part of any fielder who might reasonably 
have been expected to make or assist in making an out on the 
ball hit by the batsman. 

There are other base-hits and other errors, but of them a later 
discussion will be in order. For the present only base-hits and 



16 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

errors arising from the batsman hitting the ball will be con- 
sidered. 

In endeavoring to fairly and intelligently discriminate between 
the base-hit and the error, never for an instant be influenced by 
that favorite fallacy of the ignorant, that if a fielder "gets his 
hands on" the ball, he should be given an error and the batter 
deprived of a base-hit he may have reasonably earned. No 
greater mistake could be made than in allovv'ing this false doctrine 
to influence results. Watch the ball from the moment it leaves 
the bat and be governed by common sense, impartially applied. 

If the ball proceeds along the ground in fair territory and re- 
mains fair under the rules, with no fielder getting near enough 
to it to handle it before the batsman reaches first, no question 
arises that it is a safe hit. So far, so good; but suppose the ball 
travels so close to some infielder that he makes a dive for it, 
reaching it with his hand, but only with the result of slowing or 
stopping the progress of the ball, without allowing even the 
chance of a throw to make the put-out. Credit the batsman with 
a base hit. 

The reason for this line of action is plain. All concerned in 
base ball should aid in every legitimate way the tendency to 
brilliant fielding. The moment a fielder becomes convinced that 
the scorer in whose keeping his record lies is adding permanent 
handicap to brilliant play, just so soon will he decline to take 
chances other than those he believes he is sure of handling. He 
will look after the hit driven directly in his way, but he will 
■make no effort to accomplish the near-impossible. The effect of 
any such determination upon the part of the fielder on the game 
will be immediately apparent. The phenomenal bits of fielding 
that set the blood of spectators tingling, become dead letters and 
the final issue of many a game will either be reversed or so 
warped as to make it unrecognizable from the result obtained 
from fielding unhampered by such scoring injustice. 

The same rule applies to outfielders to whom flies are sent. If 
an outfielder drops a ball for which he has had ample time to 
"set himself," charge him with an error. But if he has had a long 
run and has barely managed to reach the ball, even should he get 
it wholly within his hands and yet drop it, give the batter credit 
for a base-hit. 

But the application of common sense principles should not be 
limited to balls hit just out of easy fielding distance of in or out- 
fielders. The ball may travel at a moderate rate of speed directly 
at an infielder planted to receive it, when it may suddenly strike 
a pebble or som.e inequality of the turf and be deflected so that no 
human eye nor pair of hands could make the requisite changes 
quickly enough to insure perfect handling. Give the batsman a 



I 



SfALDlNGt'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 17 

base-hit. It is a "lucky" hit, but there is no reason why he should 
be deprived of the advantage or the fielder penalized for an 
incident beyond human control. 

Another variety of doubtful hits that often cause scorers 
trouble, is the slow hit ball, resulting from either the bunt or the 
scratch. Until a few years ago, when defensive work against the 
bunt reached such a degree of excellence as to cause a decided 
shrinkage in the number of bunts attempted, good scorers of the 
liberal school rightly made practically every bunt a base-hit when 
the batter reached first, despite fumbles or bad throws. They 
took this course because the bunt and the scratch are the kind of 
hits that invariably call for more than the ordinary fielding skill. 
That the same scorers are less liberal in allowing base-hits at the 
present time on exactly the same kind of chances is not because they 
are any less hard to handle now than then, but rather because long 
study and practice of the defensive have caused a higher standard 
to be reasonably expected on the part of the fielders. It can still 
be laid down as a general rule, however, that the fielder is 
entitled to a greater leniency on bunts and on slow scratches than 
on almost any other kind of quasi-hit. It is safe to credit the 
batsman with a base-hit on every bunt or scratch on which he 
reaches first base and an advanced runner is not put out (except 
a palpable fielder's choice) even though a fumble or a poor throw 
is made by the fielder handling the ball, unless the ball is rolled 
directly at the fielder in such a way as to make a failure to 
handle it palpably poor play upon the part of the fielder. 

Take into consideration the speed with which the fielder must 
recognize the character of the chance and must advance to meet 
the ball, and the necessity on his part for exceptionally speedy 
mechanical work with a ball that is likely spinning, twisting and 
jumping in all sorts of inconceivable ways and the reason for 
taking the liberal stand advised becomes apparent. 

Scorers should adopt this general rule in distinguishing between 
all base-hits and errors: When a fair batted ball might reason- 
ably be expected to result in an out and does not so result because 
of imperfect play, charge the fielder to whom the imperfect han- 
dling can be attributed with an error. But should a fair ball be hit 
in such a way as to cause manifestly phenomenal work necessary 
on the part of the fielder in order to make or assist in making 
an out, even though he may touch the ball or make a poor throw, 
give the batsman a base-hit. 

As important as the foregoing is the advice to scorers to give 
the batsman the benefit of any legitimate doubt arising. Score 
him a base-hit in preference to charging the fielder an error. 

The fielder should not be penalized for not doing what he 
should not justly be expected to do. If he knows that he will be, 



18 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

he will soon learn to not even make the try that will place his 
record — his chief stock in trade — in jeopardy. Free of fear of 
unjust penalty in case he tries and does not succeed, he will take 
every chance to make phenomenal play, amply repaid when he 
manages to pull it off successfully, by the plaudits of the spec- 
tators. 

But there are other base-hits and other errors besides those 
originating as heretofore described. If, tor instance, a batted 
fair ball hits any base runner, the ball becomes dead, the base 
runner is automatically declared out and the batter is entitled to 
first base unless the runner hit makes the third out. And the bats- 
man IS always entitled to a technical base-hit unless he is hit by 
his own batted ball. So also, if the batted ball hits the person 
or clothing of an umpire upon fair ground, the batter is allowed 
to take first base and is also credited with a base-hit. 

In the matter of errors, up to this point only such as might 
arise from batted balls have been considered. It must be remem- 
bered that the scorer's duty is to account for every base each 
player of the side at bat advances and there are only two ways of 
accounting — by a credit for successful aggressive work or by 
charge for unsuccessful defensive work. 

But not alone do errors arise from the failure of in or out- 
fielders to catch batted flies or to stop perfectly rolling ground 
hits. In fielding ground balls it is generally necessary for in- 
fielders and sometimes for outfielders to complete their work by 
making a perfect throw and for the receiving fielder to make a 
perfect catch. Should a base be gained by a batter or by a base 
runner because of failure to throw perfectly, or failure to catch 
the throw perfectly, charge an error against the player at fault. 
Great care should be taken in detecting which of two or more 
fielders engaged in a play of this kind is at fault. Nothing is so 
aggravating to a fielder as the knowledge that he has been 
saddled with another player's sins. 

If an infielder stops and grasps a batted ball perfectly and has 
a reasonable amount of time in which to make his throw to 
catch a runner, but throws too low, or too high, or so far to 
either side as to cause the receiving fielder to miss the play, 
charge the player who threw the ball an error. If. however, the 
throw is considered sufificiently perfect for the receiving fielder 
to have handled the ball in such a way as to have made the out, 
charge the player to whom the ball is thrown an error. 

Eternal vigilance is necessary on the part of the scorer if he 
is to determine accurately which fielder is to blame. He must be 
sure that he has made no mistake and he cannot be sure unless 
he has every move of the play indelibly photographed upon his 
mind. 



I 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 19 

Outfielders are more exempt from errors of this sort than the 
inner ranks, but it is not unsual for them to come under the ban. 
It frequently happens that an outfielder, after making a fly catch 
or stopping a ground ball, is required to throw to the plate, or 
to one of the bases in order to prevent a runner or runners from 
advancing farther than could be legitimately expected. 

In this connection it may be remarked that a runner is fre- 
quently expected to advance a base on "the throw-in" — a fact 
which scorers should recognize in order not to confuse the base 
so acquired with the base-hit or the error. Let us suppose, for 
instance, that with a runner on second, the batter makes a clean 
hit to an outfielder. Should the outfielder throw to the plate to 
prevent the runner on second from proceeding farther than third, 
it is likely that the batsman will continue to second base. The 
scorer must not confuse this state of affairs with a two-base 
hit. The batsman is probably entitled to a single only and he is 
considered as having reached second "on the throw-in." 

Returning to the liability of the outfielder to error under such 
conditions, should his throw be stopped and held by the catcher, 
or by any other fielder to whom the throw has been made, well 
and good. But should the throw bound over the receiving 
fielder's head or prove too wide or too imperfect from any stand- 
point for the receiving fielder to be reasonably supposed to stop 
the ball, allowing any of the runners on bases to take one or more 
additional bases, the outfielder must be charged with an error. In- 
deed, the tendency is to give the receiving fielder the benefit of 
any doubt that may be felt, for the reason possibly that there is 
vastly more occasion for the infielders, catcher and pitcher lo 
make errors than for any outfielder and that when the oppor- 
tunity presents, the inner ranks should receive the leniency. 

The general rule may be followed that one base may be allowed 
a runner on a throw-in if the indications are that he has advanced 
with the idea of utilizing the chance offered by the throw-in, but 
any extra base should be charged as an error against the out- 
fielder unless the receiver of the throw-in was palpably at fault. 

A type of error that has been giving the inexperienced scorer 
trouble of late years is that charged against the catcher or other 
fielder who perchance drops a foul fly he might reasonably be 
supposed to have caught. If the foul was dropped after a hard 
run, or there is any doubt about the reasonableness of expecting 
the catch, disregard the incident. It is not an error then or at 
any time thereafter. If the ball should have been caught, recog- 
nize the fact that the catcher or other player who failed to make 
the catch must be charged with an error at once. 

The reason for the too widespread misunderstanding on the 
subject is found in the fact that until 1904 no error was charged 



20 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

under such conditions unless the batsman eventually reached first 
base. But beginning with the year mentioned, whether the bats- 
man reached first or did not, has had nothing to do with charging 
the error. Remember then, that any foul fly that should be 
caught and is not, compels an error charged against the offending 
fielder. The rule previous to 1904 read as follows : 

An error shall be given * * * for each misplay which 
allows a striker or base runner to make one or more 
bases when perfect play would have insured his being put 
out, etc. 

With such instructions, it can readily be seen that no error 
could be charged for a dropped foul unless the batter eventually 
reached first base, for had he not reached first base, the original 
failure to put him out cost nothing, while the fact that he did 
reach first base eventually was alone considered a palpable some- 
thing due to the further opportunity allowed by the failure to 
make the out offered by the foul fly. 

But in 1904 the rule was changed to read as follows : 

An error shall be given * * * for each misplay which 
prolongs the time at bat of the batsman or allows a 
base runner to make one or more bases when perfect play 
would have insured his being put out. 

Note the difference made by the words "prolongs the time at 
bat of the batsman." Failure to catch a foul fly that should be 
caught, undoubtedly "prolongs the time of the batsman at bat" 
and the error follows instanter. 

As important is the knowledge when not to charge errors. The 
wild pitch and the passed ball are not classed with the ordinary 
error. They are errors none the less, as are also the base on 
balls, the hit-by-pitcher and the balk, but all of these are regarded 
as "battery errors" and have no place with the ordinary fielding 
error. They each have a place of their own, which will be dis- 
cussed elsewhere. 

Neither are errors of omission taken into cognizance except in 
certain specific instances. The error charged in black and white 
is supposed to indicate only a mechanical failure of palpable at- 
tempts that should have been successful. The most familiar type 
of errors of omission is found in the misjudgment of flies by out- 
fielders, occasionally by infielders also and the misunderstandings 
arising over who shall take a fly ball among in or outfielders, 
resulting in the ball dropping uncaught between the fielders in- 
volved. In all such cases it is customary to give the batsman a 
base-hit — for as many bases as he safely makes on that particular 
hit. The same rule applies on infield hits — usually bunts or 
scratches — when two or more infielders get mixed as to which 
shall field the ball, with the result that it is not fielded at all or, 
if fielded, it is found that no fielder is at first base to whom the 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21 

ball may be thrown to make the out. In all such cases also, 
credit the batsman with a base-hit. 

The exception that recognizes an error of omission and pro- 
vides the penalty of an error, is in the case of a fielder throwing 
to base in perfect form, but the advance of a base runner is not 
checked because of failure of the proper fielder to cover his 
position — provided there was occasion to make the throw. In 
such cases the error is charged against the fielder who should 
have been in position to receive the throw and was not. In 
case the throw is directed toward second base, it is the scorer's 
duty to determine whether the shortstop or the second baseman 
should have been on hand to receive the ball and the error shall 
be charged against the one of the two he decrees. 

No error shall be charged against the catcher who fails to pre- 
vent a runner from stealing any base, even though the throw may 
not prove perfect, unless the runner is enabled by reason of the 
poor throw to advance beyond the base he stole. The reason for 
this prohibition is that all such throws are made with great 
rapidity, allowing practically no time for steadying the eye or the 
hand. If the catchers were to fear the additional handicap of an 
error charged for every failure to make an absolutely perfect 
throw, they would soon cease to take many a chance which now 
results in their favor. 

The same reason may be advanced for the prohibition against 
charging an error to the account of a fielder who fails to com- 
plete a double play by reason of an imperfect throw, unless an 
additional base or more is the result of the throw. Plays of this 
kind must necessarily be attempted with great rapidity, which 
offers sufficient handicap. 

Just one other prohibition must be taken into consideration. 
A fielder — in or out — may drop a fly ball, or an infielder may 
fumble a ground ball in such a manner as to compel the charge of 
an error were that play alone to be taken into consideration. But 
if circumstances admit of the ofifender's recovery of the ball in 
time to force out or assist in the force out of some other runner, 
no error shall be charged for the original offense. 

The scorer must recognize that it is possible for both a safe 
hit and an error to result on the same play. The batter may reach 
first on a hit that should be credited to him as a safe hit, but the 
infielder who handles the ball may elect to take a forlorn hope and 
throw in the endeavor to put him out. Should the throw go wild, 
allowing the runner to advance one or more additional bases, a 
safe hit and an error is the proper scoring method. The hit may 
go to the outfield and the outfielder handling the ball may fumble, 
he may let the ball "go through him," or may make a bad 
throw-in. Credit a safe hit to the batsman for as many bases as 



22 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

he would have made on the hit had it been handled perfectly and 
charge the offending outhelder an error for the additional bases 
the batsman gains. 

The only other thing necessary to call to the scorer's attention in 
this connection is the proper differentiation between the throw-in 
as directed at the batter and as directed at a runner farther ad- 
vanced, in determining the length of the batsman's safe hit. The 
batsman hits to the outfield and reaches first base, going on to 
second because the outfielder throws the ball to the plate, or to 
third in the effort to put out an advanced runner. The batter is 
entitled in such instances to a single only, taking second on the 
throw-in. If, however, he continues to second despite the 
throw-in of the outfielder to second in the vain endeavor to 
head him off, or before the outfielder could get the ball there 
should he elect to throw elsewhere, credit the batsman with a 
two-base hit. If he reaches third before the ball could be returned 
to head him off there, the credit must be for a three-base hit, etc. 

If the batsman should be fielded out at some advanced base he 
is endeavoring to make on his hit, care should be taken to give 
him credit for the full number of bases he made safely on his 
hit. For instance, if he gets put out at second endeavoring to 
stretch a single into a double, he must be credited with a single. 
If he reaches second but gets put out trying to make third, give 
him credit for a double, etc. The play at the base should be care- 
fully watched, for crediting base-hits differs in this feature from 
crediting stolen bases. If the runner reaches the bag before being 
touched and is put out on the far side of the bag through failure 
to "anchor," he should get full credit for the number of that base 
and not for the number of the base behind, as is the case when 
he is put out before he touches the advanced base. 

One modification of this rule must be remembered, however. 
Should a tie game be brought to a close by a hit, that hit can be 
no longer, technically, than is needed to score the winning run. 
For instance : Suppose the score is 3 to 3 in the last half of the 
last inning, with a runner on third base. The batter may hit the 
ball over the fence for what under ordinary circumstances would 
have been a home run. The scorer, however, can credit him with 
only a single, for a single is all that is necessary to score the runner 
with the run that wins from third base. The game ends the moment 
that runner crosses the plate and the batter is technically "left" on 
first base. Had the winning runner been on second base when the 
iiit was made, the batsman would have received credit for a two- 
bagger. With the runner on first, a three-bagger is credited to 
the batsman. Only in case no runner precedes him and he is 
compelled to make the circuit himself to score the winning run 
can the batsman get credit for a home run. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 23 

The principles laid down in the foregoing may be briefly 
summed up as follows : 

CONCERNING BASE HITS. 

Credit a base-hit to the batsman in every case when the fielder 
cannot from any cause be reasonably expected to field the fair 
batted ball in such a manner as to put out the batter or to force 
out a preceding runner. 

The size of the base-hit credited should be the number of the 
bag last touched by the runner before being put out, except when 
the hit drives in the run that ends the game, in which case the 
size of the hit should be the number of bases gained by the runner 
scoring the winning run. 

Credit a base-hit to the batsman whose fair batted ball hits 
either a previous base runner or an umpire. 

Credit a batter a base-hit when a fielder cr fielders fail to make 
. ' expected put-out on a fair batted ball because of mental mis- 
judgment instead of mechanical. 

Do not credit a base-hit on any fair batted ball upon which the 
batsman reaches first base if a previous runner has been forced 
out by the hit. 

CONCERNING ERRORS. 

Charge the fielder an error w;ho does not make a put out he 
should reasonably be expected to have made, whether his failure 
is due to not handling perfectly the fair batted ball or, after 
handling properly, he does not make a proper throw. 

Charge the fielder an error who fails to perfectly receive a 
throw that he might reasonably be supposed to have taken and 
which, had he taken, would have resulted in a put-out. 

Charge the fielder an error who, either by failure to perfectly 
throw or to receive any perfectly thrown ball, allows one or more 
runners to gain one or more bases. 

Charge the catcher or other fielder an error immediately upon 
his failure to catch and hold any foul fly he might reasonably have 
been expected to catch and to hold. 

Do not charge the player an error who makes a perfect throw 
to a base for the purpose of heading off an advancing runner, if 
no one is at the base to receive the throw. Charge the error 
against the fielder whose duty it was to be in position to receive 
the throw. In case the throw is to second base, the scorer must 
determine whether to penalize the shortstop or the second base- 
man. 

Do not charge an error against the pitcher who makes a wild 
pitch, gives a base on balls, makes a balk or hits an opposing 
batsman or against the catcher who has a passed ball. These are 



24 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

battery errors and each has its definite, specified place in the tabu- 
lated score. 

Do not charge an error against a catcher for making a poor 
throw to a base in the endeavor to prevent a base runner from 
stealing, unless the base runner is enabled by reason of the poor 
throw to advance one or more additional bases. 

Do not charge an error against any fielder who, by reason of 
an imperfect throw fails to complete a double play, unless one or 
more runners are enabled by reason of that imperfect throw, to 
advance one or more additional bases. 

Do not charge an error against a fielder, even though imperfect 
handling of the ball allows the batsman to reach first safely, if the 
fielder forces out or assists in forcing out a runner farther ad- 
vanced. 

PROBLEMS. 
(Answers to these problems will be found in the appendix.) 

(i) Fly to left, with first and third occupied. Runner starts with 
catch. Left fielder throws to short, who relays home. Throw strikes 
ground four feet in front of and three feet to left of plate, bounding over 
catcher's head. Runner would probably have scored in any event, but 
runner from first goes on to third. 

(2) With runner on first, batsman bunts, beating throw to first. 

(3) Runner on first. Batter bunts and is thrown out at first by third 
baseman. Runner on first has advanced to second and, noting that third 
base is uncovered, keeps on to third. Third baseman and shortstop both 
endeavor to reach perfect throw to base made by first baseman, but both 
fail. Had throw been taken, runner would probably have been put out. 

(4) Line drive passes over infielder's head, so that by jumping he man- 
ages to take off some of the ball's speed with the tips of his fingers. 
Batter reaches first. 

(5) Ground ball batted directly at infielder, who allows it to pass between 
his feet without touching it, as he fails to stoop low enough. 

(6) Batter hits line drive to outfielder, who misjudges at first, but man- 
ages by hard run, to get close enough to reach out with gloved hand. 
Ball hits squarely, but drops. 

(7) Batter bunts with runner on first. Catcher fields ball and made 
motion to throw to second. Does not do so, as he believes runner has 
beaten any throw that could be made. Catcher turns to throw to first, but 
for no apparent reason does not, though throw would probably have beaten 
bafsman. All hands are safe. 

(8) Batsman makes clean hit to centre, but is put out at second base by 
centre fielder's throw to second baseman. 

(9) Ball thrown by infielder hits ground in front of first baseman and 
bounds perfectly, but first baseman fails to stop it. 

(10) Batsman hits high fly in front of plate. Catcher misjudges and 
ball drops about four feet in front of him, batter reaching first safely. 

(11) Very hard hit ball strikes shins of first baseman and bounds away, 
batter reaching first safely. 

(12) Batsman lays bunt along first base line. Pitcher and catcher collide 
in trying to field and batsman reaches first safely. 

(13) Moderately swift ball batted a little to right of shortstop, who 
makes no effort to stop ball. Could have been fielded, apparently, had the 
effort been made. 

(14) Pop fly to second baseman results in collision between shortstop 
and second baseman, causing second baseman to drop ball after having it in 
his hands. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 25 

(is) In a run-down between second and third, runner is apparently about 
to be touched out when fielder holding ball drops it. 

(i6) Foul fly hit to catcher, who, though "set" to take the ball, lets it 
fall through his hands. Batter strikes out on next delivery. 

(17) Batsman reaches second base on the fourth ball, which is a wild 
pitch. 

(18) Scratch hit rolls slowly between pitcher and second baseman. 
Second baseman runs in and endeavors to scoop up ball with one hand, but 
only succeeds in fumbling. Batsman reaches first safely. 

(19) Batted ball hit directly at shortstop takes unexpected bound to left, 
just as shortstop is about to grasp it. Ball is merely knocked down and 
batsman reaches first safely. 

(20) Long fly to outfielder causes outfielder to reach ball with one hand 
after hard run, but he fails to hold it. 

(21) Fair batted ball is hit so sharply to right field that right fielder is 
enabled to throw to shortstop to force runner who had been on first, bats- 
man reaching first base safely. 

(22) Fly to left fielder is dropped, but left fielder recovers ball in time to 
throw to third baseman, forcing runner coming up from second. 

(23) Fly to outfielder goes clear over outfielder's head, though he could 
easily have got under ball had he not stood still. 

(24) Score tied last half of ninth, runner on second base. Batsman 
makes clean drive into fair bleachers and completes circuit. What is length 
of his bit? 

(25) Batted ball hits person of runner between second and third, m.aking 
third out. 

(26) Umpire is hit on foot by batted ball before it touches any fielder. 
Shortstop picks up ball and retires batsman at first. 

(2y) Fumble by short allowing batsman to reach first base. Runner on 
second advances to third and is caught by shortstop's throw to third base- 
man, (a) Before he reaches base, (b) After over-running base. 



26 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



SACRIFICE HITS AND FLIES 

The amateur scorer frequently has difficulty in determining 
wlia: is and what is not a sacrifice hit or a sacrifice fiy. But such 
difiiculty can only arise from his insufficient knowledge or under- 
standing of the underlying principles. The chief thing to be 
remembered is that nothing but a bunt that advances a runner 
already on a base can possibly be a sacrifiice hit, though all bunts 
are not necessarily sacrifice hits. And only a fly ball caught, or 
that should have been caught and was not caught because of 
error upon the part of the fielder, upon which fly-out or error a 
runner scores from third base, can be a sacrifice fly. 

The code definition of a sacrifice hit limits it to a bunt, made 
when no one is out or when one is out and which advances a 
runner a base even though the batsman himself is put oat at 
first base, or would be put out if the ball were handled with- 
out error. 

The code definition of a sacrifice fly limits it to a fly, made 
v/hen no one is out or when one is out and which, if caught, 
results in a run being scored or, in case of an error, would, in 
the judgment of the scorer, have so resulted had the ball been 
caught. 

The amateur scorer often seeks incorrectly to give a batter 
credit for a sacrifice hit whenever he hits the ball in any fashion — 
bunt, full-swing or scratch — and is retired at first but advances 
a runner. Unconsciously, perhaps, he is reverting to the rules of 
two decades ago. In 1890 the sacrifice was first defined as any 
"ground hit or fly which, when but one man was out, advanced a 
runner a base, though it resulted in putting out the batsman, or 
would have so resulted if handled without error." 

This held until 1894, when the kind of hit entitling the bats- 
man to credit for a sacrifice was limited to a bunt. Then, too, for 
the first time, was the batsman relieved of the charge of a time at 
bat when he made a sacrifice hit. The regulations devised then 
have come down practically unchanged to the present day, with 
the addition, in 1908, of the sacrifice fly. 

The main thing, therefore, for the scorer to remember is that 
the sacrifice hit must be a bunt and that it must advance a run- 
ner without the aid of an error. The batter may or may not be 
retired at first base — that makes not a particle of difference ex- 
cept from the standpoint of whether the batter may not be 
rightly entitled to a safe hit instead of a sacrifice. But no scratch 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 27 

hit, nor any hit resulting from a full swing from the shoulder, 
can be credited as a sacrifice hit, no matter how may runners 
may be advanced. 

The point lies in the deliberate, plainly apparent effort of the 
batsman to bunt. The reason for this is that only in the bunt 
does a batter possibly invite a put-out of himself. In all cases 
where he swings hard at the ball, he is evidently trying to hit the 
ball out and if he fails, he has no right to claim the exemption 
of a time at bat, fixed as the reward of the batter who is willing 
to sacrifice his own batting record for the sake of aiding in scor- 
ing a run. 

Some scorers also have the mistaken idea that no sacrifice hit 
or fly can be credited unless the batsman is actually put out. A 
little reflection shows the fallacy of the idea, not even taking into 
consideration the positive command contained in the rules. Why 
penalize the batsman who has done well his part, because of the 
error of his opponents? 

The discrimination is necessary, however, at the advancing 
runner's end. If that runner would have been put out at the ad- 
vanced base but for the error of the opposing fielder, the batsman 
should not be credited with a sacrifice hit, for he has not fairly 
earned it. Remember that the law directs that the sacrifice is 
earned only when the bunt advances a previous runner and that 
the words : "or would so result if it were handled without error" 
refers to the batsman reaching first base only and not to the run- 
ner reaching his advanced base. 

Scorers must be thoroughly conversant with these fine dis- 
tinctions and carefully watch every play that savors of the sacri- 
fice. For players who fail to get credit in the score for sacrifice 
hits made, or who are charged a time at bat upon a sacrifice hit 
or fly, are apt to show some annoyance. 

PROBLEMS 

(28) On hit-and-run signal batsman bunts, advancing runner from first 
to second and beating throw to catch him at first. 

(29) (a) Runners on third and first when batsman hits long fly to right 
fielder, who makes fly catch. Runner holds third until catch is made, then 
scores. (b) In similar case, right fielder allows ball to drop through his 
hands. 

(30) Runners on second and first when batsman bunts to pitcher. 
Throw to third baseman retires runner advancing from second to third, 
but runner advances from first to second and batsman is safe at first. 

(31) On hit-and-run signal batsman hits ball hard to third baseman and 
is thrown out at first, runner who had been on first advancing to second. 

(32) Runner on second when batsman bunts toward third base. Pitcher 
fields ball and turns to throw to third, but determines that it is too late to 
catch rvinner coming up from second. Turning to throw to first, he finds 
that it is too late then to catch batsman. 

(33) With runner on second batsman hits fly to right field. Runner 
advances legally to third on the fly-out. 



28 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBEABY. 

(34) Runner on third, batter hits fly to centre field. Runner is thrown 
out at plate trying to score. 

(35) Runner on third and, on squeeze-play signal, batsman bunts to 
pitcher and is thrown out at first, runner scoring. 

(36) (a) Runner on first when batsman bunts to pitcher. Pitcher throws 
to shortstop, which forces runner at second. (b) Shortstop drops throw 
and runner is safe. 

(S?) Runners on first and second when batsman bunts to first baseman. 
First baseman deems it too late to catch either runner and batsman has 
crossed the bag before his throw reaches second baseman, who has covered 
first. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



FIELDER'S CHOICE AND FORCE HIT 

To most amateur scorers the Fielder's Choice is a vague some- 
thing, the mysteries of which they are unable to fathom, while 
the Force Hit is often confused with the Force. Neither feature 
should present great difficulties. 

The Fielder's Choice is only vague because it is a sort of un- 
written feature of scoring. Indeed, it may rightly be classed as 
the nearest thing to nonentity included in the general scheme of 
scoring. The scorer should aim to correctly gauge the meaning 
of the term — that done, its application will be a very simple 
proposition. 

A Fielder's Choice is any occasion upon which a fielder has the 
choice of two or more plays, either of which should afford a 
reasonable chance of putting an opponent out. Whether the put- 
out the fielder elects to make actually results or not, has no effect 
upon the character of the play. It remains a Fielder's Choice. 
In practical scoring a Fielder's Choice is entirely disregarded as 
a matter of record, except when it becomes necessary to indicate 
how a batter reached first base unaided by a base-hit, a force, an 
error or a pass. 

The Fielder's Choice almost invariably arises from the laudable 
desire on the part of the fielder to put out a runner farther ad- 
vanced on the base circuit, even though that chance is recognized 
as more difficult than the natural one of retiring the batter at 
first base. 

The Fielder's Choice and the Force Hit are closely allied be- 
cause a Force Hit is always a Fielder's Choice. In other words, 
where a Fielder's Choice is successful, a Force Hit results and 
the batter is recorded as having reached first on the Force Hit. 
When the Fielder's Choice fails, there is necessarily no put-out 
and the batter must be designated as having reached first on the 
Fielder's Choice. 

The difference between the Force Hit and the Force, should be 
clearly understood. The Force Hit embraces all cases where the 
attempt of a batsman results in the put-out of a base runner on 
any base at the time the batsman hit the ball. The Force is 
limited to such put-outs as result from the enforced attempt of a 
base runner to advance. 

To illustrate : A runner may be on second base when the bats- 
man hits to the shortstop. A shortstop may have an easy chance 



30 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

to retire the batsman by the throw to first, but he elects rather 
the chance to retire the runner who had been on second and is 
now trying to either reach third or to regain second in safety. 
The act of the shortstop is a Fielder's Choice. Should his en- 
deavor to put out the runner who was on second prove success- 
ful, the batsman is recorded as reaching first on a Force Hit. 
Should the shortstop's effort prove unsuccessful, the batsman is 
recorded as having reached first on a Fielder's Choice. 

The scorer should be alert in such cases to note whether the 
batter would surely have been out, with perfect play, had the 
cfTort been directed at him. If it is evident that he would have 
reached first before the ball, or if even reasonable doubt exists, 
the play ceases to be a Fielder's Choice and, if the runner who 
had been on second advances or remains safe on second with 
perfect play directed at him, the batsman must be credited with a 
safe hit. 

Again, let us suppose the runner is on first base when the bats- 
man hits to the shortstop. The shortstop, disregarding the ap- 
parently easy play on the batsman, elects to throw to the second 
baseman to put out the runner going down from first. This also 
is a Fielder's Choice and it is a Force Hit if successful. But it 
is even more — a Force, because the runner who had been on first 
was compelled to make the attempt to reach second base. If the 
runner is fortunate enough to reach second, even despite perfect 
play, the batsman is regarded as having reached first on the 
Fielder's Choice, provided, of course, it is evident that he would 
have been put out at first had the play been directed at him. 

The Fielder's Choice and the Force Hit may arise from any 
kind of effort made by the batsman — a hard .swing, a bunt, a 
scratch, or even a fly. The manner in which the batsman en- 
deavors to hit the ball has nothing to do with the case. The one 
principle upon which the Fielder's Choice centers is the election, 
or choice of the fielder to endeavor to put out a runner farther 
advanced, when it is apparent that the easier chance would have 
been to put out the batsman at first base. 

Nor has the Fielder's Choice any bearing whatever upon 
whether the batsman shall be charged with a time at bat. He 
may, or may not be, governed entirely by the ordinary rules that 
apply to that feature. 

The scorer must also bear in mind that a Force can only 
originate from a fair batted ball not caught on the fly. Nothing 
but such fair batted ball and all bases behind occupied can com- 
pel or force a runner to relinquish his hold upon a base. If a 
runner on a base behind advances under any other circumstances, 
either through ignorance or carelessness, the runner occupying 
the advanced base is not compelled to vacate that base. In case 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 31 

two runners endeavor to occupy the same base at the same time, 
the one farther advanced is the one legally entitled to the base. 

PROBLEMS. 

(38) Batter hits sharply to second baseman, who is "playing in," as 
runner is on third base. Second baseman has easy chance to retire bats- 
man, but throws to catcher, runner sliding safely under. 

(39) Batsman bunts to first baseman, who throws to shortstop, putting 
out runner who had been on first base. 

(40) Batsman scratches to pitcher, who throws to third baseman, putting 
out runner coming up from second, first base having been unoccupied when 
batsman hit ball. 

(41) Batsman pops up fly to shortstop with first base alone occupied. 
Shortstop drops ball, but recovers it and touches second before runner on 
first can reach bag. 

(42) Batsman hits sharply to shortstop, who touches runner going up to 
third (first base is unoccupied) and throws to first too late to retire 
batsman. 

(43) Batsman hits fly to left fielder, who drops ball, but throws to third 
in time to retire runner going up from second. 

(44) i\Ian on second when batsman attempts to sacrifice by bunting 
toward third base. Pitcher fields ball but, turning to third, he finds no 
one covering. Turning next to first, he finds that the batsman has beaten 
any throw he could make. 

(45) Runner on third when batsman hits sharp grounder to pitcher on 
line between home plate and first base. Pitcher turns to throw to catcher, 
believing runner on third would endeavor to score, but finds that runner 
remains at third. Turning to first, he finds batsman safe there. 

(46) \\'ith bases filled, batsman bunts to second baseman. Force at 
econd or put-out at first very easy, but second baseman throws home to 
ut off run. Throw to first is too slow and run scores, all others safe also. 



82 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



PUT-OUTS AND ASSISTS 

Crediting the put-outs and assists to which the fielders are 
entitled will keep the scorer pretty well occupied during the 
game. One of the simplest duties apparently, the scorer will find 
that it is easy to go astray unless the watchword "vigilance'' is 
nailed to the mast. In the natural order of sequence, the assists 
v'.evelop first. An assist must be credited to a fielder who touches 
the ball during a play that finally results in a put-out, or would 
so result had the ball been perfectly handled to the end of the 
play. 

Attention is called to the use of the word "touches" instead of the 
word "handles," which appears in the regular code. The accepted 
definition of the word "handles" in this case has come, by long 
usage, to be ''touches" or "whom the ball touches." Were this not the 
case, the fielder who is even involuntarily hit, or brushed, or merely 
touched by the ball would not be given an assist, as has been the 
custom for many years, should the b:ill continue to some other 
fielder's hands and result in the putting out of the batsman or of a 
base runner. 

This is a feature that must not be overlooked by the scorer. 
To get an assist on a play that results in a put-out or would so 
result unless error prevented, the fielder does not necessarily 
have to handle the ball. If he touches the ball, or if the ball 
touches any part of his anatomy, either voluntarily or involun- 
tarily, he is entitled to an assist. A ball, hard driven from the 
bat, caroms ofif of the pitcher's shin before he can either side-step 
or raise a protecting hand. If the ball is deflected to the second 
baseman, for instance, who throws to first in time to make the 
put-out, or even should the second baseman make an imperfect 
throw, thus allowing the batsman to reach first base safely, the 
pitcher must be credited with an assist. 

Indeed, it is possible, though hardly probable, that a fielder may 
receive an assist on a fly-out. A fly ball may descend upon a 
fielder, either into his hands or upon some part of his body and 
bound off. If some other fielder is near enough to catch the ball 
before it falls to the ground an assist would have to be given to 
the first fielder, while the second gets credit for the put-out of a 
technical fly ball. It is of importance, then, for the scorer to keep 
in mind that even the involuntary touch of the ball entitles the 
fielder to an assist if the play is completed. 

It is also of the highest importance for the scorer to remem- 
ber that the play does not have to be successfully completed to 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 33 

earn an assist. Naturally, the put-cut can only be credited when 
the batsman or a base runner is put out, but the assists may be 
numerous with never a put-out on the card. 

Fully equal in importance is close attention on the part of the 
scorer, in order that he may be sure he notes every fielder who is 
entitled to fielding credit as the plays develop during the game. 

A put-out should be credited to every fielder who completes a 
play and sometimes even when he does not complete it, for the 
reason that the base runner is out automatically under the rules. 
The tendency is to eliminate the foot-note from the box score. 
Formerly it was the custom to give no credit for a put-out 
unless the put-out was actually made by the player to whom 
credit was given, explaining the shortage in the total number of 
put-outs required by a note at the bottom of the score. Of kte 
years, however, about the only foot-notes that have survived arc 
those explaining that some base runner has been hit by a batted 
ball, that a batsman has been declared out for illegally batting the 
ball, for batting out of turn, or for illegally stepping from one 
batsman's box to the other as the pitcher is ready to pitch the 
ball. Bear in mind that whenever it is at all possible, the put-out 
should be credited in the regular way. 

For instance : the batter is automatically out if he should bunt 
foul after he already has two strikes. The ball is manifestly not 
fielded, but, as the put-out is classed as a third strike, the pitcher 
should be credited with a strike-out and the catcher should be 
given the actual put-out. Credit the put-out to the catcher also 
in case a batsman bats out of turn. 

And right here the scorer may be charged to grasp the full sig- 
nificance of rule No. 51, Section 1, which declares that the bats- 
man is out if he fails to take his position at the bat in the order 
in which his name appears in the batting list, etc. For con- 
venience sake, let us say that the first batsman on the list is No. 
1, the next No. 2, and so on down to No. 9, ni regular sequence. 
No. 5 has just finished his turn at bat and, naturally, No. 6 
should come up. But through some misadvertence, No. 7 actually 
steps to the plate. This in itself is not considered an illegal act. 
No illegality is considered to have been committed until batsman 
No. 7 has completed his turn at bat — that is, until he has either 
reached first base or has been put out. Even then the illegality 
is dependent upon the opposing captain having claimed it of the 
umpire and demanded the penalty. The penalty is that No. 6 shall 
be declared out and the ball shall be credited to the catcher, inde- 
pendent of whether No. 7 reached first base or was put out in 
any way, shape or form. The scorer, under these conditions, 
should omit everything that has resulted in connection with No. 
7's turn at bat and substitute the out of No. 6 by the catcher. 
This done, No. 7 returns to bat to take his regular turn im- 



34 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

mediately unless the declared out makes the third of the half, in 
which case No. 7 is the first batsman up in the next inning. 

But an out is not necessarily declared, even though the proper 
batsman does not take his turn. Should the error be detected 
at any time before No. 7 has actually completed his turn at bat, 
No. 6 may be substituted, taking whatever handicap in the way 
of balls or strikes No. 7 may have had at the moment of exchange. 
No. 7 may even complete his turn at bat, and no penalty can be 
inflicted unless the opposing captain demands it before the first 
ball has been pitched to the next batsman. The features for the 
scorer to bear in mind regarding a batsman batting out of the 
proper order are as follows : 

Penalty can only be demanded between the time 
the improper batsman completed his turn at bat and 
before the pitcher delivers the first ball to the next 
batsman. 

Exchange of the improper batsman for the proper 
batsman can be made at any time before the im- 
proper batsman has completed his turn at bat, the 
proper batsman taking upon himself the balls and 
strikes the improper batsman has at the moment the 
exchange is made. 

If the improper batsman has completed his turn 
at bat and the pitcher has begun to pitch to the next 
batsman, no penalty can be demanded and the scorer 
must leave the proper batsman's account blank for 
that round. 

In case of a technical infield fly, the ball may drop to the 
ground absolutely untouched and yet the batsman will be declared 
out. Give the put-out to the fielder who, in your judgment, 
would have caught the fly had the effort been made to do so. 

In case of interference that prevents the put-out being made, 
give the credit in the score to the player who would evidently 
have made the put-out had the interference not prevented. 

An innovation since 1910 is the allowance of an assist and a 
put-out to the same fielder if, during a run-down, he has handled 
the ball previous to the actual put-out. Before this explicit 
declaration in the code, it was considered that the fielder who 
made the put-out received full credit for his entire performance 
during the play, no matter how many times he had handled the 
ball. The rule solons decreed otherwise, however, and if the 
same views continue to hold, it will not be long before we may 
expect the logical outcome — orders to credit a fielder with an 
assist every time he handles a ball during a run-down, even 
though two or three assists to the same same player result 
thereby. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 35 

The scorer should also have clearly in mind the procedure in a 
case already touched upon — when a runner, not compelled to ad- 
vance by a fair batted ball, finds himself upon a base already 
occupied by a preceding base runner. In such cases the runner 
who "came up from behind" is the man properly retired. The 
advanced runner is properly entitled to remain on the base and, 
when two runners are touched by the fielder under such condi- 
tions, the last runner on the bag is the only one out. In case the 
advance has been compelled by a fair batted ball, however, the 
man previously occupying the base has been forced off and is' 
retired. 

PROBLEMS. 

(47) Batted ball hits third baseman on leg, caroms off to shortstop, who 
throws ball to second baseman in time to force runner endeavoring to 
advance from first. 

(48) Batsman hits to shortstop and runner, trying to advance to third, 
is caught between bases. Ball is thrown by shortstop to third baseman, to 
shortstop, to catcher, to second baseman, to third baseman, to pitcher, to 
shortstop, who makes the put-out. 

(49) Batted ball glances off second baseman's hands and strikes runner 
advancing from first to second. Both runner and batsman reach bases 
before ball is fielded. 

(50) Batsman has two strikes when he bunts foul fly that is caught by 
third baseman. 

(51) Batsman hits to second baseman who is in act of fielding ball as 
runner advancing from first to second collides, causing second baseman to 
drop ball. 

(52) Batsman hits fly to outfielder, which is dropped. Ball is recovered 
in time to (a) put out previous runner advancing from first to second, by 
throw to shortstop. (b) To put out batsman trying to reach second on 
the hit. 

(53) Ball hit to pitcher who has raced with batsman for first base, beating 
him by narrow margin. 

(54) With two strikes, batsman bunts foul along first base line, (a) Ball 
fielded by first baseman. (b) No effort made to field ball. 

(55) Batsman fourth on list comes to bat when it is No. 3's turn. Im- 
proper batsman has two strikes and two balls when error is discovered and 
batsman is replaced by No. 3. 

(56) Batsman hits fly to right fielder. Ball is dropped, but recovered in 
time to make throw to first base that would have put out batsman had first 
baseman not dropped the throw. 

(57) Batsman hits ball that strikes runner advancing from second to third. 

(58) Batsman No. 6 on list bats after No. 4, and the mistake is not 
discovered until batsman No. 7 is taking his turn at bat. No. 6 has made a 
safe hit and is on second. Demand made that No. 5 shall be declared out. 

(59) Runners on first, second and third and none out when batsman pops 
up a fly over pitcher's slab. Pitcher gives way to first baseman, but neither 
catches ball and it drops to the ground, no runner advancing, with original 
runner and batsman both on first base. 

(60) Run-down between third and the plate brings following exchange of 
throws: Shortstop to catcher, to third baseman, to catcher, to pitcher, to 
first baseman, to third baseman, who drops ball and allows runner to slide 
back safely to third base. Meanwhile, however, a runner who had been on 
first, has advanced to second and to third, so that the runner previously there 
finds the base occupied when the dropping of the ball by the third baseman 
allows him to return safely. Third baseman recovers the ball and touches 
both runners while standing upon the base. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



TIMES AT BAT 

The scorer will find the average player peculiarly sensitive re- 
garding the correctness of his charges for times at bat. While 
the player is keen enough to demand perfection from others in 
every matter that concerns himself, in none is he more keen than 
in the feature of batting record — his "stock in trade," as he is 
wont to term it. Now the batting record is as much dependent 
upon the times at bat charged up as upon the number of base 
hits credited and, unfortunately, the careless scorer is more apt 
to increase the batsman's number of times at bat than to decrease 
them — a failing that will bring the wrath of the player upon 
his head. 

It is of great importance, therefore, that the scorer shall clearly 
understand and keep ever in mind, when making his extensions, 
just what situations call for an exemption of the batsman from a 
time at bat. These situations are as follows : 

When the batter has — 

Received a base on balls. 

Been hit by a pitched ball. 

Been sent to first because of interference by the 

catcher. 
Made a sacrifice hit. 
Made a sacrifice fly. 

The list does not include many items, nor is the matter at all 
complicated. The chief demand upon the scorer in fulfilling this 
part of his duties correctly, is to "keep his mind upon his num- 
ber." He must neither forget to keep his record so that the 
foregoing exceptions will be plainly apparent in each man's box 
when entitled to them and he must not overlook their presence in 
making the extensions. 

It is because these exemptions are granted that the novice 
wonders greatly why the batter appearing high up on the team's 
list may be charged in the box score with perhaps but two times 
at bat while a batsman lower down in the list may have been 
up four times, or possibly five times. The explanation is very 
simple. The batsman higher up on the list has appeared at the 
plate to take his turn at bat as often as his turn came around in 
natural sequence, but the result of his efforts while at bat will 
include one or more features in the exemption list and con- 
sequently he is extended as technically at bat fewer times than 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 37 

another batter, without exemptions, who might have been ex- 
pected to have been at bat one less time than the batsman higher 
up on the Hst. 

The reasons for the exemption are fair enough : In the case 
of a "pass" by a base on balls, being hit by the pitcher, or 
getting first by reason of the catcher's interference, the batsman 
has not had a fair chance to earn a base-hit. Consequently there 
is no justice in making his record appear as if he had that chance. 
In the case of a sacrifice hit or fly, the batsman has earned 
the right to exemption by meritorious conduct, as it were. He 
has voluntarily relinquished his fair chance to make a safe hit, 
for the general good to the team the advancement of the runner 
will be and he should not be penalized for doing his duty. 

PROBLEMS. 
(6i) Batsman scratches to third baseman and is out at first, runner on 
first advancing to second. 

(62) Batsman bunts to pitcher who throws to shortstop, forcing runner 
advancing from first base. 

(63) Batsman, on hit-and-run-sign, hits sharply between first and second, 
but fails to get ball through. Second baseman fields ball to first, retiring 
batsman, but runner advances from first base to second. 

(64) Runner on third base when batsman sends long, but easy fly to 
left fielder. Left fielder allowed ball to slip through hands, but recovers 
it in time to throw out at second base, runner forced from first. Runner 
on third scores and batsman is safe on first. 

(65) Batsman bunts to pitcher who throws wild to first base. Runner 
on second base scores and batsman reaches second safely. 

(66) Batsman bunts in front of the plate. Catcher fields ball, throwing 
to third base in time to retire runner advancing from second. Runner 
advances from first to second and batsman is safe on first. 

(67) With runner on third and one out, batsman bunts on "squeeze- 
play" signal. Batsman is thrown out at first, runner scoring from third. 

(68) Batsman bunts to second baseman, who throws to shortstop at 
second. Close play results, on which runner advancing from first is 
declared safe. Batsman is also safe at first. 

(69) Batsman bunts to pitcher, who throws to shortstop apparently 
standing on bag. Shortstop immediately throws to first, putting out bats- 
man. Umpire declares the runner advancing from first base is safe at 
second, as shortstop did not have his foot on the base when acting as pivot 
in supposed double play. 

(70) Batsman is crowded out of box by catcher as runner endeavors to 
steal home from third on regular delivery. Umpire awards batsman first base. 

(71) Batsman flies to right field, advancing runner from second to third. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC IJBRARY. 



SCORING OF RUNS 

While the scorer has nothing to do with deciding whether run- 
ners who cross the plate under peculiar conditions are allowed 
to count a run for their side, the scorer must know what the 
umpire is bound to decide according to the rules or he wiP. be 
ignorant of the real state of the score. The scorer must bear 
in mind that no run can score that crosses the plate on or dur- 
ing a play in which the third man is either forced out or put out 
before reaching first base. 

Suppose, by way of illustration, that two are out and a runner 
is on third base when the batsman hits to the shortstop a ground 
ball on which the batsman is put out by the throw to first on a 
very close play. The runner who had been on third, having a bet- 
ter start for the plate than the batsman had for first base, is mani- 
festly across the plate before the shortstop's throw that retired 
the batsman is in the first baseman's hands. The run, however, 
cannot count. 

Again, should the play have been varied merely by supposing 
the third out to be a runner forced at second, the runner from 
third could not count a run, though he may have crossed the 
plate perceptibly before the throw from second base completed the 
put-out. 

Double plays also sometimes figure when the side is retired 
thereby. It makes no difference whether the play is merely the 
one out, a double or even a triple play, if the play retires the 
side and the runner crosses the plate during it. The run dees 
not count. 

But the scorer must use discrimination, for there are numerous 
situations when the run does count if the runner crosses the 
plate before the put-out that retires the side is made. For in- 
stance : Two are out with runners on third and second when the 
batsman hits safely to right field. In endeavoring to stretch his 
hit to a two-bagger, he is put out at second base by the right 
fielder's throw to the shortstop. The runner from third base un- 
doubtedly scores, while if the runner from second crossed the 
plate before the ball was "put on" the batsman trying to reach 
second base that run counts. 

Another case in which the run is allowed to count by custom, 
but which is capable of less defense, is that scoring during a 
play that makes the third out, arising from a runner having left 
his base illegally upon a fly catch. To illustrate: A runner is 
on third base and another on second base, with one out, when 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 39 

batsman hits fly to center fielder. The runner on third b:ise holds 
the base until the catch is made, then starts for the plate. The 
runner on second base, however, started to advance the moment 
the batsman hit the ball. The centre fielder's throw to the second 
baseman results in the runner from second bemg put out before 
he can return. The runner from third is allowed to count his 
run under these circumstances, provided he crossed the plate be- 
fore the out was made at second base. 

Just why this run should be allowed to count is not apparent 
for the reason that the play partakes of the nature of a force, 
just as though the runner were compelled to advance by reason 
of a batted ball. The fact is, the batted ball has compelled the 
runner to remain where he is until the ball is caught, or, failing 
that — as in this case — to return to the base. Because the direc- 
tion of the force is inverted, it should be no less a force, and, as 
the principle of forces is that the runner is out from the moment 
the play begins, provided it is successfully completed, it is not 
apparent how the run can justly be allowed to score, even though 
the runner does cross the plate before the actual put-out is made. 
And yet custom decrees that the run shall count. 

The different principle involved can be recognized by supposing 
that in this same hypothetical case cited, the runner on second 
base holds the bag until the ball has been caught by the centre 
fielder. Then he endeavors to advance to third base and is put 
out by the centre fielders throw to the third baseman. It can 
be seen at once that there is no reason why the runner from 
third should not be allowed to score if he crosses the plate before 
the third man was out. There was nothing compulsory about the 
runner from second base advancing and the game was "wide 
open" for any play legitimately made during the period. In the 
other case, however, the other runner has illegally left second base. 
From the moment he left it he v/as an offender against the rules, from 
which he could only purge himself by his return to second base 
before the ball arrived there. He was plainly forced to return, 
just as the man on first is forced to run to second, under the rules, 
when the batsman hits a fair ball not caught on the fly. 

BLit until the rule solons recognize the demands of the force 
inverted as well as the force direct, the run under these circum- 
stances will have to be allowed. 

When the third out is made by claiming the put-out on a 
runner who "cuts" a base, the scorer must discriminate between 
whether that "cut" does or does not amount to a force out. If it 
does, no run scored can count even though it may have crossed 
the plate before the out was legally made. The now celebrated 
Merkle decision in the fall of 1907 plainly established this pre- 
cedent. In that case a runner was on third and another on first 



40 SPALDING'S ATHLE*fIC LlfeRAftlf. 

when the batsman made what would ordinarily have been a safe 
hit, had the runner on tirst carried out the letter of the rule and ad- 
vanced to second base. That run would have been the winning 
run and the game would have ended then and there, but the 
runner from first base did not deem it necessary to go through the 
formality of advancing to second base. The ball was fielded to 
that base, the runner on first base was declared to have been 
forced and the runner from third base was not allowed to count 
his run. 

Let us suppose, however, that in this same case there had been 
no runner on first base — merely the runner on third and the game 
not at an end when he crossed the plate. The batsman made his 
safe hit and continued around the circuit, cutting second base 
as he proceeded. Suppose the ball was fielded to second base and 
the out demanded, all runs would have counted that crossed 
the plate before such put-out was declared by the umpire. 

Runs cannot be scored and, in fact, no bases run when a batted 
ball hits an umpire or a runner. The only exception to this gen- 
eral rule is when the runners are compelled to advance to allow 
the batsman to take first base. 

PROBLEMS. 

(72) Runner on third and two out when batsman hits to shortstop. 
Runner crosses plate before shortstop's throw puts out batsman at first 
base. 

(73) Runner on third and two out when batsman hits to second baseman. 
Runner crosses plate before second baseman's throw to shortstop forces 
runner trying to advance from first. 

(74) Runner on second and two out when batsman hits safely to left 
field. Runner crosses plate before batsman is retired trying to stretch his 
hit to two bases. 

(75) Runner on third and runner on first, with one out, when batsman 
hits fly to right field. Runner on third holds base until fly is caught and 
crosses plate before right fielder's throw to first base puts out runner 
there, who had left base too soon. 

(76) Runner on third and runner on second, with one out. Batsman 
hits fly to left field. Runner from third crosses plate legally before runiier 
from second, legally trying to advance to third, is thrown out at third 
base. 

{77) Runners on third, second and first, with one out when technical in- 
field fly falls through second baseman's hands to ground and ball rolls a 
short distance. Runner on third makes dash for plate and runner on 
second makes dash for third. Runner on third crosses plate before 
runner from second is put ovit by second baseman's throw to third baseman. 

(78) Bases filled, with none out, when batsman hits short fly to left field. 
Runners have begun to advance when left fielder makes sensational one- 
handed catch. Runner on third touches base after ball is caught and 
crosses plate after ball is relayed to second base, putting out the runner 
there, but before the ball reaches first to complete the triple play. 

(79) Runner on third when batsman hits ball so that umpire is hit by 
batted ball. 

(80) Runners on all bases when umpire is hit by batted ball. 

(81) Runners on third and first with none out when batted ball hits 
runner going down from first to second. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 41 



THE EARNED RUN 

The Earned Run is not a factor in present-day scoring, as con- 
sideration of it was abandoned some years ago. Its variovis 
aspects during the period it was taken into account will be inter- 
esting to the scorer, however, as it is very possible that this fea- 
ture will soon find its way again into the score sheets. Already 
the signs point to a speedy re-incorporation in connection with 
determining more exactly the merits and demerits of the pitcher, 
for the consensus of opinion is that the present method of charg- 
ing games lost or of crediting games won is not a true indica- 
tion of the pitcher's every day value to his team. 

Away back in the '80's the earned run was first introduced. Its 
definition at that time was as follows : 

An earned run shall be scored every time the 
player reaches the home base unaided by errors be- 
fore chances have been offered to retire the side by 
three men. But bases on balls though summarized as 
errors, shall be credited as factors in earned runs. 
The clearest form of the earned run at that time was one that 
started on a safe hit, or a base on balls, reached second on 
a safe hit or a force to second by a base on balls, and reached 
third and home in the same way. The counting stopped abso- 
lutely, however, at the moment the side should have been re- 
tired, but was not, by reason of fielding errors. 

At the beginning of the '90's the earned run assumed this 
phase : 

An earned run shall be scored every time the player 
reaches home base unaided by errors before the 
chances have been offered to retire the side. 
The difference was the elimination of the base on balls from 
figuring in an earned run. The run was only earned when batted 
clear around the four bases, but, as in the original definition, the 
account was cut off when the side should have been retired by 
reason of fielding errors. 

Daring the year 1890 it was learned that some scorers had been 
in the habit of including stolen bases in computing earned runs 
and it was deemed wise to promulgate a caution against such 
procedure. The note was appended therefore, that the "earned 
run should not include the data of stolen bases or of bases scored 
in any other way." 

The next year — 1892 — brought more tinkering with the defini- 
tion of the earned run, which appeared in this form : 



42 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

An earned run shall be scored every time a player 
reaches the home base unaided by errors before 
chances have been offered to retire the side. If a 
base runner advances a base on a fly-out, or gains 
two bases on a single hit or on an infield fly-out, or 
on an attempted out, he shall be credited Vv'ith a stolen 
base, provided that there is a possible chance and a 
palpable effort to retire him. 

The effect of this, it will be seen, was to still further limit the 
number of earned runs. The rules of 1893 returned the earned- 
run definition to exactly the same verbiage as in 1890 and thus 
it remained during 1894, 1895 and 1896. In 1897 one more attempt 
was made to get a definition that gave satisfaction and the result 
was this: 

An earned run shall be scored every time a player 
reaches the home base by the aid of base hits only, 
before chances have been offered to retire the side. 

But the true merits of the pitcher will never be shown by the 
earned run of any definition baseball has yet known, for the 
reason that errors cannot be eliminated simply by a stroke of the 
pen, or by cutting off the account of the pitcher merely because 
errors have prevented the retirement of the side. Errors are 
as much a part of the game to be expected as base-hits and the 
pitcher's merit must be considered from a basis of what he does, 
even against a handicap of errors, as well as what he allows in 
the way of safe hits. The pitcher who can rise superior to errors, 
always more or less discouraging to a pitcher's work, is the 
pitcher who deserves the better rating. Some system of charg- 
ing runs for which the pitcher is responsible, errors or no errors, 
must be considered as the only true test of merit. 

The best test, it would seem, will be to work out a system charg- 
ing the pitcher with all runs secured by his agency, eliminating 
only such runners who would, during the inning have been put 
out on perfect play. Let a possible earned run start on a base 
on balls, a hit-by-the-pitcher, a fielding error by the pitcher or a 
safe-hit. Let that earned run be "alive" until that time when, 
should it come, the runner should have been put out and was 
not by some error other than one of the pitcher. But all other 
runs resulting from additional bases gained by fielding errors 
should be counted against the pitcher clear until the half inning 
ends. Then take the total number of runs for which he has been 
responsible duiing the season in connection with the times at bat 
of opponents and an average will be gained that will really show 
something. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 43 



DOUBLE PLAYS AND STOLEN BASES 

As strange as it may seem, there had been no specific defini- 
tion of the term "Double Plays" until the code of 1909, when the 
Baseball Writers' Association established this idea regarding the 
Double Play, having it incorporated in the rules : 

A Double Play shall mean any two continuous put- 
outs that take place between the time the ball leaves 
the pitcher's hands until it is returned to him again, 
standing in the pitcher's box. 

It was ample time, in the interests of scoring uniformity, that 
some definition of the term was evolved, for the reason that some 
scorers were placing in the summary as double plays certain 
forms of two continuous put-outs, while others were not classing 
them as double plays. The most convenient illustration is found 
in the attempted steal upon a strike-out. Many scorers would 
class this as a double play if the stealing runner was thrown out 
by the catcher, while just as many others would not regard it as 
such. The truth of the matter is that those who did not, were 
nearer the original conception of the double play than those who 
did, for the double play was originally intended to hinge upon the 
double out arising from a batted ball and from nothing else. 
For instance : If a batter forced a runner compelled to advance 
and was himself thrown out at first, or if a runner was thrown 
out at a base he illegally left upon a fly catch, a double play was 
consummated. The play manifestly hinged upon the batted ball. 

The new idea abandoned that restriction entirely and, if taken 
literally, the scorer must credit as double plays any two outs made 
between the delivery of the ball and the moment when the pitcher 
again holds the ball while standing in his position. 

The proper form of writing down a double play is "Smith, 
Jones and Brown." Many scorers seem addicted to the form of 
"Smith to Jones to Brown," which is not considered correct. 

The Baseball Writers' Association must also receive credit for 
systematizing better than ever before the plan for making uniform 
the scoring of stolen bases. The principal thing for the scorer 
to remember now is that there are important exceptions to the 
general rule that a stolen base is credited to a runner who ad- 
vances a base unaided by a base hit, a put-out, or a fielding or 
battery error. These exceptions are as follows : 



44 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 

In the event of a double or triple steal being at- 
tempted, where either runner is thrown out, the other, 
or others, shall not be credited with a stolen base. 

In the event of a base runner being touched out 
after sliding over a base, he shall not be regarded as 
having stolen the base in question. 

In event of a palpable muff of a ball thrown by the 
catcher, when the base runner is clearly blocked, the 
infielder making the muff shall be charged with an 
error and the base runner shall not be credited with 
a stolen base. 

Conversely, the base runner shall be credited with a stolen 
base in the event of his making a start to steal a base prior to a 
battery error. 

Just how the viewpoint as regards stolen bases has changed in 
thirty years can be judged from the instructions issued in the 80's, 
which were as follows : 

Bases stolen * * * shall be governed as follows : 

Any attempt to steal a base must go to the credit 
of the base runner whether the ball is thrown wild or 
muffed by the fielder; but any manifest error is to be 
charged to the fielder making the same. If the base 
runner advances another base, he shall not be 
credited with a stolen base and the fielder allowing 
the advancement shall be charged with an error. If 
a base runner makes a start and a battery error is 
made, the runner secures the credit of a stolen base 
and the battery error is scored against the player mak- 
ing it. Should a base runner over-run a base and 
then be put out, he should receive the credit for a 
stolen base. 

In 1891, the late Henry Chadwick, the editor of Spalding's 
Official Base Ball Guide, made the self-explanatory note : "This 
rule sadly needs revision, as it fails to properly describe a stolen 
base." 

The only effect perceptible, however, was the addition in 1893 
of these words : 

If a base runner advances a base on a fly-out, or 
gains two bases on a single base-hit, or an infield 
out, or an attempted out, he shall be credited with a 
stolen base, provided there is a possible chance and a 
palpable attempt made to retire him. 
This addition held for six years — until 1897 — when it was re- 
tired and the instructions restored to the original form of the 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 45 

eighties. But the next year — 1898 — the entire section was wiped 
out and there was substituted in its place this brief command : 

A stolen base shall be credited to the base runner 
whenever he reaches the base he attempts to steal un- 
aided by a fielding or by a battery error, or a hit by 
the batsman. 

So things remained for 11 years, when the Baseball Writers' 
Association took a hand and produced practically the instruc- 
tions that pertain at the present time. 

The scorer will not be allowed to credit a stolen base to a run- 
ner who may tike it upon himself to "steal backward." While 
there is nothing prohibitive in the general rules of a runner pro- 
ceeding from third to second, or from second to first, should he 
deem any better strategic position to be gained thereby, stolen 
bases are only credited when the runner ''advances." Indeed, 
though the "steal backward" has been occasionally worked in 
years gone by, of late seasons some leagues have instructed 
umpires to disallow such a play. But whether the umpire allows 
it or not, when attempted, the scorer cannot let it affect his stolen 
base record. 

PROBLEMS. 

(82) Runner on first when batsman bunts foul fly which is caught by 
third baseman. Third baseman throws to first baseman, retiring runner 
before he returns to base. 

(83) As batsman strikes out, runner on second attempts to steal third, 
but is thrown out, catcher to third baseman. 

(84) Pitcher catches runner off first base by throw to first baseman 
and he is eventually put out. During the run-down, runner on third 
attempts to score, and throw to catcher puts him out at the plate. 

(85) Batsman flies to left fielder, who throws to shortstop in time to 
catch runner from first trying to reach second. 

(86) Batsman flies out to second baseman, who throws wildly to third 
baseman in effort to catch runner off third base. Runner scores, but 
third baseman returns ball to shortstop, covering third, in time to retire 
runner endeavoring to advance from second. 

(87) Batsman fouls to catcher, who returns ball to pitcher. Pitcher, 
noting runner on first has big lead, throws to first baseman, retiring 
runner. 

(88) With first base only occupied, batsman pops up fly to second 
baseman, who drops ball, but recovers it in time to throw to shortstop, 
who touches bag and throws to first baseman, before batsman reaches base. 

(89) Runner on first starts to second as pitcher delivers wild pitch and 
runner reaches third. 

(90) Runner on second starts for third before ball is delivered. Batsman 
hits to shortstop and is thrown out at first. 

(91) Runner on first starts for second as pitcher delivers ball. Batsman 
fails to hit ball and catcher throws to shortstop, who apparently has 
caught runner until he drops the throw. 

(92) Runner on second endeavors to advance to third, which he reaches 
before third baseman receives catcher's throw. He over-slides bag, how- 
ever, and is touched by third baseman before he can get back. 



fiel 



(93) Runner on second advances to third when batsman flies to right 
'der. 



46 SrALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

(94) Runner on first advances to second and keeps on to third, as 
catclier throws to centre field. 

(95) Runner on first starts for second as pitcher delivers ball. Bats- 
man hits cleanly to right and runner continues safely to third. Batsman 
remains at first, 

(96) Runners on second and first endeavor to advance simultaneously, 
but catcher's throw to third baseman puts out runner from second. 

(97) Runners on first and second when catcher has passed ball and 
both advance. Neither had shown any evidence of advancing until passed 
ball occurs, 

(98) Runners on third and first with one out, when runner on first 
advances to second. Catcher throws down and runner on third advances 
to plate, scoring, but runner from first is put out. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 47 



MISCELLANEOUS DETAILS 

The scorer will find it necessary to be thoroughly posted on 
several matters which, while they may be classed among the "un- 
written rules" are none the less important, and without the 
knowledge of which good and uniform scoring is not. 

For instance, should a "hit-by-a-pitched-ball" be the fourth 
ball, the batter is not scored as having been hit by the pitcher, 
but as having reached first on four balls. The reason for this is 
two-fold : it lessens the labor of the scorer and it lessens the 
odium attached to the pitchmg. It lessens the labor of the 
scorer for the reason that a game rarely passes that a batsman 
does not reach first on four balls, consequently that feature of 
scoring is practically sure to be present. The additional base on 
balls, therefore, can be more readily recorded than can the hit- 
by-the-pitcher, which is rare in comparison with the base on 
balls and it may obviate the opening of an entirely new account, 
as it were, to call such a hit-by-the-pitcher a fourth ball. 

It relieves the odium upon the pitcher, because the hit-by-the- 
pitcher is less prevalent and accordingly more likely to cause the 
pitcher unfavorable notoriety if his account is large. Both 
classes of passes exempt the batsman from a charge of a time at 
bat, so it can be but a matter of indifference to him. 

While touching upon bases .on balls, the evolution of the rule 
fixing the number of bad balls necessary for a batsman to "walk" 
to first and the number of strikes necessary to retire the bats- 
man should be familiar to the scorer. 

The earliest codified rules of baseball formulated on December 
12, 1860, do not recognize "bad balls" as they are now known 
and, consequently, there was no such thing as the present day 
"base on balls." The "called strike" was recognized but a called 
strike was evidently distasteful and only resorted to as a last 
recourse. The umpire was instructed to call strikes on the 
"striker," as the batsman was then called, only in case the afore- 
said "striker" stood at the bat "without striking at good balls 
repeatedly pitched to him, for the apparent purpose of delaying 
the game or of giving advantage to a player." In that case, the 
umpire was instructed to warn the "striker" and, after that, to 
call strikes "if he persisted in such action." This was Rule 37, 
and the repeated advice to umpires to enforce the rule is an indi- 
cation that it was more often honored in the breach than in the 
observance. Of course, if the "striker" hit at three balls and 



48 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

missed, he was declared out, if the catcher caught the third de- 
livery so struck out and missed, either on the fly or on the 
bound. If the catcher did not make this catch on the fly or the 
bound, the striker was entitled, as now, to endeavor to reach first 
base before the ball could be fielded there. 

Later in the sixties the "bad ball" was recognized for the first 
time and the "striker" was authorized to "take the first base" 
when three balls had been called. The words "three balls" con- 
veyed a vastly different meaning then than now. The rule read : 
Should the pitcher repeatedly fail to deliver to the 
striker fair balls * * * the umpire, after warning 
him, shall call one ball and if the pitcher persists 
in such action, two and three balls. 

This was construed to mean that before a "ball" was called 
upon the pitcher, he must have pitched at least two practically 
bad balls, after which he should be "warned" by the umpire. 
After the warning, it was necessary for the pitcher to pitch at 
least two more practically bad balls before the umpire could 
call one technically bad ball. A little mental arithmetic shows 
that the minimum of six what are now termed "balls" had to 
be pitched in those days before the "striker" could take the first 
base on three technical "balls." The fact was, however, that the 
umpire allowed greater leeway habitually, especially in the first 
inning. The pitcher could usually pitch what would now be 
called 9 or more bad balls before the "striker" was privileged to 
"walk" to first base. 

The strike-out rule remained the same, but began to be more 
rigidly interpreted. 

In 1870 the rules were slightly changed so as to exempt the 
first ball pitched by the pitcher from being called either a ball 
or a strike unless the "striker" struck at it and missed. The 
^warning by the umpire was also eliminated, thus reducing the 
number of practical bad balls or strikes allowed the pitcher be- 
fore the technical three balls or strikes were completed on the 
"striker." 

In 1873 a material change was made in determining balls. Pro- 
vision was made for what was termed the "wide ball" — that is, 
balls delivered by the pitcher to the "striker" over the striker's 
position or on the ground in front of the home base, or touch- 
ing his person, or out of reach of hi-s bat, or on the side opposite 
to that from which the batsman strikes. Three such "wide balls," 
excepting alone the first ball delivered to the "striker" entitled 
the "striker" to take his first base. The original rule pertaining 
to taking first on bad balls was materially changed also, as it was 
provided that all balls not designated as wide balls and yet not 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 49 

sent over the home base at the proper height, should be called 
"unfairly delivered" in the proportion of one to every third ball 
so delivered. Thus, excepting "wide balls," the "striker" must 
needs have had 9 practically bad balls before being allowed to 
take first on three technically bad balls. 

The strike-out rule remained the same. 

In 1875, the exemption granted on balls and strikes to the 
first ball delivered was abrogated. 

In 1878 the rule pertaining to called strikes was amended to 
practically allow the batsman four strikes before being called 
out. This was done by instructing the umpire to call "Good 
ball" upon the delivery of the next fair ball after the batsman 
had had two strikes called and upon the next good delivery, the 
third strike. 

The next year — 1879 — saw the bad ball put on the basis it 
occupies to-day and 9 of these bad balls were allowed the pitcher 
before the batsman could "walk" to first base. 

The number of balls was reduced in 1880 to eight, and after 
more or less vicissitudes during the eighties, in 1888 five was fixed 
as the requisite number. In 1889 the qualifying number was re- 
duced to four, where it has remained ever since. 

BALKS. 
The scorer must bear in mind that under the rules now pre- 
vailing the batsman never takes first base on a balk. Only the 
base runners advance on a balk and when no base runners are 
on bases, there can be no technical balk. The rules say that a 
balk shall be : 

1. Any motion made by the pitcher while in posi- 
tion to deliver the ball to the bat without delivering 
it, or to throw to first base when occupied by a base 
runner, without completing the throw. 

2. Throwing the ball by the pitcher to any base to 
catch the base runner without stepping directly 
toward such a base in the act of making such throw. 

3. Any delivery of the ball to the bat by the pitcher 
while either foot is back of the pitcher's plate. 

4. Any delivery of the ball to the bat by the pitcher 
while he is not facing the batsman. 

5. Any motion in delivering the ball to the bat by 
the pitcher while not in the position defined by Rule 
30. 

6. Holding of the ball by the pitcher so long as, in 
the opinion of the umpire, to unnecessarily delay the 
game. 



60 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

7. Making any motion to pitch while standing in 
his position without having the ball in his posses- 
sion. 

8. Making any motion of the arm, shoulder, hip 
or body the pitcher habitually makes in his method 
of delivery without immediately delivering the ball 
to the bat. 

9. Delivery of the ball to the bat when the catcher 
is standing outside the lines of the catcher's position 
as defined in Rule 3. 

It can readily be seen that a balk need not necessarily occur 
from a delivery of the ball to the batsman — the only possible 
way in which it could affect the batsman by being called a 
technical "ball." If a balk is called from causes 1, 2, 7 or 8, it 
is impossible for the batsman to be affected. If from causes 3, 
4, 5 or 9, the batsman is affected if the umpire calls a "ball." 
If it should happen to be the batsman's fourth "ball" he proceeds 
to first base.- If from cause 6, the batsman may be affected, for 
while the ball may not be delivered, the umpire is empowered 
by the rules to call a "ball." 

The principal thing for the scorer to remember is that if the 
fourth ball is called on a balk, the batsman is recorded as hav- 
ing reached first base on the fourth ball and not on the balk. 

FIRST BASE ON ERRORS. 
A first base on errors should be scored when the batsman is 
able to start his round by reason of a fielding error made on the 
ball the batsman hit. While strict reasoning might urge a "first- 
on-errors" to be charged when a batsman reaches first base in 
any way after the catcher or other fielder had dropped a foul 
fly offered by that batsman, it is not customary to do so. The 
batsman has practically reached first because that error was com- 
mitted during his term at bat, but it is not classed in the 
province of technical "first-on-errors." So, again, when a bats- 
man forces an advanced runner, but the advanced runner is saved 
by a fielding error, it might be reasoned that a "first-on-errors" 
should be charged, but it is not. The scorer should remember 
that only in case the play is made at first base, on the bats- 
man and on the ball batted by the batsman, is the technical 
"first-on-errors" charged in the score if the batsman is "saved" 
by the commission of a fielding error. 

SUBSTITUTE RUNNERS. 
In case a substitute runner is put in for the runner on the 
score card, the scorer must learn whether the substitute is a 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 51 

temporary man, allowed by permission of the opposing team, or 
whether he is a new player, temporarily or permanently injected 
into the game. The scorer must know, because on that knowl- 
edge depends whether the scorer is to credit any bases stolen, or 
runs scored by the substitute, to the original player or to the 
substitute. 

The substitute runner never appears until the batsman has 
reached at least first base. Should the captain of the batsman's 
team decide for any reason that it will be to the advantage of his 
team to have a runner substituted for him he has two alter- 
natives : 

First — A player already in the lineup may be chosen to do the 
running, but only with the consent of the captain of the oppos- 
ing team. If such a player is chosen and accepted by the oppos- 
ing captain, any bases he may steal or run he may score, are 
credited to the regular batsman whose place he has temporarily 
taken and after the run is scored or the half-inning is closed, the 
substitute goes to his own position, while the player for whom 
he substituted is privileged to return to his former duties. 

Second — A player from the bench, that is, a player who has 
not been heretofore in the lineup, may be substituted for the 
runner. In that case no permission has to be gained from the 
opposing captain, the original runner is out of the remainder of 
the game and the substitute becomes a regular player and as 
such is to be credited with any bases he may steal or the run, if 
he scores. At the conclusion of the half-inning he may take the 
fielding place of the player whom he replaced, or he may, in 
turn, be replaced by another substitute. 

Generally speaking, the scorer may be guided by whether the 
substitute is one of the players already in the lineup. If he is, 
disregard him except for a footnote, which may be made, ex- 
plaining that " ran for in the inning." 



52 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



CREDITING OR CHARGING THE PITCHER 

One of the principal methods for many years of determining 
a pitcher's ability has been by the number of games he has won 
and lost during each season. Dissatisfaction has been growing 
over the fact that this is the principal means of determining so 
important a matter because in many cases it does not represent 
the pitcher's real value. But with that this volume has nothing 
to do. 

No mechanical difficulty presents itself when only one pitcher 
appears for each team, but when two or more pitchers are used 
by one of the teams, the scorer is often puzzled to know which 
may more justly be credited with a victory or charged with a 
loss, as results may compel. No set rules have even been formu- 
lated, for no set of rules can cover all of the multitudinous aspects 
of games that may develop. The scorer can only be guided by 
common sense in reaching his decision — ^common sense, added to 
the underlying principles that may be said to govern. Indeed, 
there is more need for the exercise of common sense in this 
particular feature than in any other department of scoring, not 
even excepting that other delicate task, discriminating between 
the base-hit and the error. 

The scorer should take into consideration the following points : 

1. The number of innings each pitcher works. 

2. The comparative state of the score when the 
first pitcher gave way to his successor, the subse- 
quent state of the score during the play and the final 
score. 

3. The number of hands out and the number of 
runners on bases, if any, at the moment when the 
substitution was made, if it occurred in mid-inning. 

With these things in view, the scorer should wei^h results at- 
tributable to each pitcher with a view to establishmg clearly in 
his own mind which was the more responsible for the final result 
of the game. His recommendation — he can never do more than 
recommend, as the secretary or president of the league compiles 
officially the number of games each pitcher wins or loses during 
the season— should be based on the conclusion he reaches after 
a careful study of all the various aspects of the game. 

Tihe nearest to a set of rules on the subject that can be 
codified may be formulated as follows : 

If the pitcher who first works has been taken out 
after the fifth inning has been reached, at the close 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

of the half-inning and the score is in favor of his 
team, if the game is won, without being tied at any 
stage of the game, credit the first pitcher with the 
victory. If the game is lost, charge the second 
pitcher. 

If the pitcher who first works has been taken out 
at the end of a half-inning before the fifth inning 
has been reached, if the number of runs made by 
his team up to that time proves greater than the 
final score of his opponents, credit the first pitcher 
■wtih the victory. If the runs made by his team after 
the first pitcher retires were necessary to cause the 
team to win, credit the second pitcher with the 
victory or charge him with the loss, as the final 
result may demand. 

If the pitcher who first works has been taken out 
in mid-inning at any stage of the game, charge any 
runs scored by runners who may be on bases when 
the first pitcher retires, to the first pitcher and then 
compute according to the first or second of the fore- 
going paragraphs, as the case may demand. 

If the first pitcher has been taken out at the end 
of any half-inning whether it is the first or last part 
of the game and the score is a tie, the second pitcher 
is credited with a victory or charged with a loss, as 
the final score may demand. 

If the pitcher who first works has been taken out 
at any stage of the game with the comparative score 
in favor of his opponents, should the game be event- 
ually won by his team, credit must be to the second 
pitcher. Should the game be lost, the first pitcher is 
charged with the loss. The only exception to this 
rule that might be noted is that should the team 
make during its next term at bat sufficient runs to 
either tie or forge ahead, the tie or advantage must 
be credited to the first pitcher, even though a substi- 
tute batsman has been used for him, indicating that 
the pitcher is out of the game entirely. 

If the pitcher who first works retires with the score 
against his team, a second pitcher fails to improve 
conditions and a third pitcher is finally used with 
the result that the game is eventually lost, the charge 
of the loss must be made against the first pitcher who 
worked. If, however, the score is at any time tied 
or his team forges ahead of its opponents, the ac- 
count is supposed to begin afresh from such time 
the score is tied or bettered. 



64 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

In this connection the scorer will be benfitted by the rules 
observed by Mr. John A. Heydler, for many years secretary of 
the National League and at one time its president, than whom 
no more eminent authority on properly crediting or charging 
pitchers can be quoted. Mr. Heydler gave his views on the 
subject to the author of this volume a short time ago and they 
are herewith printed for the first time : 

A pitcher relieving another must have an abso- 
lutely equal chance, in fact, he is entitled to any shade 
of benefit, as he is the only player not warmed or 
keyed up to contesting edge. 

If he finds runners on the bases when he takes 
command and he cannot prevent them from scoring, 
these runs must be charged to his predecessors. 

If he starts on equal innings with the score a tie, 
the preceding pitcher is eliminated. It is a new game, 
so far as the new pitcher is concerned. If this 
occurs in the eighth inning, his team may win for 
him in the very next inning. That is his fortune, 
for he could lose in that one inning just as easily. 
This method often appears unjust to the man who 
pitched the greater part of the game, but in the long 
run of the season these short-game credits usually 
equalize themselves. I lean toward the pitcher who 
is always around and ready to jump in and save a 
game. 

Here is one that does look bad : A sixteen-inning 
game with the final score 1 to 0. In the twelfth in- 
ning the first pitcher has been taken out to allow a 
substitute to bat. The game goes for four innings 
and the second pitcher gets credit for the game. A 
hardship for the first pitcher, no doubt, but how 
about the opposing pitcher, who is also "there" for 
15 innings and he may have lost by some fluke in 
the sixteenth? Fine work for a "zero" in the aver- 
ages. But these are isolated cases. The rule is 
for the many. 

Another muchly discussed matter is the award of 
the game to a pitcher who is retired with a score in 
his favor. I seldom give the first pitcher credit for 
winning unless he has pitched at least five innings. 
I make an exception, of course, where the score is 
overwhelmingly in his favor in the first few innings 
and his retirement is plainly to save him for 
another game. In such cases I weigh all the con- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 55 

ditions and usually rely on the judgment of the 
official scorer who is on the ground and knows all 
the circumstances leading up to the pitcher's retire- 
ment. Where a pitcher is relieved by a substitute 
batsman, I usually give him the benefit of the bats- 
man's work and I also endeavor to give the retiring 
pitcher an inning of batting for every inning he 
pitches. For instance: He is taken out after pitch- 
ing seven innings against the visiting team. He is 
then entitled to the result of his team's turn at bat 
in that inning. 

The scorer is advised not to bother with this question any 
more than he is disposed from curiosity, as the doom of the 
"games won and games lost" system is already sealed and in a 
very short time this will be but a disquieting memory — a night- 
mare of past seasons. 

PROBLEMS. 

(99) Pitcher removed in eighth with score 5 to 3 in his favor, two out 
and bases filled. Next batter makes a hit and ties score. Game is finally 
won by first pitcher's team, 6 to 5. 

(100) First pitcher has pitched six innings when he is compelled to retire 
because of being hit on the arm by opposing pitcher while at bat. Score is 

3 to 2 in his team's favor when he retires. Second pitcher allows one run 
in seventh inning, tying the score, and worked until the fourteenth inning, 
when his team won, 4 to 3. 

(loi) Pitcher who first worked is ordered out of game by the umpire at 
the end of the sixth inning, with score 2 to o in his favor. Second pitcher 
works until the end of the ninth, when he retires with score 2 to 2. Third 
pitcher works for two innings and game ends 3 to 2 in his favor. 

(102) First pitcher was taken out at end of fourth inning, with score 4 
to o against him. Second pitcher succeeds in having score tied in eighth 
inning, but his team eventually, loses, 9 to 5. 

(103) First pitcher is taken out at end of second inning with score 2 to o 
in his favor. Second pitcher works for seven innings and final score is 5 to 
1 in his favor. 

(104) First pitcher retires at end of third inning with score 4 to 3 in 
his favor. Second pitcher works for six innings and final result is 7 to 5 
in his favor. 

(105) First pitcher retires at end of sixth inning with score 3 to 2 against 
him. Second pitcher retired by umpire during eighth inning with score 5 to 

4 in his favor. Third pitcher works remainder of game, which ends 6 to 5 
against him. 

(106) First pitcher retires at end of fifth with score i to o in his favor. 
Second pitcher retires at end of seventh with score 3 to i against him. 
Third pitcher finished game, which results 4 to 3 in his favor. 

(107) First pitcher retires in middle of sixth, with score 4 to 3 in his 
favor. Only one is out and two runners are on bases. Both runners score 
before side is retired. Game is finally won, 7 to 5. 

(108) First pitcher is retired at end of first inning with score 9 to o in 
his team's favor. Second pitcher finished full game, final score 14 to 8 in 
his favor. 

(109) First pitcher retired in middle of first inning with score 3 to 
against him. Second pitcher retires at end of eighth with score 14 to 3 in 
his favor. Third pitcher pitches last inning and gaine ends 14 to 6 in his 
favor. 



56 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 



ABRUPT TERMINATIONS 

Occasionally the scorer finds himself up against the unusual 
problem of whether to include or omit from the score the hap- 
penings of the uncompleted portion of the last inning or half- 
inning, when play has been abruptly stopped mid-inning by the 
elements, or by pre,vious agreement. 

A "regulation" game is supposed to naturally extend at least 
nine full innings, but in case the home team — ^^almost invariably 
the last team at bat — has made more runs in its eight turns at 
bat than its opponents have in their nine, the eight and one-half 
innings are conceded to be a full nine-inning game. Should the 
nine complete innings be played and the two teams remain a tie, 
it IS customary to continue play until one team or the other 
forges ahead on even innings, or the umpire decrees that play is 
no longer advisable. Though tie games can not, of course, count 
as games won or lost in the cumulative standing of tearns, every 
act is retained in the permanent record of the players taking part. 
The detailed score of a tie game is just as important from the 
scorer's standpoint as that obtained from one that goes to a 
definite decision. 

The game may not last nine, or even eight and one-half in- 
nings and yet be regarded as "regulation." "No game"- is de- 
dared if a contest is less than five full innings' duration, or — 
taking into account the same principle that shortens the nine- 
inning game to eight and one-half — unless four and one-half 
innings have been played. 

The third provision of Rule 22 makes it possible to stop a 
game before the minimum of five, or four and one-half innings, 
has been reached, "if the game be called by the umpire, on ac- 
count of darkness, rain, fire, panic or for other causes which put 
patrons or players in peril." In case of abrupt stoppage before 
the game has extended the legal limit, the umpire must postpone 
play for a maximum of 30 minutes. If in his judgment play can 
proceed then, or at any time previous to that limit, well and 
good. If not, the contest is over. 

The scorer need not preserve any record of games that do not 
extend to the regulation limit. Should a game last for four and 
two-thirds innings under conditions that make it necessary for 
five full innings to be played, it is "no game" and the individual 
records taken are not made permanent. It is the "regulation" 
game that ends abruptly mid-inning or during or at the end of 
the first half of an inning that calls for discretion as to whether 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 57 

the record made since the conclusion of the last even inning shall 
be erased or shall remain as it stands. 

The general and only rule on the subject is Rule 25, which 
reads as follows : 

If the umpire calls the game in accordance with 
Rule 22, Section 3, at any time after five innings 
have been completed, the score shall be that of the 
last equal innings played, except that if the side 
second at bat shall have scored in an unequal num- 
ber of innings or before the completion of the un- 
finished inning, at least one more than the side 
first at bat, the score of the game shall be the total 
number of runs each team has made. 
Concisely, this means that if the side last at bat is ahead when 
the game is called, even though the team has not had its com- 
plete turn at bat, the score is retained up to the last second of 
play. Conversely, if the team last at bat is behind in the com- 
parative score, all of the unfinished inning is wiped off the slate. 
It has been the custom, however, to construe the rules broadly 
enough to include a tie. That is, if the team last at bat suc- 
ceeds in tying the score during the portion of the inning played, 
the score shall remain a tie and every individual record stands, 
rather than to allow the score to revert to the last even innings, 
if such reversion would cause the team last at bat to lose. 

PROBLEMS. 

(no) First team at bat scored one run in early part of game, and com- 
pleted its half of sixth with score i to o in its favor. During last half of 
sixth team last at bat scored one run, tying score and with no one out, 
rain stopped game. 

(ill) Team first at bat had been blanked for 7 innings. Team last at bat 
began last half of seventh with score 3 to o in its favor. During seventh 
it scored one run and, with one out and three on bases, game was called by 
previous agreement to stop at a certain time. 

(112) Team first at bat begins sixth inning with score 4 to 5 against it, 
but makes three runs in its half, putting score 7 to 5 in its favor. Team 
last at bat scores no run and two are out when rain stops game. 

(113) Team first at bat has score of 3 to 2 against it at end of eighth 
inning. It scores two runs in first half of ninth, making score 4 to 3 in its 
favor at beginning of last half of ninth. Team last at bat scores one run, 
tying score, and has one runner on base with one out when rain stops play. 

(114) Team first at bat ends seventh turn at bat with score 4 to 3 in its 
favor. Team last at bat scores one run with two out in last half of seventh 
when darkness causes play to stop. 

(115) Team first at bat begins seventh inning with score 8 to o in its 
favor and adds three more runs in first half of seventh, making score 11 to 
o in its favor. Team last at bat scores nine runs in its half of seventh, has 
bases filled and one out when play is stopped by previous time agreement. 

(116) Team first at bat begins seventh inning with score 3 to 2 in its 
favor, adding one more run in first half of seventh, making score 4 to 2 in 
its favor. Team last at bat scores two runs, and game is called on account 
of rain, with none out and none on bases. 



58 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



MAKING UP THE BOX SCORE 

The scorer should provide himself before play begins with a 
scorer's blank book, a blank score sheet and either a fine-pointed 
fountain pen in good working order or a couple of "hard"' 
pencils, well pointed. If pencils are used, it would be well to 
have handy the means of renewing a broken or dulled point. 
The scorer cannot expect to do good work mechanically with im- 
proper or inferior tools, any more than the player can do good 
work unless provided with suitable bat, glove and shoes. 

The correct Hneup of both teams and position of players should 
be learned and filled in the proper lines on the score blank before 
play begins. If two players appear with names spelled exactly 
alike, they should be distinguished by their initials or by their 
entire first names, if necessary. This is important. Do not fill 
in the names on the box score sheet until after the game is over, 
or at least until near its end, for the reason that changes may 
occur up to the last minute — changes that would jeopardize both 
neatness and accuracy were the lines already filled in. The 
scorer should be thoroughly prepared in all these details before 
the first batter comes to bat, so that he can fix his entire atten- 
tion upon the play from the time it begins until it ends. 

Scorers will find that Spalding's Official Base Ball Score Book, 
devised by Mr. Jacob Morse and the system set forth in it for 
recording plays in the briefest intelligent form, will be what he 
needs for perfect mechanical work. The scorer should go about 
his duties with the same idea as the stenographer — to record 
matters he should record in the briefest, quickest way possible 
and yet so clearly that he can refer to his records years after- 
ward and be able to detail how each player performed during that 
game at bat, on bases and at his position. 

Every base a player reaches from the time he steps up to the 
bat and either scores or is "left," must be clearly set forth. Even 
the direction in which the batsman hits the ball should be re- 
corded. Every fly ball and ground ball should be distinguished. 
Every "out" should be located and if two or more fielders have 
a hand in it, even the sequence in which those fielders figure 
should be easily comprehended. If an error occurs, not only the 
player who made the error and the particular kind of misplay — 
that is, dropped fly or throw, fumble or bad throw — but the prog- 
ress of the play up to the time the errpr was committed should 
be shown. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 59 

The efficient scorer will find that his duties are not light, evei: 
mechanically. Satisfied that he is correctly posted on what player 
is at every position and on what player is at bat every moment 
of the game, he should follow the course of the ball to gain a 
correct understanding of how the batsman is either retired or 
reaches first and, when one or more runners are on bases he 
should have an eye to them to note their advancement. Every 
bit of play that requires recording should be set down immedi- 
ately. Delays are dangerous for many reasons. 

Until the scorer has gained mechanical proficiency by experi- 
ence it is not advisable for him to take up the box score sheet 
until the play is entirely over. Far better at the start for him to 
concentrate his attention upon recording every detail in the score 
book and to fill out the box score sheet in its entirety at his 
leisure from the score book. The first step toward simultaneous 
work of this sort may be taken in recording upon the box score 
sheet such features as extra base hits, passed balls, double or 
triple plays, first base on errors, batters given bases on balls or 
struck out, wild pitches and balks, the names of the umpires and 
the score by innings. 

Error is liable to creep in if the scorer attempts, until he has 
thoroughly mastered the art, to record on his box score sheet as 
the game progresses the times each batter has been at bat, base 
hits or runs and the number of put-outs, assists and errors for 
each fielder. Far better to leave these details for careful reckon- 
ing later, in quietude and without haste. It is not impossible for 
the expert to have his box score entirely completed with absolute 
correctness a moment after the final play, but we would advise 
that such feats should be left for occasions when necessity makes 
them compulsory. 

In the accompanying tables the endeavor has been made to 
show procedure and what should be accomplished, rather than 
any particular method of accomplishment. In order that the 
beginner may understand, all recognized expert symbols have 
been discarded and plays have been registered either by initials 
or by base numbers, with a view of calling attention to the 
proper sequence of mechanical duties. Let us go systematically 
through the course of the game indicated by plates on the fol- 
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62 . SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Plrst Inning — The scorer has, to begin with, only his blank 
page in the score book. Before the game .begins he has entered 
the lineup, with the position of each man on both teams. Origin- 
ally the names of the Oriole team extended only as far as 
Adkins. The Ex-Orioles went no farther than Hoffer's name. 
The Orioles bat first. As play is called, glance at the watch and 
note the exact time. Glance at the Ex-Orioles in the field and 
see that the positions and names are recorded correctly. Another 
glance assures that Hall is up, as should be. He strikes out. 
If you are extending your put-outs on your score book immedi- 
ately, indicate the put-out for the catcher by means of a dot. Do 
not fail to record in the summary of the box score sheet the 
credit of a strike-out for Hoffer and that it was Hall who struck 
out. Kelly makes a single to left and would have been put out 
trying to stretch the hit to a double had not Doyle dropped Kelly's 
throw. The single should be properly marked in the B. H. 
column, showing by the exponent that it was made in the first 
inning. Note that Kelly gets an assist, extending it at once, if 
you are pursuing that method, by means of the regulation dot. 
Extend also immediately the error against Doyle, indicating by 
the exponent that it occurred in the first inning and by the 
"D-T" that it was a dropped throw. O'Hara scratches in front 
of the plate, permitting the catcher to field the ball to the third 
baseman, who puts out Kelly going up from second. O'Hara is 
accordingly marked as having reached first on a Force Hit, to be 
left on first when Hearne fouls out to the catcher. 

Now that the half inning is over, if you have not previously 
extended them, "post up" the put-outs and assists to the Ex- 
Orioles who made them. When you have done this, always 
prove the account by adding the total number of put-outs — in this 
case, three. Any more or any less will show that there is an 
error somewhere, which should be corrected before the next 
half-inning starts. 

As the Orioles have now taken the field, note whether each is 
stationed at the position for which he is recorded on the score 
book. See also whether Keeler is the first at bat, as recorded. 
He is "saved" by a fumble by Hunter. Mark the "first-on-errors" 
at the proper place in the summary of the box score sheet. Hall 
makes an unexpected catch of Gleason's difficult fly and Keeler 
is doubled up by the throw to first base. Mark the double play 
in the summary. Kelley dies, pitch to first. Credit up at once 
the put-outs and assists to the Orioles resulting from the half 
and prove by addition the correctness of the put-outs. 

Second Inning — Look over the fielding stations and at the man 
at bat for changes. For the Orioles, Hunter singles to centre, 
but is forced by Dunn's ground hit to short. Burrell singles to 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 63 

centre, and Dunn reaches third as the third baseman drops the 
throw of the centrefielder, relayed by the shortstop. As this is 
another of those apt-to-be-overlooked cases of uneffective as- 
sists, the centrefielder and shortstop would better be credited an 
assist at once, also charging the error against Reitz. Beach 
forces Burrell, second to short and soon afterward Dunn is 
caught between third and the plate, on an attempted double 
steal, catch, to pitch, to third, to catch. Note that the catcher 
gets an assist, and a put-out also on the same play, and that 
Beach, even though he probably succeeded in reaching second 
base, is not to be credited with a stolen base, but is regarded 
as having been left on first. Extend your put-outs and the assists 
not already extended, making sure that the total put-outs tally 
six. Examine each position as the teams change to see that no 
substitutions have been made. 

Doyle, the first batter up, draws four balls and is sacrificed to 
second by Brodie, who bunts to third and is thrown out at first. 
Reitz grounds out, second to first, advancing Doyle to first, 
where he is left on Clark's ground out, short to first. As soon 
as Brodie made his sacrifice hit, it should have been credited to 
him in the summary of the box-score sheet, where the base on 
balls to Doyle had been just previously set down. There remains 
now to extend the three put-outs and the three assists, making 
the correct tally of put-outs six to date. The runner left on base 
should also be added to the summary. 

Third Inning — Examine the fielders and the batsman for 
changes as usual. Adkins begins by bunting safely toward third 
and he is sacrificed to second by Hall, who goes out first to 
second, who covers the bag. Kelly strikes out. (Place both 
sacrifice and strike-out in the summary at once.) O'Hara gets 
four balls (Charge Hof¥er a base on balls in the summary), but 
is forced by Hearne. Add the two men left on bases at the 
proper place in the summary and credit the put-outs and assists. 
There should be nine put-outs to date. 

For the Ex-Orioles Robinson opens with a single to centre 
and Hoffer sacrifices. (Credit the sacrifice in the summary at 
once.) Keeler singles to left, sending Robinson to third, from 
where he scores and Keeler takes second, on a passed ball. 
(Charge Hearne with a passed ball at once in the summary.) The 
next two men strike out. Add the one man left and extend the 
put-outs, noting that the total put-outs must be nine. Do 
not overlook the necessity for crediting Adkins with the two 
strike-outs he has earned. 

Fourth Inning — Don't forget to look over the various stations 
for changes. Hunter starts on a hit by a pitched ball. Charge 
this at once against the pitcher in the summary. Dunn sacrifices, 



64 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 

which also should be recorded in the summary at once. Burrell 
hits to the shortstop, whose throw to third puts out Hunter, 
trying to advance. Burrell steals second (credit the stolen base 
at once in the summary) ard reaches third on Beach's short 
single to centre. Both are left as they stand, when Adkins 
grounds out to the pitcher, who throws to tirst. Tab up the 
two men left on bases, extend the three additional put-outs and 
the assist, noting that the total put-outs must number 12. 

Look over the various positions, as usual. For the Ex- 
Orioles, Doyle strikes out (put it in the summary at once), 
Brodie grounds to the pitcher and is thrown out at first. Reitz 
gets a base on balls (charge it in the summary at once) only to 
be caught trying to steal. Extend the three put-outs and the 
two assists, noting whether the total number of put-outs is 
still correct. 

Fifth inning. As usual keep the eyes doing sentinel duty so 
as to note any fielding changes the moment made. Hall begins 
by scratching safely toward second, but is caught trying to steal. 
Kelly is easy, second to first, and, though O'Hara singles to 
centre, he is also caught trying to steal. Extend the three put-outs 
and assists, making the correct total of put-outs now 15. 

Look at the Orioles as they take their positions. The Ex- 
Orioles go out in one-two-three order, without any feature of 
note. 

The beginning of the sixth inning rewards the vigilance of 
the scorer in watching for changes in fielding positions. Gleason 
and Doyle have changed places. Though often done, the scorer 
should not confuse the field chances of either man in one of 
his positions with the chances of the same man in the other 
position. In other words, Doyle, second baseman, is to all 
intents and purposes another individual when he becomes Doyle, 
shortstop. The careful scorer will accordingly see that when 
one fielder occupies more than one fielding position durnig the 
same game his put-outs, assists and errors are kept separated 
for each position so occupied. It can best be done on the score 
book by dividing the space allotted to the fielder as in the ac- 
companying plate. Hearne, batting first, is passed on four balls 
(charge against pitcher in summary) only to be forced by 
Hunter. Hunter is also forced, as Dunn sends a short fly into 
right that seems likely to be caught. That the ball dropped 
safely does not give Dunn a safe hit, for Hunter is easily forced 
at second by the right fielder's throw at that base. Burrell flies 
to right. Tab up the one runner left and extend the three new 
put-outs, and the new assists, making 18 put-outs in all. 

For the Ex-Orioles, Keeler dies on a grounder to short, 
Gleason bunts safely toward third and goes to second on Kelley's 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 65 

out, third to first. Doyle comes up with a three-bagger (mark 
down a three-base hit for Doyle in the summary at once), scor- 
ing Gleason. Doyle himself scores on Brodie's bunt toward 
third — so unexpected that it proved the efifective thing. Brodie 
is later caught trying to steal. Extend the put-outs and assists. 

Seventh inning. Beach pops a fly to HofYer. Adkins is given 
a life when Brodie drops a fly in his direction. (Put down at 
once the error for Brodie, indicating the dropped fly and also 
record the "first on error" in the summary. Adkins takes sec- 
ond on a balk, which should be charged against the pitcher in 
the summary immediately. Hall grounds out, short to first, 
but fails to advance Adkins. Adkins scores, however, on Kel- 
ly's three-bagger to left. (Credit Kelly with a three-base hit 
in the summary at once.) O'Hara follows with a single to left, 
that scores Kelly. Hearne's short single to right only gets 
O'Hara as far as second and both are left in their tracks when 
Hunter grounds out to first, unassisted. Add the two men left 
on bases and extend the three new put-outs and assists. The 
total put-outs should now be 21. 

The Ex-Orioles' half presents no feature of special note. 

Dunn opens the first half of the eighth with a single to left 
and takes second on a wild pitch. (Charge up the wild pitch.) 
Burrell doubles to centre, scoring Dunn. The two-base hit should 
be credited to Burrell in the summary at once. A passed ball 
puts Burrell on third (charge up the passed ball) before Beach 
draws four balls (charge against Hofifer at once). Adkins singles 
to right, scoring Burrell and sending Beach to third. Hall draws 
four balls (charge Hofifer in the summary), which moves Ad- 
kins along to second and Kelly's sacrifice fly scores Beach and 
allows Adkins to reach third on the throw-in. Credit for the 
sacrifice fly should be given Kelly in the summary at once. 
O'Hara and Hall are doubled and the double play should be 
recorded in the summary at once. Add the one man left on 
base and extend the three put-outs and the assists. The put- 
outs now total 24, if correctly extended. 

Keeler opens with a two-bagger to right, which should be 
set down in the summary at once. Gleason is given four balls 
and a double steal ensues. Burchell replaces Adkins in the 
box. The scorer should indicate how many runners are on 
bases and on what bases they are, when the change of pitchers 
occurs mid-inning. In this case the "X" indicates that Keeler 
was on third and Gleason on second when Burchell stepped to 
the mound. Burchell, in endeavoring to catch Keeler ofif third 
base, throws just badly enough to allow Keeler to score and 
thereby gets an error, even though Gleason, trying to gain third 
on the play, is out. The next two batsmen strike out, which 
should be put to Burchell's credit in the summary. 



66 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

The last inning- for the Orioles starts out with a safe scratch 
to the pitcher by Hearne, and he scores when Hunter places 
a home run in far right field. Credit Hunter with a home run 
in the summary immediately. Dunn is hit by the pitcher (charge 
Hoffer in the summary). Burrell flies to centre. Beach grounds 
out to first, unassisted, allowing Dunn to advance to second. 
Burchell gets four balls and, with Dunn, a double steal is exe- 
cuted. (Charge the base on balls and credit the stolen bases in 
the summary.) While Hall is at bat, Robinson muffs a foul 
fly and is charged with an error at once, even though Hall 
is out on the next ball delivered, third to first. Credit the put- 
outs and assists, noting that the correct number of put-outs must 
be 27. Add in, also, the two runners left on bases. 

Brodie begins the last half inning of the game with a base 
on balls, which should be charged at once against Burchell, as 
should also the wild pitch that allows Brodie to reach second. 
Reitz strikes out and it should be credited to Burchell at once, 
even though Hearne drops the ball and is compelled to make 
the throw to first. Clarke hits to Beach, who makes a bad throw, 
allowing Brodie to score and Clarke to reach third. Extend 
the error at once and charge the balk which allows Clarke to 
score, at once against Burchell. Robinson gets four balls — 
another charge to be made at once against Burchell. Hoffer 
should bat next, but he drops out in order to allow Brouthers 
to come up. Brouthers drives the ball betVveen first and second, 
but Robinson, who is running down, cannot avoid being hit by 
the ball and is automatically out. The play has to be "starred." 
In other words, no fielder can be given the put-out, and the 
total number of put-outs for that side must remain one short 
in consequence. It must also be remembered by the scorer that 
Brouthers receives credit for a safe hit — a single — under the 
circumstances. A base on balls to Keeler (don't forget to 
charge it and the wild pitch that follows). Brouthers is now 
on third and Keeler on second. Gleason hits the ball nito the 
right-field bleachers. As the score is 7 to 6 when this feat is 
performed, only two more runs are necessary to win, which 
are scored when Keeler crosses the plate from second base. 
Gleason, therefore, can only get credit for a two-base hit, as 
the game ends when he has touched second base and he has 
thus driven Keeler ahead of him, as it were, two bases — the dis- 
tance required to cross the plate with the winning run. Note 
the moment play is over by the same watch used previously and 
record elapsed time. The one put-out of the half should be 
extended and the score-sheet will be short two of the regular 
number of put-outs — one for the runner hit by the batted ball 
and the other because but two were out when the winning run 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 67 

crossed the plate. A foot-note covering both unusual features 
must be made, as well as another note that Brouthers batted for 
Hoffer in the ninth inning. 

The scorer will now find that his extensions can be readily- 
made. Running across the work of each batter, he can distin- 
guish at a glance whether the batsman should not be charged 
technically with a time at bat. Keeler's base on balls in the 
ninth cuts his total down to four. Gleason's base on balls in 
the eighth has the same efifect. Kelly's goes as it stands, but 
Doyle's base on balls reduces his total to three. Brodie's total 
is reduced to two by reason of a sacrifice and a base on balls, 
and so down the list. Add the extensions and prove whether 
the work is correct in a very simple way. The total of the 
at-bat column must equal the actual number of times the bat- 
ters of each team have been at bat, less the total of the passes 
and sacrifices recorded. If it does not, the error is in either 
the times at bat, or in the sacrifice hits or other particular ex- 
emptions. In this case, for instance, the entire nine batsmen 
show that each was actually at bat 4 times — or 36 — and two 
over — 38 in all to face the pitcher. The exemptions are sacri- 
fices, bases on balls and hit-by-pitched ball. We find that Adkins 
and Burchell together allowed 6 passes and that two sacrifices 
were made by the batsmen under consideration — in all, 8 ex- 
emptions. Deducting 8 from 38, we have 30, the number of at- 
bats already figured out. So it is safe to believe that there is 
no error. 

So, to prove the correctness of the at-bat figures for the 
other team, we find that the nine men were at bat five times each 
and one over — total, 46. The passes are two hit batsmen, 5 bases 
on balls and 3 sacrifices — a total of 10. Deducting 10 from 46, 
we have 36, the number already found by extension. 

The extension of the runs is a simple proposition, but the 
scorer should not, through carelessness, allow the footing of the 
run columns to differ from the extensions of his runs-by-innings 
in another part of the box score sheet. The base hits should 
be already in shape to foot up, as they have been extended at the 
time each was made by the batsman. The put-outs are in the 
form of dots, in each player's space. Add up the dots in each 
space and mark the result in plain figures. Perform the same 
office with the assists. The errors should already be in shape, 
just as the safe hits. 

The scorer is now ready to transfer the results of his score 
book to the box score sheet, but before doing so he may as 
well prove one other feature susceptible of proof — the number 
of runners left on bases. The scorer should have a record of 
the runners left on bases, either on his score book or on his box 



68 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

score sheet, jotted down at the close of each half inning. To 
prove whether his work is correct, take the number of actua! 
(not technical) batsmen as already found and subtract the sum 
of the put-outs and runs scored. For instance : The Orioles had 
46 men actually at bat, as was ascertained previously. They 
made 7 runs and 27 of them were put out — a total of 34 men 
accounted for. Deducting 34 from 46, we find that 12 must have 
been left on bases. Taking up the other side, 38 men faced 
the pitcher. Eight of these crossed the plate, and 26 were put 
out — 34 in all — leaving 4 who must have remained stranded on 
bases. The box score sheet should appear like the accompanying 
one on the opposite page when completed. 

It will be noted that two lines are used for the one player 
when he has had to switch from one position to the other, as 
Gleason and Doyle in this game. The only other thing neces- 
sary to impress is the necessity of care in copying. In the 
matter of the pitchers' summary, for instance, in an eight and 
one-half-inning game, the scorer who is careless will allow 
himself to say that each pitcher has pitched 9 innings when one 
has pitched but 8. So when two or more pitchers appear for 
one or both of the two teams, the scorer should take care that 
the total of the work of the two or more pitchers is exactly the 
total of the various corresponding items as they appear in the 
"box" above, or in the summary beneath. 

In transcrihing from the score book, set down the figures for 
each player, but do not copy the totals. Rather make the addi- 
tions independently from the figures copied, thus giving a check 
on the correctness of the transcription. Be sure especially that 
the put-outs total the required number for a game of the length 
the score by innings indicates, and, if they do not, see that the 
reason is adequately explained by the foot-notes. 

If the game is shortened for any reason, a foot-note should 
explain why. 



OFFICIAL SCORE 



Of Game of Base Ball for the Championship of the ,.,.=>»JLeague. 

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70 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



APPENDIX 

ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS 



ON BASE-HITS AND ERRORS, 
(i) Charge error against shortstop. 

(2) Credit batter base-hit. 

(3) Charge third baseman an error. 

(4) Credit batsman with a hit. 

(5) Charge infielder with an error. 

(6) Credit batsman with a safe hit for as many bases as he gains. 

(7) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(8) Credit batsman with a safe hit for one base. 

(9) Charge infielder who made throw with an error. (Throws from com- 

paratively short range are supposed to be on a line. The fact that 
the ball touched the ground makes it an imperfect throw.) 

(10) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(11) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(12) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(13) Credit batsman with a safe hit. (Error of omission, for which no 

charge can properly be made.) 

(14) Charge second baseman with an error. 

(15) Charge fielder who dropped ball with an error. 

(16) Charge catcher an error immediately. 

(17) Charge pitcher with a base on balls and a wild pitch, but no other 

form of error. 
<i8) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(19) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(20) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(21) Batsman does not get credit for a safe hit. 

(22) Neither safe hit nor error is to be recorded. 

(23) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(24) Credit batsman with a two-base hit. 

(25) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(26) Credit batsman with a safe hit. (Put-out at first is illegal, as ball 

is dead from the moment it strikes the umpire.) 

(27) (a) No error. (b) Charge shortstop with an error. 

ON SACRIFICE HITS AND FLIES. 

(28) Not a sacrifice, but a safe hit and time at bat. 

(29) (a) Sacrifice fly. (b) Sacrifice fly. 

(30) Not a sacrifice hit. Charge batsman a time at bat. Runner advances 

from first to second on the put-out. 

(31) Not a sacrifice hit. as batsman swung hard at the ball. 

(32) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 

(33) Not a sacrifice fly, as no runner scored. 

(34) Not a sacrifice fly, as runner failed to score. 

(35) Sacrifice hit for the batsman. 

(36) (a) Not a sacrifice hit. (b) Not a sacrifice hit. Charge error to the 

shortstop. 

(37) Credit batsman with a safe hit. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 71 

ON FIELDER'S CHOICE AND FORCE HIT. 

(38) Batsman reaches first and runner scores on fielder's choice. 

(39) Runner forced at second on a force hit, batsman reaching first on 

the play. 
("40) Batsman reaches first on the force hit. 

(41) Batsman reaches first on the force hit and no error is charged. 

(42) Batsman reaches first on the force hit. 

(43) Unlike the five cases immediately preceding, is not necessarily a 

fielder's choice, depending upon whether the fly was dropped inten- 
tionally or unintentionally. It makes no difference, however, as no 
error is scored and the batsman reaches first on the force hit. 

(44) Very liberal scoring will make this a safe hit for the batsman. Very 

strict scoring would allow nothing but a fielder's choice to account 
for both bases advanced. The medium course would be to allow 
the batsman a sacrifice hit, exempting him from a time at bat. 
(4s) As in the immediately preceding case, very liberal scoring would allow 
the batsman a safe hit. Unlike that case, however, there is no 
chances to allow the batsman a sacrifice hit and the only other 
course is to score both runners as advancing on a fielder's choice, 
charging the batsman a time at bat. The first alternative presented 
is desirable in this case. 

(46) Fielder's choice on which batsman should be credited with a sacrifice 

hit. 

ON PUT-OUTS AND ASSISTS. 

(47) Give third baseman and shortstop an assist each and second baseman 

a put-out. 

(48) Credit shortstop, third baseman, catcher, second baseman and pitcher 

with an assist each and credit shortstop with the put-out also. 

(49) Both runner and batsman are safe. As ball struck fielder before 

striking base runner, this is not a case of ball striking a base runner. 

(50) Give catcher credit for a put-out and credit pitcher with a strike-out. 

The batsman is technically out on the foul and not the fly catch. 

(51) Runner advancing from first to second is out, second baseman getting 

credit for the put-out. 

(52) (a) Credit outfielder an assist and shortstop a put-out. In this case 

the outfielder does not get charged with an error, (b) Charge out- 
fielder an error for allowing batsman to reach first base. Then 
credit outfielder with an assist and shortstop with a put-out for 
making the play at second base. 

(53) Credit pitcher with a put-out. (This play is cited because some 

scorers are erroneously imbued with the idea that when a fielder 
fields the ball and has to run to his opponent to touch him out, or 
has to run to a base to make a force out he is entitled to both an 
assist and a put-out. The plea is ingenious and not without a 
certain degree of plausibility, but cannot be allowed.) 

(54) (a) Credit catcher with the put-out. Though ball may be picked up by 

the first baseman, he cannot make the put-out. (b) Credit player 
with the put-out. 

(55) No. 3 can legally finish No. 4's turn at bat, beginning his attempt with 

two strikes and two balls. 

(56) Right fielder should be charged with an error, as he was at fault in 

not making the put-out at the first opportunity offered. Right 
fielder should next be credited with an assist and first baseman 
charged with an error. 

(57) Batsman is credited with a safe hit and base runner is out. Foot- 

note should be made stating that (insert name of runner) 

was out, hit by 's (insert name of batsman) batted ball in 

inning. 

(58) Play stands as recorded, in every respect, and error has not been 

discovered in time to demand a penalty. No. 5's record on book 
remains blank for the turn. 



72 SPALDING'S AtflLBTlC LIBRARY. 

(59) Technical infield fly and batsman is out. Credit first baseman with 

the put-out. 

(60) Credit with an assist each the shortstop, catcher, third baseman, pitcher 

and first baseman. Charge third baseman an error for not com- 
pleting the play by reason of dropping the ball. Next credit the 
third baseman with a put-out for making the new and separate play 
of putting out the runner who has advanced from second and is 
illegally attempting to hold base already pre-empted by the farther 
advanced runner. 

ON TIMES AT BAT. 

(61) A scratch cannot be a sacrifice and even though runner advances, 

batsman must be charged with a time at bat. 

(62) Runner is not advanced, batsman cannot be credited with a sacrifice 

hit, and is consequently not exempt from a time at bat. 

(63) Batsman must be charged with a time at bat, as a sharp-hit ball 

cannot be a sacrifice hit. 

(64) Credit batsman with a sacrific fly and exempt him from a time at bat. 

Left fielder is not charged with an error, as he retrieves his prac- 
tical error by forcing runner at second. 

(65) Credit batsman with a sacrifice hit and exempt him from a time 

at bat. 

(66) Not a sacrifice hit, and batsman must be charged a time at bat. It 

is a plain force and the runner advances from first to second on 
the put-out. 

(67) Credit the batsman with a sacrifice hit and exempt him from a time 

at bat. 

(68) Credit batsman with a sacrifice hit and exempt him from a time 

at bat. 

(69) Individual judgment must govern a case of this kind. The liberal 

scorer will call it a sacrifice hit and exempt the batsman from a 
time at bat. The shortstop will not be given an error. Less lib- 
eral scorers will call the play a force, charge the shortstop with 
an error and charge the batsman a time at bat. The first-named 
procedure should have the preference. 

(70) Batsman takes first on the catcher's interference and is exempt from 

the charge of a time at bat. 

(71) Not a sacrifice hit, as no runner scores from third. Batsman should 

be charged with a time at bat. 

ON SCORING RUNS. 

{■J2) Run does not count. 

(73) Run does not count. 

(74) Run counts. 

(75) Run counts. 

(76) Run counts. 
(^77) Run counts. 

(78) Run does not count. 

(79) Runner cannot score unless second and first bases were also occu- 

pied when batsman hit the ball. 

(80) Run counts and all runners are compelled to advance one base. 

(81) Run will not be permitted to score. 

ON DOUBLE PLAYS AND STOLEN BASES. 

(82) Double play. 

(83) Double play. 

(84) Double play. 
(8s) Double play. 

(86) Double play. 

(87) Not a double play. 

(88) Double play. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. ?3 

(89) Stolen base. 

(90) Not a stolen base. Runner advances on the out. 

(91) Not a stolen base. Charge the shortstop with an error and credit the 

catcher with an assist. 

(92) Not a stolen base. 

(93) Not a stolen base. Runner advances on the fly-out. 

(94) Stolen base and error for the catcher. 

(95) Not a stolen base. Runner advances two bases on the safe hit. 

(96) Neither runner is credited with a stolen base. 

(97) Neither runner is credited with a stolen base. They advance on the 

passed ball. 

(98) Runner who scores is not credited with a stolen base. He scores on 

the put-out following the attempted steal of runner on first. 

ON CREDIT OR CHARGE OF PITCHERS. 

(99) Credit second pitcher. 

(100) Credit second pitcher. ^ 

(loi) Credit third pitcher. 

(102) Charge second pitcher. 

{103) Credit first pitcher. 

(104) Credit second pitcher. 

(105) Charge third pitcher. 

(106) Credit third pitcher. 

(107) Credit second pitcher. 

(108) Credit first pitcher. 

(109) Credit second pitcher. 

ON ABRUPT TERMINATIONS, 
(no) Game stands i to i tie. Records remain up to the last moment of 

play, 
(in) Game ends with score 4 to 3. Records remain up to the last moment 

of play. 

(112) Game ends with even fifth inning, score 5 to 4 in favor of last team 

at bat. All records during sixth inning must be erased. 

(113) Game ends with even seventh inning, score 3 to 2 in favor of team 

last at bat. All records made during eighth inning must be 
erased. 

(114) Game ends a 4 to 4 tie. All records are retained up to the last 

moment of play. 
(lis) Game ends with even sixth innning, score 8 to o in favor of team 

first at bat. All records made in seventh inning must be erased. 
(116) Game ends 4 to 4 tie. All records are retained up to the last moment 

of play. 




•"^l Knight safe at first in second inning of the first game; 2. Devore safe 
at first, sixth inning of first game. ° Conlon, Photo. 

GIANTS—YANKEES POST-SEASON SERIES, 1910. 




1 Schnlte put out by Collins at second in first inmng ; z, Schulte again 
out at second in fourth inning; 3. Baker of the Atliletics at bat. 
SCENES IN FIKST GAME OF WORLD'S CHAMPIONSHIP SERIES AT 
PHILADELPHIA. 

Conlon and Van Oeyen, Photos, 



1, Knabe, second base Philadelphia, leader in sacrifice hits, 1910; 2, 
Bescher, outfielder CinciDuati, leader in base stealing, 1910. 

NATIONAL LEAGUE PLAYERS IN THE SPALDING BASE BALL 
HALL OF FAME. 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL. GUIDE. 

(From The New York Times, Sunday, November 13, 1910.) 

Psychology of Base Ball Discussed 
by A. G. Spalding 

By Edward Marshall. 

"His face is that of a Greek hero, his manner that of a Churck 
of England Bishop, when I talked with him he was a candidate 
for United States Senator from California, and he is the father 
of the greatest sport the world has ever known. 

"You don't know him? You are unfortunate. Tliere are in the- 
United States at least a million men who do and who will yell 
at sight of him. I am writing now of A. G. Spalding, and he 
talked to me, the other evening, of the game's psychology. 

"'The psychology of Base Ball?'" he said thoughtfully. 'I 
confess that the "psychology of Base Ball" is a new one on me. 

" 'I take it that you are trying to find out what effect the 
game has on the mind, and what effect the mind has on the game. 
The general impression among those who do not know, and, 
although there are several million people in this country who do 
know, still, there remain a few who don't, is that Base Ball i& 
simply a form of physical exercise which is interesting to watch, 
and to take part in. Those who have played the game know well 
that it is more — much more. They know that it is quite as much 
a mental as it is a physical exercise. 

" 'As a matter of plain fact, it is much more a mental exercise 
than a mere physical sport. There is really no other form of 
outdoor sport which constantly demands such accurate co-ordina- 
tion between the mind and body as this National game of ours. 
And that is rather fine, when you come to think about it. 

" 'Base Ball elevates, and it fits the American character. The 
emotional and moral as well as the physical side of a man'a 
nature are brought into play by Base Ball. I know of no other 
medium which, as completely as Base Ball, joins the physical, 
mental, emotional, and moral sides of a man's composite being 
Into a complete and homogeneous whole. And there is nothing 
better calculated than Base Ball to give a growing boy self-poise, 
and self-reliance, confidence, inoffensive and entirely proper aggres- 
siveness, general manliness. Base Ball is a man maker. 

" 'Of course the professional Base Ball player is the one known 
to the non-playing public ; he attracts attention through his 
superior talent, just as a great actor or a great singer does ; but 
a great actor or great singer may start late, while a Base Ball 
player cannot. I do not believe there is a single player in the 
major leagues who had not demonstrated a peculiar fitness for 
the game, and made a reputation as a skillful player among boy 
associates, before he was fourteen. 

" 'Yes ; certainly the game has its psychology — a part of the 
fine, healthy, undegenerate psychology of the whole Nation. The 
professional Base Ball player is no thug, trained to brutality like 
the prizefighter, no half-developed little creature like the jockey, 
no cruel coward like the bullfighter. He is the natural develop- 
ment of the American boy's inborn love of manly, skillful, outdoor 
sport— sport busying brain and body and not harming anyone or 
anything. The average boy who loves Base Ball is not the sort 
of boy who loves to go off with a gun intent on killing some poor 
bird. Base Ball has done a lot to keep the Yankee lad from being 
brutal. 

" 'And he revels in Base Ball, does this American boy — 'good 
luck to him ! No one evem has to urge the normal Yankee lad to 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

participate in tiiis clean game. He takes to it as a duck to 
water. He knows its rudiments before tie learns to read and 
write. His father played Base Ball before him, and, of this 
generation, most of his forefathers. And it is a sport which 
parents may encourage, for it is neither dangerous nor demor- 
alizing. 

" 'The professional Base Ball player is doing more for his 
native country than anyone engaged in any form of sport has 
■ever done for any country in the past. They say horse racing has 
resulted in improvement in horse breeding ; well. Base Ball has 
■done something better, it has resulted in improvement in man. 
-breeding. Aside from giving outdor recreation to the public, the 
professional Base Ball player is, by his example, encouraging the 
boy to healthy sport with which not one unpleasant feature is 
connected. Little gambling is associated with Base Ball. When 
the game first started as a professional sport there was an effort 
made to saddle it with all the gambling features which beset the 
race tracks — pool selling and all — and from 1870 to, say, 1875, 
the gamblers practically had control of our professional Base Ball. 
Every Base Ball park had its betting ring. This made decent 
peoiple stay away, and interest in the game fell to a low ebb. 
Every error made was charged to crookedness upon the player's 
part, and not always, probably, unjustly. William Hulbert of 
Chicago had become interested in the game, and I explained this 
all to him. I was actually afraid the game would have to go. 
He wanted me to take my winning club on from Boston to 
Chicago, and I told him that I would if he'd clean out the 
gamblers, and not otherwise. He said he'd try, and he did try, 
to mighty good effect. That saved the game, undoubtedly, and in 
the winter of the following year the National League was organ- 
ized, and has been getting more and more important to the life 
of all America with the passage of eachi day since then. 

" 'The elimination of the betting evil was the cornerstone of the 
success of Base Ball as an exhibition game. The fight against it 
was a fierce one, lasting four or five years. Then we triumphed, 
and the cleanest game on earth had been established. No betting, 
no Sunday playing, no liquor sold upon the grounds ! It was a 
revolution in the world of professional sport. Base Ball is the 
only game which suits the mighty populace and yet is wholly 
free from ties to bind it to the gambling and the liquor selling 
element, whose aim it is to victimize that populace. 

" 'That's part of its psychology — it is clean-souled. Another 
and important part of it is that it is a leveler. That makes it. 
In the truest sense, American. It is almost, if not exactly, the 
same game in all parts of the United States, and nowhere is it 
cursed by caste. Caste may not wreck a sport in countries where 
caste dominates the social life, but it would surely wreck Base 
Ball in this country. That's the finest thing about Base Ball. 
Its spectators, once they settle in their seats and glue their eyes 
upon the diamond, are absolutely equalized by their delight in 
what they see. The laborer, if his seat so placed him as to make 
it possible, would be pretty apt, in case of a good play, to beat 
the President upon the back, in his enthusiasm, wiih a cushion 
or his hat, and the President would almost surely turn and grin 
at him. I don't know that that has ever actually happened, but 
I have known a workingman in jumpers to so lose his memory of 
social and financial and political rank as to biff thus a grave 
Senator. It was a fine and significant spectacle, because — note 
this — ^the Senator was not offended. He couldn't clear his mind 
of frantic joy in time to be offended, and, better yet. he would 
not have been offended if he could have cleared it. ' 

"Right here I ought to explain something. This interview was 
Quite a family affair. Across the room from me sat Mr. Spalding's 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

nephew — a young scientist — and at my right, upon a couch, was 
Mrs. Spalding. She is a fit mate for her classically featured 
husband. She is really very handsome, has a notably delightful 
voice — soft, cultured, vibrant — ^and she does what the 'advice to 
wives' department in the women's magazines always urge young 
wives to do ; she takes an interest in her husband's soul-enthusi- 
asms. Interest? Well, some. 

" 'Men at Base Ball games, all men at Base Ball games, are 
brethren, equal sharers in whatever joy or woe or protest the 
great game may bring,' said she. 'And utterly irreverent. Ban 
Johnson, the president of the league, was sitting near us in the 
stand, and a man wanted to make a photograph of him. Did the 
crowd sit awed and reverent? Not noticeably. That crowd 
admired Ban Johnson and, in a way, revered him, but the camera 
man was an obstruction. What a cry went up ! "Too much 
Johnson ! Too much Johnson !" roared instantly unto the vaulted 
heavens.' 

"Mr. Spalding smiled at her. 'Two cranks in a family means 
domestic bliss, if they are both Base Ball cranks,' he commented, 
thereby adding to his exposition of the game's psychology. 

" 'Any one who blocked a crank's view of the game would meet 
with instant criticism,' he said proudly. 'And if Teddy himself 
were playing and made an error he'd be roasted by the best friends 
he possessed upon the bleachers. 

" 'But, in spite of this, Base Ball is the most good-natured 
pastime in the world. Partisans will rave and tear their hair, 
but how often do you hear that one of them has torn another's 
hair on Base Ball grounds? In the historv of the world no such 
great crowds have gathered to watch anything the world has ever 
known — 'sport or anything else — with so few fights. Base Ball, 
you see, arouses no brutal instincts. It is a turmoil rather than 
a battle. It isi more a war of skill than a war of strength. 

" 'The game is in the open, too. Twenty thousand people can 
cluster round a diamond and see every move the Base Ball players 
on it make. There is no chance for secret cheating, therefore 
there is no tendency in that direction. It is not alone the umpire 
who can see what happens on the field, but every newsboy, everjr 
millionaire, among the spectators. 

" 'Professionalism has not wrecked Base Ball — it has merely 
brought about a higher degree of skill in players by offering them 
an income which permits them to keep up, after they have become 
men, the sport in which they have excelled as boys. The pro- 
fessional is merely a grown boy, and, in the minds of a large 
number of his fellows, a very lucky boy at that. His profession 
is his sport a little glorified. He is the natural outcome of the 
boy's love for the game — ah, how that same boy loves it ! 

" 'And it is the only professional sport I know of which it 
does not hurt a boy to revel in. He worships the professional 
who wins, and, doing this, he never worships a plug-ugly or a 
thug. Drunkards and all other moral undesirables are barred 
from real success upon the Base Ball field by the very nature of 
the sport. The men whom the boy "roots" for are a very decent 
lot of fellows — such a decent lot of fellows as no other profes- 
sional sport the world has ever known could show. The pro- 
fessional Base Ball player, by his example, does not encourage his 
young devotees to anything unworthy. That's a fine detail of 
our National sport. Parents need not be alarmed if their young 
sons announce at breakfast some fine morning that they plan to be 
professional ball players when they reach maturity. In the first 
place, out of five hundred boys who may express that firm deter- 
mination, only one, upon an average, will ever make good in a 
major league, or minor league for that matter, and, in the second 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

place, that one of the five hundred will not, by making good, prove 
himself to be anything at all unworthy. Success as a Base Ball 
player does not plunge a youth into a vicious or a dissipated life, 
but, on the other hand, insures him from that sort of a career. 

" 'Indeed, lucky is the boy who can develop sufficient skill to get 
a place on a league team. That means a mighty good salary and 
a pleasant, clean and healthful life. The professional Base 
Ball player is no mollycoddle — there are no mollycoddles in 
the game ; but neither is there any room for thugs in 
it. No training could be more severe than that of the 
league player. Under the present system of organized Base 
Ball he must conform to the strictest mental, moral, and phys- 
ical discipline, and must develop wonderfully in patience, self- 
reliance, and fair-mindedness. He must keep at the top notch in 
all these details of fine character if he would keep his position in 
the game. Ability to take criticism cheerfully is one of the great 
requisites of real success in any line. I know of no profession 
which requires of those who win in it the disposition and ability 
to do this which Base Ball requires. 

" 'Now as to the effect of Base Ball on the mind of the boy 
player. If a boy is naturally selfish, peevish, or crab-minded the 
members of the team he plays with will soon knock that out of 
him or drive him from the team. He won't want to leave the 
team, for Base Ball, you must remember, is Ingrained in his blood. 
If he is inclined to be hot-tempered, the loss of a few games and 
th^ respect of his associates as the result will help mightily 
tov.ard correcting it. If he is prone to be a cad, to put on airs, 
to assume a superiority over his fellow-players as a result of the 
social or financial standing of his family, a little joshing from 
his fellows on the errors he made upon the field will soon bring 
him down to earth again. If he is unduly timid and shows cow- 
ardice in a pinch, his mates will qaickly cure him or eject him. 
If he is apprehensive, pessimistic — and no trait is more entirely 
un-American — he will soon lose his place upon the team. The 
lad who is continually predicting a defeat will not last long in 
Base Ball. And the beauty of the things is that rarely will he l^t 
his faults go far enough to bar him from the game — his love of it 
is too instinctive and too real. Rather will he let the game correct 
the faults. And there you are. It's a man as well as a soul 
builder. 

" 'The psychology of Base Ball? It is the psychology of 
success. 

" 'I know of nothing which more fitly trains the body, mind, and 
soul. The game plays havoc with a boy's or man's emotions. In 
a day the player may well rise to the fine heights of victory and 
sink to the dark depths of black despair in a defeat. And it 
must be the one or the other. There is no midway station. The 
score is 5 to 3. You win or lose, and quickly learn that nothing 
is accomplished by trying to lay the blame, if defeat comes, 
upon the umpire or upon your fellow-players. Pleading a sore 
finger or strained muscle or tendon wins nothing for the van- 
quished player in his own mind or the minds of his associates. 
That is a good thing. After many victories, and the defeats 
which are quite certain to go with them, a player must, of sheer 
necessity, achieve self-poise, learn to take winning calmly, and lose 
philosophically. He may well reach that super-point where he 
looks grave in victory and smiles with hope when he is van- 
quished. . ^ . , ^ 

" 'Base Ball has for a long time been important in the educa- 
tion of our youth — far more important than most people think — 
and it is destined to become still more important. The day will 
come I think when all American school authorities will supply 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

the necessary grounds to play the game on as an essential adjunct 
to every public school. The game means countless benefits, and 
not a single danger to the boy who plays it. You may have 
gathered from what I have already said that I consider it the 
greatest game on earth. I do, and doing so am proud of my 
good judgment. There should be Base Ball grounds adjacent to or 
very near each public school building in the United States. 

" 'Base Ball is the only sport which is severe enough to benefit 
and not severe enough to overstrain. Base Ball players live to 
good old ages, almost always. I wish I had the list at hand. 
The longevity of ex-professionals would surprise you. I myself 
began to play on the advice of my physician, and I made a busi- 
ness of it in the end.' 

"I had not asked so very many questions. They had not been 
needed. Mr. Spalding puts his words across the plate as accur- 
ately and as logically as, in the old days, he pitched his balls. 
But' now I asked one. 

" 'Even if the game had not resulted in great wealth and fame 
for you. would you still be glad you took it up?' 

"He laughed. The Greek countenance, framed with white hair, 
broke into a particularly winning set of wrinkles ; the Bishop's 
face became that of the jolly monk in the world famous picture. 

" 'I'm a candidate for Senator,' he said, 'and ought not to use 
slang, but — I — sure — would. Glad? Why, I tell you it meant 
health to me — the biggest thing of all. It has taken me around 
the world again, and yet again ; it has thrown me into contact with 
the finest set of men this country ever has produced. It has 
taught me that humanity is, at the bottom, clean of mind and 
soul. It has made me a rank optimist — and it has kept me one. 
It is the only sport on earth. 

" 'I could name a hundred Base Ball players — yes, two hundred 
and then more — who have become important, worthy, and respected 
men in later years. There's John M. Ward, for instance. Senator 
Gorman was a Base Ball player once. John K. Tener, the next 
Governor of Pennsylvania, was a professional and went arorfnd 
the world with us in 1888. Senator Bulkeley of Connecticut was 
a player first and then first President of the National League. 
Base Ball for a few years is one of the best character builders 
I can think of. An able boy's blood always runs high and the 
first thing he must learn, if he is to win success, is to control it. 
Base Ball teaches that, first, last and all the time. 

" 'The game was fortunate from the beginning. It was spread 
throughout the country by the soldiers returning to their homes 
after the Civil War. Now it is in its third generation. I hesitate 
to guess what it will be when it has reached its fourth. The 
•crowds to-day are hig ; the crowds of future days will be much 
bigger. Every boy, you see, plays Base Ball, and the players of 
to-day are the spectators of to-morrow. The human being who 
has ever got the germ of Base Ball in his blood, whether the 
infection comes when he is young or after he has reached maturity, 
never gets it out.' 

" 'What effect has your Base Ball record and entuhsiasm had 
upon your candidacy for the United States Senate?' I inquired, 
really wondering. 

"'How do I know, yet?' he asked. But then he added: 'Give 
me the Base Ball votes of California and my opponents may have 
the rest.' 

"Across the room from me sat Homer Davenport, most famous 
of the world's cartoonists and himself a Base Ball crank of 
advanced mania. 

" 'Any man.' said Davenport, not looking up from his sketch 
pad (which Mrs. Spalding, also, was intent upon), 'who can 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

pitch every game, every season, for the Boston team, for five 
long years, and win the pennant every time, and then go to 
Chicago and take the pennant with him in his trunk, as Mr. 
Spalding did, can capture a seat in the United States Senate on 
wet grounds, with a glass arm in the box and the rooters all 
against him. The political game is easy when you stack it up 
against Base Ball. You're talking to a Senator to be, all right.' 

"He went back to absorption in his work and Mrs. Spalding: 
flushed with pleasure. 

" 'Has your Base Ball training helped you in your business?' I 
inquired. 

*' 'I never struck anything in business that did not seem a. 
simple matter when compared to complications I have faced on the 
Base Ball field,' said Mr. Spalding. 'A young man playing Base 
Ball gets into the habit of quick \thinking in most adverse circum- 
stances and under the most merciless criticism in the world — the 
criticism from the bleachers. If that doesn't train him, nothing- 
can. Base Ball in youth has the effect, in later years, of mak- 
ing him think and act a little quicker than the other fellow. 

" 'They have now, in colleges, a course in which they call 
experimental psychology. The relation between thought and action 
is recorded by delicate instruments. These instruments, in the 
psychological laboratories of the colleges, show that the mental 
reactions of the athletes are quicker than those of any other 
students. And that of the Base Ball player is quicker than that 
of any other of the athletes. The sprinter, don't you see, has but 
to go from place to place. His thought is intent on the one thing- 
— on getting there. The thought of the Base Ball player must 
take many other things — a thousand things — into consideration. 
He must thjnk while he is going. 

" 'Folks marvel at the great throngs which attend important 
Base Ball matches. They really need not be wondered at. The 
public likes the game, and, more than that, it knows that this 
one game, of all sports, is certain to be absolutely on the square. 
The spectators have been players, most of them, and understand 
not only the first principles but the fine points of the sport. 

" 'Here, again, is the effect of the evolution of the game up 
through the boy into the man. The boys of the past generation 
are the spectators of this ; the boys of this one will be the spec- 
tators of the next. So, like an endless chain, Base Ball will last 
and grow as long as these United States shall last and grow. 
Each generation will produce a little higher type of citizenship 
than that which went before it. and Base Ball and the principles- 
which underlie it will help to bring this about.' 

"The old Base Ball player — the successful business man — 
the candidate for Senator — stopped talking. I looked at him. 
inquiringly. 

" 'Play ball !' said he.'' 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

SPALDING'S 
SIMPLIFIED BASE BALL RULES 

Simplified Base Ball rules have been prepared by Mr. A. G. 
Spalding of New York and Chicago, who is the recognized 
authority on the National Game. They are of great assistance 
to beginners as well as to veterans. Based on the Official 
Playing Rules, as published in Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide, they state in condensed form all the technicalities that 
must be observed in the sport without the somewhat dry and 
formal wording which is necessarily employed by the rule 
makers to state each fact with great explicitness. 

The Ball Ground 

Base Ball is played upon a level field, upon which is out- 
lined a square, which is known as the infield or "diamond." 
The term "diamond," in a broader sense, is also frequently 
used in the United States to apply to the entire playing field. 
Literally, however, the "diamond" is the infield proper. 

The infield is bounded by the base-running paths, which 
extend from base to base. The bases are placed at right 
angles to each other, on each corner of the "diamond," at 
intervals of ninety feet beginning from the home plate. Thus, 
first base must be ninety feet from home plate, second base 
ninety feet from first base, third base ninety feet from second 
base and also ninety feet from the home plate, thus completing 
a perfect square. 

The territory which lies behind third base, second base and 
first base, beyond the infield and within the lines defining fair 
ground and also without these lines, is known as the outfield. 
All that portion of the field outside of the base lines that 
extend fi-om home plate to first base and from home plate to 
third base, all territory behind the home plate and all terri- 
tory outside of straight lines reaching from the outside corner 
of third and first bases indefinitely to the outfield is foul 
ground. 

Sometimes it is impossible for boys who desire to play Base 
Ball to obtain a field sufficiently large for the regulation 
diamond, whose dimensions have previously been stated, and 
in such cases an effort should always be made to place the 
bases at equal distances from each other in order that the 
symmetry of the diamond and the correct theory of the game 
may be preserved. Players of younger years may find that a 
smaller diamond adds more enjoyment to their amusement, 
since they are better able to cover the ground in fielding the 
ball in a smaller area and do not become so fatigued by running 
the bases when the latter are stationed at their full legal dis- 
tance from each other. 

The bases, except home plate, ai*e best constructed of canvas 
bags filled with sawdust. Home plate should be of whitened 
rubber, whenever it is possible to obtain it. Some cruder sub- 
stance may be used for bases if nothing else is obtainable, but 
it is best to follow the suggestions given. First, second and 
third bases should be attached to pegs driven in the ground, 
and home plate should be sunk so that its upper surface is on 
a level with the surface of the ground. 

The pitcher's position on a diamond of regulation size is 
located sixty and five-tenths feet from home plate, and on a 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

straight line, extending from home plate to the center of second 
base. It, too, should be denoted by a plate of whitened rubber, 
to be sunk until its upper surface is on a level with the surface 
of the field. This plate should be the shape of a parallelo- 
gram twenty-four inches long by six inches wide, with the 
longer sides of the parallelogram at right angles to home 
plate. 

If a diamond smaller than the regulation size be used, the 

pitcher's position should be relatively closer to home plate. 

(For detailed description of laying out a "diamond" see 

Rules Nos. 1 to 13, inclusive, of Spalding's Official 

Base Ball Guide.) 

The Ball 

The Spalding Official National League Ball is used in regula- 
tion games, but for players fifteen years of age or younger, the 
Spalding Official "National League Junior" ball, made the 
same as the National League Ball, only slightly smaller in 
size, should be used, for it better fits the boy's hand and pre- 
vents straining the arm in throwing. 

(See Rule No. 14 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 

The Regulation Bat 

The Bat must always be round and not to exceed 2% inches 
in diameter at the thickest part. Spalding Trade Mark Bats 
are made to suit all ages and physiques, and are strictly in 
accordance with official regulations. 

(See Rule No. 15 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 

Regulation Gloves and Mitts 

The catcher or first baseman may wear a glove or mitt of 
any size, shape or weight. Every other player is restricted to 
the use of a glove or mitt weighing not over ten ounces and 
measuring not over fourteen inches around the palm. Spalding's 
Trade Marked Gloves and Mitts are regulation weight and size 
and are used by all champion players. 

(See Rule No. 20 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 



Players' Uniforms 



Games played by players not clad in a regular uniform are 
called "scrub" games and are not recorded as "match" games. 
Every club should adopt a regular uniform, not only to enable 
the players to play properly and with comfort, but to distin- 
guish one team from the other. 

(See Rule No. 19 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 



Players' Benches 



All ball grounds should be provided with two players' benches 
back of and on each side of the home plate. They must be not 
less than twentv-five feet outside of the coachers' lines. The 
coachers may not go within fifteen feet of the base lines. Each 
team should occupy one of these benches exclusively, and their 
bats and accoutrements should be kept near the bench. 

(See Rule No. 21 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 



Field Rules 



No person shall be allowed upon any part of the playing 
field except the players in uniform, the manager of each side 
(and the latter not when the game is in progress, except that 
he is in uniform) ; the umpire and the officers of the law. No 
manager, captain, or player is supposed to address the specta- 
tors. In a regular League match' this is considered a viola- 
tion of the rules. 

(See Rules Nos. 75-77 of Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide.) 

Soiling and Providing Balls 

No player shall be allowed to soil a new ball prior to put- 
ting it into play. 

In League games the home team provides the ball. It is 

customary in smaller leagues to expect the home team to do 

] the same. The umpire has the custody of the ball when it is 

I not in play, but at the conclusion of the game the ball becomes 

■ the property of the winning team, 

(See Rule No, 14 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 

Number and Position of Players 

Two teams make up each contest with nine players on each 
side. The fielders are known as the pitcher, the catcher, the 
first baseman, the second baseman, the third baseman, the 
shortstop, the left fielder, the center fielder and the right 
fielder. None of these is I'equired to occupy an exact position 
on the field, except the pitcher, who must stand with his foot 
touching the pitcher's plate when in the act of delivering the 
ball to the batter, and the catcher, who must be within the 
"catcher's space" behind the batter and within ten feet of 
home plate. Players in uniform must not occupy seats in the 
stands or mingle with the spectators. 

(See Rules Nos. 16, 17 and 18 of Spalding's Official Base 
Ball Guide.) 

Substitute Players 

It is always advisable to have a sufficient number of sub- 
stitutes in uniform ready to take the field in case any player 
shall become disabled or be disqualified. 

It is the duty of the captain of each team immediately to 
announce changes of players to the umpire, and the umpire 
shall announce them to the opposing team and spectators. 

When a pitcher is taken from his position his substitute 
must continue to pitch until the batsman has reached first 
base or has been put out. 

(See Rule No. 28 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 

Choice of Innings — 
Fitness of Field for Play 

The home team has the choice of innings and determines 
whether the ground is fit for play providing it has rained 
before the beginning of the game. If two clubs from the same 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

city are playing, the captain of the team on whose ground the 
game is played has the choice of innings. 

(See Rule No. 29 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 



A Regulation Game 



The game begins with the fielders of the team losing the 
choice of innings in their respective positions. The first batter 
of the opposing team is in his "box" at home plate. This 
*'box'' is a parallelogram, six feet by four, on either side of 
home plate, and six inches back from the furthest corner of 
the plate. 

If it is not possible to outline a "box" it should be remem- 
bered that the batter is never allowed to step over home plate 
to strike at the ball, and that he must not run forward toward 
the pitcher, to exceed three feet from the center of the plate, 
to strike at the ball. 

The umpire may take his position, at his option, either 
behind the pitcher or the catcher. He judges all balls and 
strikes, declares all outs, decides whether the ball is batted 
foul or fair, decides as to the legality of the pitcher's deliv- 
ery, and, in fact, has complete control of the game. His 
decisions must never be questioned, except by the captain of 
either team, and only by the latter when there is a difference 
of opinion as to the correct interpretation of the rules. 

The team at bat is allowed two coaches on the field, one 
opposite first base and the other opposite third base, but they 
must never approach either base to a distance closer than 
fifteen feet, and must not coach when there are no runners on 
the bases. 

Whenever a player is substituted on a nine he must always 
bat in the order of the man who retires from the game. A 
player may be substituted at any time, but the player whose 
place he takes is no longer eligible to take part in the contest. 

When a substitute takes the pitcher's place in the box he must 
remain there until the batsman then at bat either is retired or 

A game is won when the side first at bat scores fewer runs 
in nine innings than the side second at bat. This rule applies 
to games of fewer innings. Thus, whenever the side second 
at bat has scored more runs in half an inning less of play 
than the side first at bat it is the winner of the game, pro- 
vided that the side first at bat has completed five full innings 
as batsmen. A game is also won if the side last at bat scores 
the winning run before the third hand is out. 

In case of a tie game play continues until at the end of 
even innings one side has scored more runs than the other, 
provided that if the side last at bat scores the winning run 
before the third hand is out the game shall terminate. This 
latter provision applies to a regular nine-inning game. Rul- 
ings relative to drawn games and games that are called because 
of atmospheric disturbances, fire or panic will be found under 
the head of "Umpire's Duties." 

(See Rules Nos. 22-27 of Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide.) 



Pitching Rules 



Before pitching the ball the pitcher must face the batsman 
with both feet squarely on the ground and in front of the 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

pitcher's plate. When the ball is delivered the pitcher must 
face the batter and one of his feet must be in contact with 
the pitcher's plate. Not more than one step must be taken in 
the act of delivery. 

AVhenever the ball after being pitched and without striking 
the ground goes over any part of home plate between the knee 
and the shoulder of the batsman it must be called a strike, 
whether the batsman strikes at it or not. 

If the pitcher fails to deliver the ball over any part of the 
plate, or if he delivers it over the plate above the shoulder or 
below the knee and the batsman declines to strike at it. it is 
called a ball, or if the bases are unoccupied, any ball delivered 
by the pitcher while either foot is not in contact with the 
pitcher's plate shall be called a ball. 

If the ball touches the ground before it passes home plate 
and is not struck at by the batsman, it is a ball and must be 
called as such by the umpire. If struck at, it is, of course, 
recorded as a strike. 

At the beginning of each inning the pitcher is allowed to 
throw five balls to the catcher or to an infielder for "warming- 
up" practice, the batsman refraining from occupying his posi- 
tion in the "box" at home plate. 

After the batsman steps into his position the pitcher must 
not throw the ball around the infield, except to retire a base 
runner. If he violates this rule and, in the opinion of the 
umpire, is trying to delay the game, the umpire may call a 
ball for every throw thus made. If the pitcher occupies more 
than twenty seconds in delivering the ball to the batter the 
umpire may call a ball for each offense of this nature. 

The pitcher must not make any motion to deliver the ball 
to the batsman and fail to do so, nor must he feint to throw 
to first base when it is occupied by a runner and fail to 
complete the throw. Violation of this rule constitutes a balk 
which gives all runners who are on the bases at the time an 
opportunity to advance a base each without being put out. 

A balk ' is also declared when the pitcher throws to any 
base to catch a runner without stepping directly toward that 
base in the act of making the throw : when either foot of the 
pitcher is behind the pitcher's plate when he delivers the ball ; 
when he fails to face the batsman in the act of delivering the 
ball ; when neither foot of the pitcher is in contact with the 
pitcher's plate in the act of delivering the ball ; when in the 
opinion of the umpire the pitcher is purposely delaying the 
game ; when he stands in his position and makes any motion 
with any part of his body corresponding to his customary mo- 
tion when pitching and fails immediately to deliver the ball ; 
when he delivers the ball to the catcher when the latter is 
outside of the catcher's box. 

When a pitched ball, at which the batsman has not struck, 
hits the batsman before the catcher touches it. the umpire must 
call it a dead ball and no base runner can advance. The 
batsman, however, must be in his position at the time that 
the ball hits him and must make every effort to get out of 
the way of the ball if he fears that it will hit him. 

If a"^ batsman makes a foul strike, if a foul hit is not 
caught, if the umpire declares a dead ball, or if a fair hit ball 
touches a base runner or umpire, if the pitcher makes a balk, 
or if there is interference with fielder or batsman, the ball is 
not in play until after it has been returned to the pitcher, 
standing in his position, and the umpire has given the word 
to resume play. No base runners may advance when the ball 
Is not in play. 



SPALDING'S OFiVlClAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

Whenever a person not engaged in the game touches a hatted 
or thrown ball, a block follows. This must at once be an- 
nounced by the umpire, and runners shall be privileged to 
advance bases until the ball is thrown to the pitcher, standing 
in his position. After that they advance at their peril. The 
pitcher may then throw a runner out wherever he sees a 
possibility of doing so. Should a spectator retain possession 
of a blocked ball, or throw it or kick it out of the reach of 
the fielder who is endeavoring to recover it, the umpire must 
call "Time," and hold all runners at such bases as they occu- 
pied wlien he called "Time" until after he has permitted play 
to resume, with the ball returned to the pitcher standing in 
his position. 

(See Rules Nos. 30-37 of Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide.) 



Battind Rules 



Before the game begins each captain must present the bat- 
ting order of his team to the umpire, who shall submit it to 
the captain of the other side. This batting order is followed 
throughout the game except when a player is substituted for 
another, the substitute batting in the order of the retired 
player. 

Each player of each nine must go to bat In his regular 
order unless a substitute has been authorized to take his 
place. 

After the first inning the first batter in each succeeding 
inning is the player following the man who completed his- 
full time at bat in the inning before. For instance, if a 
batter has but one strike in the first inning and the third 
hand be put ov;t while he is at bat. he becomes the first batter 
in the following inning, not having completed his full time at 
bat in the inning previous. In such case, any balls and 
strikes called in the previous inning do not count when he 
resumes his time at bat. 

Players of the side at bat must remain on their seats on the 
players' bench except when called upon to bat, to coach, or to 
act as substitute base runners. 

No player of the side at bat except the batsman is priv- 
ileged to stand in the space behind the catcher, or to cross it 
while the pitcher and catcher are handling the ball. 

Players sitting on the bench of the side at bat must get out 
of the way of fielders who approach them while trying to 
field a batted or thrown ball. 

Any legally batted ball that settles on fair ground (the 
infield) between home afid first base, or between home and 
third base, or that bounds from fair ground to the outfield 
inside of first base, or third base, or that touches the person of 
a player or the umpire on fair ground, is a fair hit. 

A fair hit is also any legally batted ball that first falls 
on fair territory beyond first base or third base. 

Any legally batted ball that settles on foul ground is a foul 
hit, except that a ground hit. should it roll from foul to fair 
territory between first and home and third and home, and 
remain there, is a fair hit. 

A ground hit that first strikes fair territory and rolls out- 
side of the foul line between first and home, or third and 
home, is a foul hit. 

Any legally batted ball that falls on foul territory beyond 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

first base, or third base, or that touches the person of a player 
or an umpire on foul ground, is a foul hit. 

A foul tip is the continuation of a strike which has merely 
been touched by the bat, shoots directly into the hands of the 
catcher and is held by him. 

A bunt hit is legally tapping the ball slowly within the 
infield by the batsman. If a foul result, which is not legally 
caught, the batsman is charged with a strike, whether it be 
the first, second or third strike. 

Any hit going outside the ground is fair or foul as the 
umpire judges its flight at the point at which it passes beyond 
the limitations of the enclosure in which the contest takes 
place. A legal home run over a wall or a fence can only be 
made when the wall or fence is 235 feet from the home plate. 
This rule is not invariably followed in amateur games. 

If the batsman strikes at a pitched ball and misses it, a 
strike is called. 

If the batsman fails to sti'ike at a pitched ball which passes 
over the plate at the proper height, a strike is called. 

A foul tip caught by the catcher is a strike. 

A foul hit, whether a fly or a ground hit, bounding to any 
part of foul ground, is a strike unless the batter has two 
strikes. After two strikes the batter may foul the ball without 
penalty unless he bunts or is caught out on a foul fly. 

All bunts rolling foul are strikes. If the batsman strikes 
at the ball and misses it, but the ball hits him, it is a strike. 

If the batsman, with either of his feet out of the batsman's 
box, hits the ball in any way it is a foul strike and the bats- 
man is out. 

If a batsman bats out of turn and it is discovered after 
he has completed his time at bat, but before the ball has been 
delivered to the succeeding batsman, the player who should 
have batted is out, and no runs can be scored, or bases be 
run, on any play made by the wrong batter. This penalty is 
not enforced unless the error has been discovered before the 
ball is delivered by the pitcher to the succeeding batsman. 

If the error is discovered while the wrong batsman is at 
bat, the proper player may take his place, but he must be 
charged with whatever balls and strikes have already been 
i-ecorded against the wrong batsman. Whenever this happens 
the batters continue to follow each other in their regular 
order. 

Should the batsman who is declared out for batting out of 
order be the third hand out, the proper batsman in the next 
inning is the player who would have come to bat had the side 
been retired by ordinary play in the preceding inning. 

The batsman is out if he fails to take his position within 
one minute after the umpire has called for him. 

The batsman is out if a foul fly, other than a foul tip, is 
caught by a fielder, providing the latter does not use his cap, 
his protector, or any illegal contrivance to catch the ball, and 
providing the ball does not strike some object other than a 
fielder before being caught. It has been ruled that when the 
ball lodges in the catcher's protector by accident and he 
secures it before it falls to the ground, the catch is fair. This 
is a very exceptional play. 

The batsman is out whenever he attempts to hinder the 
catcher from fielding or throwing the ball, either by stepping 
outside of the lines of his position or by deliberate obstruc- 
tion. 

The batsman is out when three strikes are called and first 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GDIDE. 

base is occupied, whether the catcher holds the ball or not, 
except there be two hands out at the time. 

The batsman is out, if, while attempting a third strike, the 
ball touches any part of his person, and base runners are not 
allowed to advance. 

Before two men are out, if the batsman pops up a fly to the 
infield with first and second, or first, second and third bases 
occupied, he is out if the umpire decides that it is an infield 
hit. The umpire shall immediately declare when the ball is 
hit whether it is an infield hit or an outfield hit. It is cus- 
tomary for the umpire to call the batter out in case that he 
decides it an infield hit, so that base runners may be pro- 
tected and not force each other out through the medium of a 
double play. 

The batsman is out on a bunt that rolls foul if the attempted 
bunt be made on the third strike. 

The batsman is out if he steps from one batsman's box to 
the other after the pitcher has taken his position to pitch. 

(See Rules Nos. 38-51 of Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide.) 



Base Running Rules 



After the batsman makes a fair hit in which he is not put 
out he must touch first, second and third bases, and then the 
home plate in regular succession in order to score a run. 

No base runner may score ahead of the men who precedes 
him in the batting ordei'. if that player is also a base runner. 

The batsman must run to first base immediately after mak- 
ing a fair hit, or when four balls have been called by the 
umpire, or when three strikes have been declared by the umpire. 

If the batsman is hit by a pitched ball, either on his per- 
son or clothing, and the umpire is satisfied that the batsman 
did not purposely get in the way of the ball, and that he 
used due precaution to avoid it, he is entitled to run to first 
base without being put out. 

The batsman is entitled to run to first base without being 
put out if the catcher interferes with him or tries to prevent 
him from striking at the ball. 

The batsman is entitled to first base, without being put 
out, if a fair hit ball hit either the person or clothing of an 
umpire or a base runner who is on fair ground. 

Whenever the umpire sends the batsman to first base after 
four balls have been called, or for being hit by a pitched ball, 
or because he has been interfered with by the catcher, all 
runners on bases immediately ahead of him may advance a 
base each without being put out. A runner on second or third 
base with first base unoccupied would not be considered a 
runner immediately ahead. 

Any base runner is entitled to advance one base when the 
umpire calls a balk. 

Any base runner is entitled to advance one base when the 
ball, after being delivered by the pitcher, passes the catcher 
and touches any fence or building within ninety feet of the 
home plate. The penalty in regard to touching a fence or 
building is frequently waived by mutual consent where the 
ground area is limited. 

If a fielder obstructs a base runner the latter may go to the 
next base without being put out, providing the fielder did not 
have the ball in his hand with which to touch the runner. 

All base runners may advance three bases whenever a fielder 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE, 

Stops or catches the ball with his cap, glove, or any part 
of his uniform detached from its proper place on his person. 

Should a thrown or pitched ball strike the person or clothing 
of an umpire on foul ground, the ball is not dead, and base 
runners are entitled to all the bases they can make. 

The base runner shall return to his base without liability 
of being put out when a foul is not legally caught, when a 
ground ball is batted foul, or when the batter illegally bats 
the ball. 

On a dead ball the runner shall return to his base without 
liability of being put out, unless it happens to be the fourth 
pitched ball to the batter, in which case, if first, or first and 
second base, or first, second and third bases be occupied, run- 
ners shall advance to the next bases in regular order. If by 
accident the umpire interferes with the catcher's throw, or a 
thrown ball hits the umpire, on fair ground, the runner must 
return to his base and is not to be put out. If a pitched 
ball is struck at by the batsman, but missed, and the ball 
hits the batsman, the runner must return to his base and 
may not be put out. If the umpire is struck by a fair hit ball 
before it touches a fielder, or the umpire declares the bats- 
man or another base runner out for interference. In any of 
the above cases the runner is not required to touch any inter- 
vening bases to reach the base to which he is legally entitled. 

If after the third strike has been called and missed by 
the catcher the then batsman attempts to hinder the catcher 
from fielding the ball, he is out. 

Any fly ball legally hit by the batsman and legally caught- 
on fair or foul ground is out. 

Three strikes are out if the catcher holds the ball. In case' 
he drops it, but picks it up, and touches the batsman, or 
throws it to first base, and the first baseman touches the base, 
or the batsman, before the latter can get to first base, the 
,batsman is out. 

Should the batsman make a fair hit and in the last half of 
the distance between home plate and first base run more tham 
three feet outside of the base line, he is out, except that he 
may run outside of the line to avoid interference with a fielder 
trying to field the ball as batted. This rule is construed rather 
liberally owing to the great speed with which runnei's go to 
first base. 

Whenever the runner is on the'way from first to second base, 
second to third base, or third base to home plate, or in reverse 
order trying to secure the base which he has just left, he 
must keep within three feet of a direct line between bases. 
If he runs out of line to avoid being touched by a fielder, he is 
out. However, if a fielder is on the line trying to field a batted 
ball, the runner may run behind him to avoid interference, and 
shall not be called out for it. 

Interference with a fielder attempting to field a batted ball 
retires the runner, unless two fielders are after the same hit, 
and the runner collides with the one whom the umpire be- 
lieves to have had the lesser opportunity to field the ball. 

The runner is always out at any time that he may be 
touched by the ball in the hands of a fielder, unless the runner 
is on the base to which he is legally entitled. The ball, how- 
ever, must be held by the fielder after he has touched the 
runner. If the runner deliberately knocks the ball out of the 
fielder's hands, to avoid being put out when not on base, he 
shall be declared out. 

If a runner fails to get back to a base after a foul or fair 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

hit fly ball is caught, other than a foul tip, before the ball i^- 
fielded to that base and legally held, or the runner be touched 
by a fielder with the ball in his hands before he can get back 
to the base last occupied, the runner is out, except that if the 
ball be thrown to the pitcher, and he delivers it to the batter, 
this penalty does not apply. If a base should be torn from its 
fastenings as the runner strikes it, he cannot be put out. 

If a runner is on first base, or runners are on first and 
second bases, or on first, second and third bases, and the ball 
shall be legally batted to fair ground, all base runners are 
forced to run, except in the case of an infield fiy (previously 
referred to), or a long fly tO' the outfield. Runners may be 
put out at any succeeding base if the ball is fielded there and 
properly held, or the runners may be touched out between 
bases in the proper manner. After a foul fly is caught, or 
after a long fly to the outfield is caught, the base runners 
have the privilege of trying for the next base. 

A base runner hit by a legally batted ball in fair territory 
is out. In such case no base shall be run, unless necessitated 
by the batsman becoming a base runner. No run shall be 
scored nor shall any other base runner be put out except the 
one hit by the batted ball, until the umpire puts the ball in 
play. 

A runner who fails to touch each base in regular or reverse 
order, when a fair play is being made, is out if the ball be 
properly held by a fielder on the base that should have been 
touched, or the runner be touched out between bases by the 
ball legally held by a fielder, provided that the ball has not 
been delivered to the batsman in the meantime by the pitcher. 

If a runner fails to return to the base that he occupied 
when "Time" was called after the umpire has announced 
"Play" he is out, provided that the pitcher has not in the 
meantime delivered the ball to the batsman. 

The runner is out if he occupies third base with no one 
out or one out and the batsman interferes with a play that is 
ibeing made at liome plate. 

The runner is out if he passes a base runner who is caught 
'between two bases. The moment that he passes the preceding 
•base runner the umpire shall declare him out. 

When the batter runs to first base he may overrun that base 
it he at once returns and retouches it. An attempt to run to 
second base renders him liable to be put out. 

If, while third base is occupied, the coacher at third base 
ishall attempt to fool a fielder who is making or trying to 
make a play on a batted ball not caught on the fly, or on 
a thrown ball, and thereby draws a throw to home plate, the 
runner on third base must be declared out. 

If one or more members of the team at bat gather around 
a base for which a runner is trying, thereby confusing the 
fielding side, the runner trying for the base shall be declared 
out. 

If a runner touches home plate before another runner pre- 
ceding him in the batting order, the former loses his right to 
third base. 

(See Rules Nos. 52-57 of Spalding's OflBcial Base Ball 
Guide.) 



Coaching Rules 



The coachers must confine themselves to legitimate direc- 
tions of the base runners only, and there must never be more 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

than two coachers on the field, one near first base and the other 
near third base. 

(See Rule No. 58 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 



Scoring of Runs 



One run shall be scored every time that a player has made 
the legal circuit of the bases before three men are out, pro- 
vided that a runner who reaches home on or during a play 
in which the third man is forced out. or the third man is put 
out before reaching first base, the runner shall not be entitled 
to score. 

A player who makes a legal hit to fair territory is entitled 
to as many bases as he can advance without being put out. 
If a fielder is unable to get the ball home until the man has 
completed the circuit of the bases, the latter is entitled to a 
home run, provided the fielder has not made a misplay in 
handling the ball. The same rule applies to the making of a 
three-base hit, a two-base hit, or a hit for one base, which is 
also known as a single. 

A force-out can be maue only when a base runner legally 
loses the right to the base he occupies by the batsman becoming 
a base runner and he is thereby obliged to advance. 

(See Rule No. 59 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 



Ground Rules 



Any special ground rules shall be understood by both team 
captains and the umpire, or umpires, in case there be two 
officials. The captain of the home club establishes the ground 
rules, but if the visiting captain objects, the matter must be left 
to the umpire, who has final jurisdiction. 

(See Rule No. 69 of Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.) 



Umpire's Duties 



TVTien there are two umpires, the umpire behind the plate 
is the "Umpii*e-in-Chief," and the umpire on the bases the "Field 
Umpire." The ''Umpire-in-Chief has full charge of the game, 
makes all decisions on balls and strikes and decides all fair 
and foul hits. If a ball is hit fair, with a runner on first, 
he must go to third to make a possible decision ; with more 
than one base occupied, he decides whether a runner on third 
base leaves the base before a fiy ball is caught, and if a runner 
is caught between third and home, with more than one base 
occupied he decides on the runner nearest home plate. He, 
alone, can forfeit a game. 

The Field Umpire makes the other decisions. 

When there is but one umpire he has complete jurisdiction 
over everything. 

The umpire has the right to call a draw game, whenever a 
storm interferes, if the score is equal on the last inning played. 
Calling a "draw game" must not be confounded with calling 
"time." 

If the side second at bat is at bat when a storm breaks, 
and the game is subsequently terminated without further play, 
and this side has scored the same number of runs as the other 
side, the umpire can call the game a draw without regard to 
the score of the last equal inning. In other words, the game 
is a draw just as it rests. 



SPALDING'S OrnCIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

Under like conditions if tlie side second at bat has scored 
more runs than the side first at bat, it shall be declared the 
\\ inner, all runs for both sides being counted. 

A game can be forfeited by the umpire if a team refuses to 
take the field within five minutes after he has called "Play" ; 
if one side refuses to play after the game has begun ; if, after 
the umpire has suspended play, one side refuses to play after 
he has again called "Play" ; if one side tries to delay the 
game ; if the rules are violated after warning by the umpire ; 
if there are not nine players on a team after one has been 
removed bj the umpire. The umpire has the right to remove 
players for objecting to decisions or for behaving in an un- 
gentlemanly manner. 

Only by the consent of the captain of an opposing team may 
a base runner have a player of his own side run for him. 

Play may be suspended by the umpire because of rain, and 
if rain falls continuously for thirty minutes the ump4re may 
terminate the game. The umpire may call "Time" for any 
valid reason. 



Umpire's Authority 



Under no circumstances shall a captain or player dispute- 
the accuracy of an umpire's judgment and decision on a play. 
If the captain thinks the umpire has erred in interpretation 
of the rules he may appeal to the umpire, but no other player 
is privileged to do so. 

(See Rules Nos. 60-77 of Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide.) 



General Definitions 



"Play" is the order of the umpire to begin the game or to- 
resume it after "Time" has been called. 

"Time" is the order of the umpire to suspend play tem- 
porarily, 

"Game" is the announcement of the umpire that the contest 
is terminated. 

"Inning" is the time at bat of one team and is terminated 
when three of that team have been legally put out. 

"Time at Bat" is the duration of a batter's turn against 
the pitcher until he becomes a base runner in one of the ways 
prescribed in the previous rules. In scoring a batter is exempt 
from a time at bat if he is given a base on balls, if he makes 
a sacrifice hit, if he is hit by a pitched ball, or if he is inter- 
fered with by the catcher. 

(See Rules Nos. 78-82 of Spalding's Official Base Ball 
Guide.) 



Scoring Rules 



Each side may have Its own scorer and In case of disagree- 
ment the umpire shall decide, or the captain of each team 
may agree upon one scorer for the match. 

(See Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide for the Scoring 
Rules, and Spalding's Athletic Library, No. 350 — "How- 
to Score," Price 10 Cents. 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

The Cork Center Base Ball 

When a distinct innovation is made in a pastime and sport of 
the importance of Base Ball it is assured that it will attract 
world-wide attention. Base Ball is a world-wide sport, even 
though it is our national game. 

Were a flat bat, or an octagon bat, or a new spike or something 
of the sort to be tested all results marking the effort to attempt 
its introduction would be watched with attention and with careful 
discrimination throughout the sporting world. 

For that reason it is more than probable that nothing during 
the season of 1910, except the actual playing of the games, 
attracted closer observation among the students of Base Ball than 
the introduction of the new cork-center ball. 

Offhand, if one were to make the assertion that too much rubber 
in a ball had a tendency to make it dead, the incredulous and 
skeptical would begin to laugh. Yet it has been proved by experi- 
ment that such is the case. 

Rubber seems to give life to the bounce of a ball, but it 
does not add to its traveling ability. In boyhood days this seemed 




A- m. 


m- 




Cork "^ 


Ij. - "^ 


cj'y 


Center N 


% ^ 


^ C-BIue 


B- 


^<i ^-^^ 


'^ \3l'ool Yarn 


Rubber 


^^"^ — . _- --— "*^ 


D-White 


Covec _ 


„ £=BlueJS'ooU('an».. 


Wool Yam 



to be frequently noted when it was customary to play "barney 
ball" with a solid rubber ball. Of course, it was not a ball which 
was as large as a base ball. It would bouncr high from the 
ground and continue in a succession of lively and energetic 
bounds. Yet if a solid rubber ball of the same weight as a base 
ball were used in a Base Ball game it was never possible to bat 
it so successfully, even with less capable pitching, as it was the 
3arn wound ball with a resilient center. 

When the cork-center ball was tried in 1910 the problem was 
to produce a ball which would be as good or better than that 
which had been in use in the past. 

It is a well-known fact that all who are directly interested in 
the production of Base Ball have been striving for a ball which 
would be neither too lively nor too dead. To arrive at that happy 
medium was no easy task. Off and on experiments of various kinds 
had been attempted, the idea being to find a suitable foundation 
for the ball which would not detract from its life, and which, at 
the same size and weight, might add to its carrying power and 
to its general efficiency in play, both at bat and in the field. 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

It is easy for any one to understand that this was a task of 
no mean efifort. 

The cork-center ball was the creation of those who had centered 
their thought upon producing the best for the best of games. 
At the beginning of the season there were a few players, like all 
who are aware that an experiment is being attempted, who wore 
prone to charge their shortcomings to the employment of the new 
ball. If they failed for the moment the ball was held to be at 
fault to escape the criticism of the public for the player. 

At the end of the season the unanimous verdict of the experi- 
enced men of Base Ball was that the cork-center ball was the 
biggest hit which had been made in years. Indeed, they were 
firmly impressed with the conviction that it was by far the best 
ball which had been used in championship contests since the first 
league game in Base Ball history. 

The cork-center ball possessed the quality of lasting throughout 
a game. Every Base Ball enthusiast knows what that means. If 
there is one thing more annoying than another in a hard-fought 
Base Ball contest it is to find the ball growing soggy and dead 
as the innings progress. 

Our amateurs, who, perhaps, use a base ball even more thor- 
oughly than the professionals, owing to the tendency on the part 
of spectators to help themselves too freely in paid contests to 
balls which happen to be batted into the crowd, are never so 
happy and so well pleased as when they find themselves in posses- 
sion of a Base Ball which, at the end of the ninth inning, is giving 
as much satisfaction as it did in the first. As a matter of fact, 
during the season of 1910 it was the verdict of amateurs who 
were trying the cork-center ball, that the new model was fre- 
quently better and easier to handle toward the close of the 
game than it had been at the start in its first stiffness from the 
factory. That is the finest indorsement which any base ball could 
have. 

The testimony of professional players was freely offered as to 
the "lasting power" of the cork-center base ball. Repeatedlv, 
when talking about its merits, they dwelt upon the fact that "it 
was as easy to hit hard and successfully in the final inning as it 
was in the first. 

That means everything to the professional. A ball which has 
become soggy, and which is without the elastic foundation which 
is given by the cork center, is likely to be so devoid of life in 
the finishing stages of a game that it is almost impossible to make 
a rally with it. A team which is behind finds it out of the 
question to gain enough runs to come up with its adversaries or 
enough to win. 

In this connection particular attention is called to the season 
of 1910 in regard to the recurring rallies day after day through- 
out the season. Ninth inning finishes, the most spectacular of 
all, were common. Games ran into extra innings and not infre- 
quently in such extra-innings contests a high total was run up 
in an inning beyond the fixed life of the game — nine innings — ■ 
showing that the ball still retained its life and vigor. 

There are repeated instances of three-base hits and home runs 
in the closing innings of games in which but one or two base balls 
had been used throughout the afternoon, showing that the ball 
retained form and the necessary elasticity to make it as respon- 
sive as ever to the bat. 

There were fewer complaints than ever on the part of pitchers 
that the ball was so "punky" that thev were unable to obtain a 
good grasp upon its surface. If anybody is quick to complaia 



SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE. 

about the ball it is the pitcher, who must have a perfect sphere 
if he expects to maintain his best skill in the bos. 

From testimony which has been gathered everywhere in the 
United States and from the opinions of men who are expert 
students of Base Ball, and very accurate observers of its condi- 
tions, there can be no doubt that the cork-center ball is another 
evolution in making the national pastime dearer to the hearts 
of both those who witness and participate in it. 

That the game is faster is attested by the free hitting, which 
lasts until the final inning is played, and that it is more accurate 
is assured, inasmuch as it is evident that the fielders are far 
better able to handle a ball with precision if it retains its normal 
shape. 

The good which is to be done by the cork-center base ball has 
only just begun. There is little doubt that the games to be played 
in 1911 will be more attractive and better than ever with the 
cork-center base ball in use. 

It must be recognized that although Base Ball is a sport and 
a pastime, it is one which necessitates tools for the players, and 
the more perfect the tools the more evident it is that the sport 
will be closer to perfection. 

The man who hit upon the happy expedient of a cork center, 
in place of the base ball which had previously been in use. was 
certainly wise in making his choice, and five years from now it 
is practically assured that Base Ball historians will be measuring 
their recital of certain incidents from the time that the cork- 
center base ball came into vogue. 

The Spalding Cork Center Ball was used in the World Series. 
What Managers Mack and Chance think of it is expressed in the 
following letters : 

Chicago, November 2, 1910. 
Messrs. A. G. Spalding & Bros., 

149 Wabash Ave., Chicago. 111. 
Gentlemen : 

In the World's Championship Series between the Chicago 
National League club and the Philadelphia American League club, 
three games of which were played on the Chicago grounds. I wish 
to advise you that the Official National League Balls furnished by 
you and used in those three games were in every way most satis- 
factory, and also to say that during mv Base Ball "experience I 
have never played with a better base bail than those used in the 
Chicago series. yours very truly, 

FRANK L. CHANCE, 
Manager Chicago National League Club. 

Philadelphia, November 2, 1910. 
Messrs. A. G. Spalding & Bros.. 

126 Nassau St., New York. 
Gentlemen : 

In the recent World Series between the Philadelphia American. 
League club and the Chicago National League club I wish to state 
that the Official National League Balls used in the three games 
played in Chicago were of exceptional quality, and I am further 
glad to state that in my Base Ball experience I have never seen 
a better base ball than the balls used in the three games above 
referred to. Yours truly. 

CONNIE MACK. 
Manager Philadelphia American League Club. 




X 



•If 



"PLAY BALL." 

The A. G. Spalding Bronze Championship Trophy for Public Schools 
Athletic Leagues, 

The above group is executed in bronze, the figures being 18 inches high, 
and was presented to the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New 
York by Mr. A. G. Spalding as a perpetual trophy for annual competition 
between the elementary schools of Greater New York, the winning school 
to have custody of the statuette for one year. In the first competition, 
held in 1905, 1C3 schools were entered, the winner being Public School 46, 
Manhattan. Public School 10, Brooklyn, won in 1906 and again in 1907; 
Public School 9 of Brooklyn won it in 1908, Public School 28, Borough of 
the Bronx, in 1909 and 1910. The offer was subsequently extended, by 
request, to other large cities where regularly organized Public Schools 
Athletic Leagues exist. San Francisco held a competition under these 
conditions in 1909, the winner being Horace Mann Grammar School. 
Hancock School winning it in 1910. In New Orleans, McDonogh No. 9 
School won it in 1909 and McDonogh No. 17 School in 1910 (88 schools 
competing). In Cleveland Warren High School won the trophy in 1910. 




"SLIDING TO SECOND." 
Bronze Trophy presented by Mr. A. G. Spalding in 1908 to the Pubhc 
Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, to be competed lor annu- 
ally by the High Schools in that organization. The first winner was 
Commercial High School. Manhattan, 1908; Morris High School won it m 
1909, and Commercial High School, Brooklyn, m 1910. 




THE A. G. SPALDING CHAMPIONSHIP "CHAIN" TROPHY 

PLAQUE. 
Donated by Mr. A. G. Spalding- in 1910 for competition between schools 
in regularly organized Public Schools Athletic Leagues where a small 
number of teams compete. Trophies were awarded to the winners in the 
following cities: Oshkosh, Wis. (Merrill School); Houston, Tex. (Fannin 
School); Racine, Wis.; San Diego, CaL; Hartfoi'd, Conn. 




PRESIDENT TAFT AT OPENING GAME OF SEASON OF 1910, 

AT WASHINGTON. 

Autographed Ball presented by President Taft to Walter Johnson, the 

Washington pitcher. 



OFFICIAL RULES FOR ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS. 

The following list contains the Group and the Number of the book of 
Spalding's Athletic Library in which the rules wanted are contained. See 
front pages of book for complete list of Spalding's Athletic Library. 



Event. 



AU-Round Athletic Cham- 
pionship 

A. A. U. Athletic Rules 

A. A. U. Boxing Rules 

A. A. U. Gymnastic Rules. . 
A. A. U. Water Polo Rules. 
A. A. U. WrestUng Rules. . . 

Archery 

Badminton 

Base Ball 

Indoor 

Basket Ball, Official 

Collegiate 

Women's 

Water 

Basket Goal 

Bat Ball 

Betting 

Bowling 

Boxing— A. A. U., Marquis 

of Queensbury, London 

Prize Ring 

Broadsword (mounted) 

Caledonian Games 

Canoeing 

Children's Games 

Court Tennis 

Cricket 

Croquet 

Curling 

Dog Racing 

Fencing 

Foot Ball 

A Digest of the Rules 

Association (Soccer) 

English Rugby 

Canadian 

Golf 

Golf -Croquet 

Hand Ball 

Hand Polo 

Hand Tennis 

Hitch and Kick 

Hockey 

Ice 

Field 

Garden 

Lawn 

Parlor 

Ring 

Ontario Hockey Ass'n 

Indoor Base Ball 

Intercollegiate A. A. A. A. . 

I.-C. Gymnastic Ass'n 

Lacrosse 

U. S. I.-C. liacrosse League 



0, 






2 


No. 


o 




12 


182 


12 


12a 


12 


12a 


12 


12a 


12 


12a 


12 


12a 


11 


248 


11 


188 


1 


1 


9 


9 


7 


7 


7 


323 


7 


7A 


12 


55 


6 


188 


12 


55 


12 


55 


11 


341 


14 


162 


12 


55 


12 


55 


13 


23 


11 


189 


11 


194 


3 


3 


11 


138 


11 


14 


12 


55 


14 


165 


2 


2 


2 


344 


2 


2a 


12 


55 


2 


332 


5 


5 


6 


188 


11 


13 


10 


188 


11 


194 


12 


55 


6 


304 


6 


6 


6 


154 


6 


188 


6 


188 


6 


188 


12 


55 


6 


256 


9 


9 


12 


339 


15 


345 


8 


201 


8 


8 



Event. 



Lawn Bowls 

Lawn Games 

Lawn Tennis 

Obstacle Races 

Olympic Game Events— Mar- 
athon Race, Stone Throw- 
ing with Impetus, Spear 
Throwing, HellenicMethod 
of Throwing Discus, Dis- 
cus, Greek Style for Youths 

Pigeon Flying 

Pin Ball 

Playground Ball 

Polo (Equestrian) 

Polo, Rugby 

Polo, Water (A. A. U.) 

Potato Racing 

Professional Racing, Shef- 
field Rules 

Public Schools Athletic 

League Athletic Rules 

Girls' Branch ; including 
Rules for School Gamies . 

Push Ball 

Push Ball, Water 

Quoits 

Racquets 

Revolver Shooting 

Ring Hockey 

Roller Polo 

Roller Skating Rink 

Roque 

Rowing 

Sack Racing 

Shuffleboard 

Skating 

Skittles 

Snowshoeing 

Squash Racquets 

Swimming 

Tether Tennis 

Three-Legged Race 

Volley Ball 

Wall Scaling 

Walking 

Water Polo (American) 

Water Polo (English) 

Wicket Polo 

Wrestling 

Y. M. C. A. All-Round Test. 

Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules. . 

Y. M. C. A. Hand Ball Rules, 

Y.M.C. A. Pentathlon Rules, 

Y.M.C.A. Volley Ball Rules, 



THESPALDING(^))TRADEMARK 



GUARANTEES 
QUALITY 



UdeUc Shirts, Tights and TrunliS 



STOCK COLORS AND SIZES. WORSTED GOODS, BEST QUAUTY. We 
carry lollowing colors regularly in stock: Black, Navy Blue and 
Maroon, in stock sizes. Shirts, 26 to 44 in. chest. Tights, 28 
2 in. waist. Othi;r colors and sizes made to order at special prices. Estimates on application. OUR No. 600 LINE WORSTED GOODS. Furnished is 
i and White, Navy Blue, Maroon and Black only. Stock sizes : Shirts, 26 to 44 in. chest. Tights, 28 to 42 in. waist. SANITARY COTTON GOODS; 
rs : Bleached White, Navy, Black, Maroon and Gray. Stock sizes : Shirts, 26 to 44 in. chest. Tights, 26 to 42 in. waist. 

~ Spalding Sleeveless Shirts 

No. lE. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. Each,$3.00 
No.eOO.Cutworsted, stock colorsandsizes, Each,$ I .25 ir$12.60Dz 

No.eE. Sanitary Cotton, stock colors and sizes. , -.50* Ji.75 

Spalding Striped Sleeveless Shirts 

No. 600S. Cut Worsted, with 6-inch stripe around chest, in following com- 
binations of colors; Navy with White stripe; Black with Orange stripe; Maroon 
with White stripe; Red with Black stripe; Royal Blue with White stripe; Black 
with Red stripe; Gray with Cardinal stripe. .Each, $ 1 .50 * $15.00 Doz 
No. 6ES. Sanitary Cotton, solid color body, with 6-inch stripe around chest, 
in same combinations of colors as No. 600S. Each, 75c.* $7.50 Doz 

Spalding Shirts vfith Sash 

^^^^h^ No. 6WD. Sanitary Cotton, sleeveless, with woven sash of different color 

HHHf from body. Same combinations of colors as No. 600S. To order only; Twt 

f^lSHIM carried in stock. . . . Each, S I .25 * $12.00 Doz. 

iii^k iiPii No. 6ED. Sanitary Cotton, sleeveless, solid color body with sash stitched] 

^^f ili on of different color. Same combinations of colors as No. 600S. 
^if Each, 75c. * $7.50 Doz. 

Il'ill 

No. 6WD 





No 600S 



No. 1 F. 
No.eoi 

N0.6F. 

No. 3D. 




Spalding Quarter Sleeve Shirts 

Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. Ea. , $3.00 
. Cut Worsted, stock colors and sizes. Ea., $ 1 .50 * $15.00 Doz., 
Sanitary Cotton, stock colors and sizes. "' > 50 * Jf.75 

Spalding Full Sleeve Shirts 

Cotton, Flesh, White, Black. Each. $ I .OO • $10.00 Doz. 

Spalding Running Pants 

No. 1 . White or Black 






Sateen, fly front, lace back. 
Pair. S 1 .25 * $12.00 Doz. 
No. 2. White or Black 
lateen, fly front, lace back. 
'Pair, S 1 .00 * $10.00 Doz. 
N0.3. WhiteorBlackSilesia, 
fly front, lace back. 

Pair, 7Bc.if $7.80Doz. ^ 
No. 4. White, Black or Gray I 
^ilesia, fly front, lace back. 

Pair, SOc.ir $5.00 Doz. L 




Spalding Knee Tights 

No. I B. Best. Worsted, full 
fashioned, stock colors and 
sizes. Pair, $3.00 

No. 604. Cut Worsted, stock 
colors and sizes. 

Pair, S 1 .25 * $12.60 Doz. 
No. 4B. Sanitary Cotton, stock 
colors and sizes. 

Pair, 50c. ir $i.75 Doz. 

Spalding 
N,.,B FuU Length Tights 

. I A. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock 

5rs and sizes. Per pair, S4.00 Efflf W Silk Ribbon Stripes down sides of any of these 

. 605- Cut Worsted, stock colors and WS H running pants. Fa\r,extra, 25c. ir $2. iO Doz. 

;s. /Per pair, S2.00 -k $21.60 Doz. ^ ^A gjik Ribbon Stripe around waist on ai^ of 

Cotton, full quality. White, Black, -fflpr ^^ these running pants. 

Per pair. » I .OO * $10.00 Doz. ^ ^fu^i^ ^ Pair, extra, 26c . * $2.JfO Doz. 

Spalding Worsted Trunks Spalding Velvet Trunks 

No. I . Best Worsted, Black, Maroon No. 3. Fine Velvet. Colors: Black 
andNaw Pair $2.00 Navy,RoyalBlue,Maroon. Special col- 

anaxNavy. rair, 3,^.uu orstoorder. Pair.S 1 .00*^i0.00£'o 

No. 2. Cut Worsted, Navy and Black. ^^_ ^^ Sateen, Black, White. 
Special colors to order. Pair, S I .OO Pajr, 50c. * $5.00 Doz. 

No. 65. Sleeveless Shirt, quality of No. 600. ^ Each, $ I .OO 

No.65S. Sleeveless Shirt, quality of No. 600S. " 1 .25 

No. 66. Quarter Sleeve Shirt, quality of No. 601. " 1 .25 

No. 6 4. Knee Tights, quality of No. 604. " 1.15 

No.44. Running Pants, quality of No. 4. Pair, .45 




PALDING 
UVENILE 
SHIRTS, 

IGHTS AND 

PANTS 



ONLY SIZES 
SUPPLIED 
Chest, 26 to 30 
inches, inclusive; 
Waist, 24 to 26 
inches, inclusive. 



prices printed in italics opposite items marked with * will be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or 
more. Quantity prices NOT alloived on items NOT marked with * 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO 
ANY COMMUNICATIONS 
AODBESSED TO US " 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect Januftty S, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices lee special Canadian Catalogue. 



ACCEPT NO 
SUBSTITUTE 



THE SRALDINGiaDTRADEIVIARK ^Slf 




SPECIAL 



As a special inducement to schoolboys who are interested 
in athletic sports, A. G. Spald- [ 



:nc 



:nc 



3D 



ing & Bros, are now offering --p. 



g' 



ese shirts are suitabL 
for indoor and outdoo 

E^ „ track and field use, baske 

llejnmeOtary bail and general gymna 

sium wear, and are niad< 
in the same style as thos« 
w^orn by leading iiithletes 
Sizes : 26 to 30 inches, inclusive, chest measurement 

No. 16. SPALDING'S ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ^g 
ATHLETIC SHIRT Z0)( 

r 

For complete list of A thief ir CnnJs see Stialdinps Athletic Goods catalogue 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 

JINY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDBESSEO TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS, 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST Of STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT eOVEH 

OF THIS BOM 






Pric«» in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to chanjfe without notice. For Canadian price* »ee tpedal Canadian Catalogue. 



suBsmui^ THE SPALDING Ig^TRADblVIAKK "-^r 




SPECIAL 



« Uniform with Spalding's Elementary School Athletic Shirt 

advertised on opposite page) i mi i n i i n i i 

A. G. Spalding & Bros, offer 



i<; 



Elementary 



These pants are suitable 
for indoor and outdoor 
track and field use, basket 
ball and general gymna- 
sium wear, and are made 
in the same style as those 
worn by leading athletes. 
Sizes: 24 to 26 inches, inclusive, waist measurement. 

No. 17. SPALDING'S ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ^ 
ATHLETIC PANTS d 

For complete list of A thletic Goods see Spalding's A thletic Goods catalogue. 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADORESSEO TO OS 



A.G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



1 FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadiah Catalogue. 



teTHE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK TuAUTY 




Spalding 

Running Shoes 

No. 2-0. This Running 
Shoe is made of the finest 
Kangaroo leather; extreme- 
ly light and glove fitting. 
Best English steel spikes 
firmly riveted on. 

Per pair, $6.00 
No. lO. Finest Calfskin 
Running Shoe; light w^eight, 
hand made, six spikes. 

Per pair, S5.00 
No. I I T. Calfskin, machine 
made, solid leather tap sole 
holds spikes firmly in place. 

Per pair, $4.00 
No. I I . Calfskin, machine 
made. Per pair, $3.00. 

Juvenile 
Running Shoes 

No. 1 2. Outdoor Leather 
Running Shoes, complete 
with spikes, in sizes 12 to 5 
only. Per pair, $2.60 

No. 115. Indoor Leather 
Running Shoes, without 
spikes, in boys' sizes, 12 to 5 
inclusive, only Pair,$2.,O0L 

Indoor 
Running Sltoes 

With or Without Spikes 
No. III. Fine leather, rub- 
ber tipped sole, with spikes. 
Per pair, $4. CO 
No. 112. Leather shoe, 
special corrugated rubber 
tap sole, no spikes. $3.00i 
No. 114. Leather shoe, rub- 
ber tipped, no spikes. $2, 50 

Indoor 
Jumping Shoes 

With or Without Spil<es 

No. 2 I O. Hand made, best 
leather, rubber soles.SS.OO 




NO. to 



p^^g^^0m 




Protection for 
Running Shoe Spilces 




iNo. N. Thick 
wood, shaped 
and perforated to accomodate 
spikes. Per pair. 50c. 



Spalding special Grips 

With Elastic 




No. I. Atliletic Grips 

Selected cork, shaped to fit 
hollow of hand. Pair, 15c. 



Ctiamois Pushers 

No. 5. Fine chamois skin 
and used with runni 
walking, jumping and 
other athletic 
shoes. 
Pair. 25c. 




PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 
ANY COMMUNICATIONS 
^ AODRESSEO TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to chanse without notice. For Canadian orices lee iDecial Canadian Catalosu 



uTElHbbKALUINUl,!^; IRAUt-MARK "quality 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 
GROUP XII.^' No. 331. 



Group XII. NoSM . Pr.cclOc.Ml. 

gPAmNGg 

i^HOOKARD ' '^ 

•iVFHLBTICS p*^;i:i 



xJ.E. SULLIVAN 



Schoolyard 
Athletics 

By J. E. SUIiLIYAN 

; President Amateur Athletic Union; 
Member Board of Education Greater New York. 

THE great interest in ath- 
letics that has developed 
- in the public schools 
within recent years has led to 
the compilation of this book 
with a view to the systemiza- 

tion of the various events that form the distinctively 
athletic feature of school recreation. With its aid any. 
teacher should be able to conduct a successful meet, while 
the directions given for becoming expert in the various _ 
lines will appeal to the pupil. Some of the leading 
athletes have contributed chapters on their specialties: 
Ray Ewry, holder of the world's high jump record, tells 
how to practice for that event; Harry Hillman, holder of 
the hurdle and three-legged records, gives hints on hurdle 
racing and three-legged racing ; Martin Sheridan, all- 
around champion of America, gives directions for putting 
the shot; Harry F. Porter, high jump expert, describes 
how to become proficient in that event. The book is 
illustrated with photos taken especially for it in public 
schoolyards. PRICE 10 CENTS 



PROMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE IfST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices aee special Canadian Catalogue. 



CAUTION BASEBm BOYS 

^ Because of your youth and inexperience, advantage is frequently 
taken of you base ball boys, by the^ so called "Just as Good" dealer, who 
tries to palm off on you some of his "Just as Good" Base Ball goods, made 
especially for him by the "Just as Good" manufacturer, when you call 
for the Spalding goods. You are cautioned not to be deceived by thig 
"Just as Good" combination, for when you get onto the field you wilJ 
find these " Just as Good " Balls, Bats, Mitts, etc., will not stand the wear 
and punishment of the genuine Spalding articles. Remember that 
Spalding goods are standard the world over, and are used by all the leading 
clubs and players. These "Just as Good " manufacturers endeavor to 
copy the Spalding styles, adopt the Spalding descriptive matter and Spald- 
ing list prices, and then try to see how very cheap and showy they can 
make the article, so the " Just as Good " dealer can work off these imi- 
tations on the unsuspecting boy. 

Don't be deceived by the attractive 25 to 40 per cent, discount that 
may be offered you, for remember that their printed prices are arranged 
for the special purpose of misleading you and to enable the "Just as 
Good " dealer to offer you this special discount bait. This "discount" 
pill that the "Just as Good " dealer asks you to swallow is sugar coated 
and covered up by various catchy devices, that are well calculated to 
deceive the inexperienced boy, who will better understand these tricks of 
the trade as he grows older. Remember that all Spalding Athletic Goods 
are sold at the established printed prices, and no dealer is permitted to 
sell them at a greater or less price. Special discounts on Spalding Goods 
are unknown. Everybody is treated alike. This policy persistently 
adhered to makes it possible to maintain from year to year the high 
quality of Spalding Athletic Goods, which depend for their sale on Spald- 
ing Quality, backed by the broad Spalding Guarantee, and not on any 
deceiving device like this overworked and fraudulent " Discount " scheme 
adopted by all of the "Just as Good " dealers. 

Occasionally one of these "Just as Good" dealers will procure some 
of the Spalding well known red boxes, place them in a showy place on 
his shelves, and when Spalding Goods are called for, will take from these 
Spalding boxes one of the "Just as Good " things, and try to palm it off 
on the boy as a genuine Spalding article. When you go into a store and 
ask for a Spalding article, see to it that the Spalding Trade-Mark is on 
that article, and if the dealer tries to palm off on you something "Just as 
€rood,"politelybowyourself out and go to another store, where the gen- 
uine Spalding article can be procured. 

In purchasing a genuine Spalding Athletic article, you are protected 
by the broad Spalding Guarantee, which reads as follows j 

■We Guarantee to each purchaser of an article bearing the 
Spalding Trade-Mark that such article will give satisfaction and 
a reasonable amount of service, when used for the purpose for 
which it was intended and under ordinary conditions and fair 
treatment. 

We Agree to repair or replace, free of charge, any such article 
which proves defective in material or workmanship: PRO VIDEDt 
such defective article is returned to us, transportation prepaid^ 
within thirty days after purchase {except where otherwise stipu- 
lated on special guarantee tag attached to certain articles) , and 
accompanied by a letter from the user, giving his name and ad- " ^ 
dress, and explaining the claim, j^^ q, SPALDING & BROS. 
Beware of the "Just as Good " manufacturer, who makes " pretty " 
Athletic Goods (as if they were for use as an ornament) at the expense 
of "quality," in order to deceive the dealer; and beware of the substi- 
tute-dealer who completes the 
fraud by offering the 
"Just as Good" ar- 
ticle when Spalding 
Goods are asked for. 







ii^P^^l^^n^. 



s™T!lUHESPALDING((it) TRADE-MARK ^S^^^^^^ 



QUALITY 



ff 



Spalding 

Official National League" Ball 



(REG. U. S. PAT. OFF.) 



CORK CENTER 




Official Ball of 

the Game for 
over Thirty Years 



This ball has the SpaldingT 
"Patented" Cork Center, 

and it is made throughout in the 
best possible manner and of high- 
est quality material obtainable. 



Adopted by the National 
League in 1878, and the 

only ball used in Champion- 
ship games since that time. 
Each ball wrapped in tin- 
foil, packed in a separate 
box, and sealed in accord- 
ance with the latest League 
regulations. Warranted to 
last a full game when used 
under ordinary conditions. 



The Spalding "National Association" 
Ball at $1.00 each is the highest 
grade Pure Para Rubber Center ball 



A. G. SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



i FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Pricei in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian price* tee (pecial Canadian Catalogue. 



D 



The 
Official Ball 



In adopting the Spalding 
Official National League 
Ball for TWENTY YEARS 

the Secretary of the National 
League, Mr. John A. Heydler 
gave the following as the 
reason for this action : 



"The Spalding Ball was adopted by the 
National League for Twenty Years, because 
we recognized it as the best ball made. We 
have used it satisfactorily for Thirty-four 
Years. The new Cork Center Ball, intro- 
duced for the first time last year and used 
in the World*s Series, we believe to be the 
only ball for the future, and it is absolutely 
the best that has been used by the National 
League in its history." 

— mr 



xne spaiaing "i;orK i;enier" umciai xvaiionai mjcslsuc isau was asea in ine 
World Series between the Chicago *'Cabs" and the Philadelphia "^Metics.*' 
The opinions of the Managers of the opposing teams are gfiven on this page. 

The Spalding "Official Naflonal League" BaU 



A 
SPALDING 
TRIUMPH 



ef 



CORK CENTER' 

THE BEST BASE BALL EVER MADE 



ANOTHER 

STEP 
FORWARD 



Philadelphia, November 2, 1310. 



A. G. Spalding & Bros., 



In tne recent Vorld Series between 
Philadelphia American League Club 
and the Chicago National League Club 
ifish to state that the Official Ka- 
Dnal League Balls used in the thtee 
nes played In Chicago were of except* 
onal quality, and I am further glad to 
tate that in my base ball experience 

han the balls used In the three game* 
bove referred to 



Ugr Philadelphia 




Rubber 

Cover E-BIue Wool Yam 

has not only improved the ball- 



Gentlemen. 

In the World's Championship Sen 
between the Chicago National League 
Club and the Philadelphia Acrarican 
League Club, three games of which we: 
played on the Chicago grounds, I wis! 
to advise you that the Official Ka- 
tionaj League Balls furnished by you 



to say tha' 






i£Z^^ <2t 



C-Blue 
Wool Yarn 
D-White 
Wool Yarn 

The Spalding "Cork Center" has not only improved the ball — it has also improved the game. Base ball 
played with the Spalding "Cork Center" Ball is as far in advance of the game played with an ordinary rubber 
center ball as the game played v*rith the Spalding Official National League Ball of 1 909 and before was in 
advance of the original game with the home made ball composed of a slice from a rubber shoe, some yarn 
from dad's woolen sock, and a cover made of leather bought from the village cobbler and deftly wrapped 
and sewed on by a patient mother after her day's work was done. 

Base Ball to-day is no haphazard amusement, it is a scientific pastime, a sport of almost geometric 
exactitude. It commands the best that is in men of national prominence, and gives in return the plaudits of 
millions who testify by their presence and enthusiasm to the wonderful hold which this most remarkable game 
has upon the feelings of the great American Public. 

Anything which results in making the game more interesting to the spectators js good for the game itself, 
providing it does not interfere with the development of the sport as an athletic pastime. The Spalding 
"Cork Center" Ball makes the game faster— we have 
the testimony of hundreds of players to this effect- 
it makes it more accurate and even, the ball holding 
its life right through the game— not getting soggy or 
dead in the last innings — "you can make a home run 
in the ninth inning as easily as in the first," as Roger 
Bresnahan says. 

It is well for the youth of America to learn the 
lesson that while the cheapest things are very seldom 
the best things, the best are always the cheapest 
in the end. The price of the genuine Spalding 

''Official National League" Ball is $1.25 

each — no more and no less. The market abounds 
with so-called "League Balls," all listed at $1.25 each, 
for the sole purpose of deceiving the purchaser and 
enabling the "just as good" dealer to work the dis- 
count scheme on the boy who is not posted. 

This is the reason why bright boys always insist 
upon the Spalding Ball and decline to accept any 
substitute. To many parents, a ball is a ball; but to 
the American lad who knowrs, only a Spalding Ball is 
the genuine and Official Ball of the game, and substi- 
tutien of "something equally as good" does not go 
with him, for he has learned that to become a good 
ball player and get the greatest pleasure out of the 
game, he must use the same ball that all the leading 
professional players use — and this is the Spalding 

''Official National League" Ball. 



TO THOSE WHO PLAY BASE BALL 

Every modification we have ever adopted In 
the constrnctlon of oar Ofliclal League Ball has 
been decided npon after exhaustive experiments, 
always with the sole purpose of Improving the 
qualities of the ball. The last improvement was 
In the core itself. The result is that the 1911 
Spalding Official League Ball is the best type 
of ball we have ever turned out. It is more 
durable, more uniform in resistance, and holds 
its spherical shape better than any type of base 
ball made heretofore by anybody. I consider 
the 1911 Spalding Official League Ball nearer 
perfection than any base ball ever made. I 
personally investigated this Improvement when 
it was first proposed in 1908. I then had an 
exhaustive series of experiments and tests 
made to determine whether the core could be 
improved. I was present at these experiments 
and found that unquestionably the 1911 type 
of ball was a great Improvement from the 
standpoint of the ball player as well as the 
durability of the ball itself. I therefore auth- 
orize the following statement: ' 

THE SPALDING 1911 OFFICIAL LEAGUE BALL 
is the best base ball that has ever been 
manufactured and sold by anybody. 



ACCEPT NO 
SUBSTITUTE 



THE SPALDING(g))TRADE MARK 



GUARANTEES! 
QUALITY . 



Spalding 

National Assodation No. NA Ball 

Pure Para Rubber Center 

THE BEST RUBBER CENTER BASE BAXL ON THE MARKET 




Each, - - - $1.00 
Per Dozen, $12.00 



^SL 



THIS ball is made to 
comply with all the 
rules governing the 
National and Ameri- 
can Leagues and all 
Leagues working under 
the National Agreement 
and is superior to any ball 
on the market other than 
the Official balls of the 
National and American 
Leagues. 



MADE with best 
horse hide cov- 
er, pure Para rubber 
center, wound with 
best all wool yarn. 
Warranted to last a 
full game when used 
under ordinary condi- 
tions. 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 191 1. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices tee special Canadian Catalogue. 



SUBSTITUTE 



int 5rALUINb 



IKAUt-IVIAKr\ 



Spalding 

Double Seam League Ball 




nPHE double seam is used in its construction, render- 
ing it doubly secure against ripping. Every ball is 
wrapped in tinfoil and warranted to last a full game. 
No. O. Each, $1.50 

Per dozen, $18.00 



m 



SPALDING 

Official National League Jr. 
Baii 



DEC. U. S PAT 



CORK CENTER 




jWIADE with horse hide cover, and 
^"* in every respect, including 
patented cork center, same as our 
"Official National League" Ball No. 1, 
except slightly smaller in size. Especi- 
ally designed for junior clubs (composed 
of boys under 16 years of age) and all 
games in which this ball is used will be 
recognized as legal games. Warranted 
to last a full game when used under ordi- 
nary conditions. 
No. Bl. "Official National League" Jr. 
Each, $1.00 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5. 



Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 



i;i*iyjBiikMffl»))iirwnaj;M 



bUAKAIM I tU 

QUALITY 




Spalding City League 

Made with horse hide cover, and rubber center 
wound with yam. Full size-and weight. A very 
well made ball and excellent for general practice. 
No. L4. City League. . Each, 75c. 

Per dozen, $9.00 




Spalding National Association Jr. 

Pare Para Rubber Center 

Made with horse hide cover and in every respect 
same as our National Association Ball No. NA, 

except slightly smaller in size. 
No. B2. National Association Jr. Each, 75c. 



Above balls warranted to. last a full game when used under ordinary conditions. 



Spalding Professional 




Selected horse 
hide cover; full 
size ball. Made of 
carefully selected 
material and war- 
ranted first-class 
quality. Put up 
in a separate box 

and sealed. 
No. 2. Profes- 
sional. Ea., 50c. 



Spalding Public School League 



This is a well 
made Junior size 
ball, with horse 
hide cover, and 
rubber center 
wound with yarn. 
Splendid for gen- 
eral practice by 

boys' teams. 
No. B3. Public 
School League. 
Each, 50c. 




PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO OS 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OP STOBE 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices sec special Canadian Calalogu 



SImETHE SPALDING 



Gold Medal ''Players' Autograph'' Bats 



Tor over thirty years we 
have turned out special 
model bats to suit the 
leading players of the 
prominent professional 
leagues, and our records 
Avill show hundreds of 
•different bats made in 
accordance with the 
ideas of the individual 
player, many of whom 
have been league record- 
makers. The models 
(that have been adopted 
jliave been duplicated by 
j-us from time 
to time as 
'they have 
!r 6 q u i r e d 
^additional 
bats, and in 
iliundreds of 



l£Z^^ 'C ^it^- 



Autograph 
Model 

This Is a very l^j^ 
large Bal with a 
thick handle. 
Bats supplied will \ 
not weigh less 
than 45 nor over 
48 ozs. Length 
about 35 inches. 




^c::M,-^y^(:^^^ 



Autograph 
Model 

A well balanced 
small handle Bat 
ol very popular 
model. The Bats 
supplied will 
weigh not less 
than 38 nor over 
41 ounces. 



NOi 100. 



Keeler Model 

Spalding Gold Medal 



In Older to satisfy the 
e\ er mcreasing demand 
from our customers for 
bats of the same models 
as used by the leading 
players, we have ob- 
tained permission from 
many of the leading 
battels of the country 
to include in our line of 
high grade bats these 
Gold Medal "Players' 
Autograph" Bats, bear- 
ing their 
Civ— <^_- J signature. 
Space wi 
"^ not permit a 
a^ ' description 
of all the 
various mod- 
but the 
following 
models have 
been select- 
ed as exam- 
ples of what 
We are pro- 
ducing in 
this special 
"Players' 
Autograph" 
Bat Depart- 
ment. 



Players' Autograph" Bats. ^ Each, $1.00 




Autograph Model 

Xlfflost same length Bal as Uie 
iliaiice, with less weight and more 
[venly distributed, handle not as _ 
ibick. Weighs not less than 4 1 nor over 



1 



Autograph Model 

A large Bat, almost the length oi 

the Chance Model, but with much 

less wood, especially in the handle 

part o( the Bat. Bats supplied will not iveigh 

less than 41 nor over 44 ounces. 



£ 



^.t^ 




This Bal is somewhat shorter than j 

the Chance Model, medium Ihicli / 

handle a 

supplied will weigh not less than 41 nor over 

43 ounces. Length about 32 ;i inches. 



^ 



g;. 



i Autograph Model 

L symmetrically Shaped Bal, good C^k 

ulk, medium thick handle. Bats — ■ 

;;;^eigh not less than 41 nor more than 43 




Autograph Model |. 

A short Bat with a small handle, /^ 
but with good bulk In the balance ■"'■ 
ol the Bet. Bats supplied will not 
weigh less than 39 nor over 41 ounces. 




'c:L^A^' 



Autograph Model 

This Model and Uie Chance touch 
the two extremes used by pro- 
lessional players. Short Bat with , 
lairly thin handle. Weighs not 
less than 36 nor over 39 ozs. Length 31 ins. 



1 



We can also supply on special orders Donlin, Stone and Oakes Models 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS, 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOfl COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 



ACCEPT NO 
SUBSTITUTE 



THESRALDING(H))TRADEMARK^an' ^ 



Spalding "ALL-STAR" Bats 



Since introducing our "Players' Autograph" Bats, No. 100, 
in various models made exactly the same in weight, shape and 
length as the bats actually used by the players whose autographs 
they bear, we have had many calls for bats shaped like one 
model but of the length and weight of another, or just like a 
certain model in shape and length but lighter in weight, and 
so on. We have, therefore, made up six what might be 
called "combination " models, combining the good points of 
various models in one or another, and, at the same time, modi- 
fying certain points about the models which make them 
unsuitable in many cases for the ordinary player — shortening 
the lengths and reducing the weights. It will be found, 
therefore, that none of the "ALL-STAR" models run 
over 34 inches in length, nor over 47 ounces in weight, and 
from that down to 35 ounces. 

We believe that it will be generally acknowledged that we 
have included in these two lines — the No. 100 "Players' 
Autograph" models and the No. lOOS "ALL-STAR" 
models, embracing a total of eighteen different models — an 
assortment from which any player may select the particular 
model bat best suited to his style of play. 

The timber for these bats is white ash, specially selected 
after being weather seasoned in open sheds for three years. 

No. lOOS. Spalding "ALL-STAR" Model Bats. 

Each, $1.00 

Furnished In any of the six models shown here: 

CXCodelU^o. I. 

Weights from 35 to 40 oz. Length. 31% in. 
^odel ^Vo. 2 Bottle shaped. 

Weights from 43 to 47 oz. Length, 32 in. 
:»Codel O^o. 3. 

Weights from 39 to 43 oz. Length, 32'^ in. 
JWo</e/ ^o. 4 

Weights from 37 to 41 oz. Length, 33 in. 
JWoJe/ tKo. 5 

Weights from 37 to 41 oz. Length, 34 in. 
Model tKo. 6. 

Weights from 43 to 47 oz. Length, 34 in. 




Spalding Black Diamond Bat 



This bat is of same quality as our Gold Medal "Players' Autograph" and "All-Star" Model Bats, and i; 
furnished in the most popular models. The special finish which we use on this one grade is a similar prepa 
ration to that which many professional players rub on their own bats to temper them, and has a tendencj 
to darken the color of the wood. . . .* No. lOOD. Each. $1.0C 



CORRESPONDENCE— If you wish any particular model bat, and will describe the bat you require, the length, weight and f 
description of same, and address any of our branch stores, the matter will be taken up, with the hope of furnishing our custonn 
with the exact model and style and weight of bal they require. This will come under our special "Players' Model " £ 
Department. This entire department is looked alter by the manager of our Professional League Base Ball Department, who is. familia, 
with roost of the types of modejs used by the leading players, and to whom will be referred any unusual model. At least tw 
weeks' time is required to make bats after customer's own model. 



PROMPT mENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

AODRESSED TO US 



A.G.SPALDING &, BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



I FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIOE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian price* tee tpecial Canadian Catalogue. 



AUUhKI NU 
SUBSTITUTE 



THE SPALDING j gj 



iSpalding Trade-Mark Bats 



MARKT,r,V" 



QUALITY 




5 50M 50W SOT 50 35T 

Spalding Men's Bats 

50T. Taped "League," Ash. extra quality, 
jspecial finish. . . . Each. 50c. 

HNo. BO. "League, " Ash, plain handle. 50c. 

j^No. 35T. Taped "City League," finest straight 

ained ash Each, 35c. 

o. 25. "City League," plain handle. " 25c. 



Spalding Record Bat piain on vtnum 

Made from the most popular models, finished in 
rough and ready style, with no polish— simply 
the plain oil finish. Packed one dozen in a crate 
(assorted lengths from 30 to .35 inches and. 
weights from 36 to 42 ounces), as nearly as pos- 
sible in the following proportion : f 



LENGTHS 


WQGHTS 


1-30 Inch. 2-33 Inch. 


1-36 Oz. 2-39 Oz. 


1-31 Inch. 4-34 Inch. 


1-37 Oz. 4-40-41 Oz. 


2-32 Inch. 2-35 Inch. 


2-38 Oz. 2-41-42 Oz. 



These lengths and weights are given approxi' 
mately and as a rule the shortest lengths will 6« 

the lightest weights. 
The Record Bat is especially recommended for 

club use, including college and school teams. 
No. 75. Plain Oil Finish. Each, 75c. 



The Knob Arrangement at end of bat enables 
us to get a more 
even distribution 
of weight over the 
whole length than 
is possible under 
the old construc- 
tion, making it for 
certain kinds of 
play practically in- 
valuable, and as 
an all around bat 
we have received 
many letters from 
prominent profes- 
sionals testifying 
to their apprecia- 
tion of the good 
points in its con- 
struction. Best 
qualityof air-dried 
timber used, and 
every one care- 
fully tested before 
leaving factory. 

No. 50M. 

Spalding Mush- 
room Bat, plain, 
special finish 
Each, 50c. 



Special Bat for 
"Fungo" Hitting 

No. 50W.-- "Willow." 
light weight, full size Bat, 
plain handle Ea., 50c. 



Bold bat properly and strike 
the ball with the grain. Don't 
blame the manufacturer lor a 
break which occurs through 
abuse or improper use. 




Spalding Boys' Bats 

No. 50B. " Boys' Record, "same finish, quality and ■ sob 25B 2sbt iob 
models as the Record, but shorter lengths and proportionate weights. Each, 50c. 
No. 25B. "Junior League. " Plain; extra quality ash, spotted burning. ^ 25c. 
No. 25BT. Taped "Junior League. " Tape wound handle, special finish.. 25c, 
No. I OB. "Boys' League" Bat, good quality ash. varnished. 1 Oc, 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A.G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIOE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices tee special Canadian Catalogue. 



sSKte THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK ?Sf 



Spalding Base Ball Catchers' Mitts 



SPALDING 

World Series "^^isS"" Catchers' Mit 

No. 10-0 

Patented Jan. 2. 1006; Sept. 20, 1008: March SO, lOOO. and Inclndlns Kins Patent Paddlns Patented Jnnc 28, 1010. 

This is the style mitt that actually won the "VVorll 
Serie^. " It is made with the patented Molded Face, an 
is modeled after the ideas of the greatest base ball catcl f 
ers in the country who have tested it out thorough 
and pronounce it in every respect the most perfecj 
Catchers' Mitt ever put out for the' Professional Playel 
—the man whose livelihood depends upon his succes 
on the playing field and who is, therefore, vitally intei 
ested in obtaining playing equipment that will real! 
be an aid to him in the game. 

Patent felt padding, hand stitched, arranged so tha 
it may be adjusted readily to suit the individual wishe 
of the player. Leather is finest selected calfskin, picke 
out particularly for this style mitt. Patent laced back 
metal eyelets ; leather strap and brass buckle fastening 
Felt lined strap and heel of hand piece. 
lO-O. "World Series" (Professional) Catchers' Mitt. . Each, $8.00 




S PA L D I N G 

"Three-and-Out" 

Catchers' Mitt 

Patented Janoary 2, 1006; September 20, 1008; March SO. 1000. 

This mitt has the patented Molded Face and the hand - 
formed pocket, padded correctly and according to the • 
ideas of the best catchers on the big League teams. ' 
Material throughout is best obtainable and we select 
for the face only leather which is perfectly tanned, be- 
cause of the peculiar stretching and molding process 
which enables us to produce a perfect "pocket" with 
no seams or rough places ot any kind on the face. 
Padded with best hair felt; patent laced back; metal 
eyelets; leather strap and brass buckle fastening. 

No. 9-0. " Three-and-Out " Catchers' Mitt, 




Each, $8.< 



AIX STYLES MADE IN 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESStP TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BODIt 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices »ee special Canadian Catalogue, 



l|K{iMi!l*J'JJIt!LVerW)hryililJAM^^ 

Spalding Catchers' Mitts 



Spalding 

"Perfection'* 

Catchers' 

Mitt 



Patented 

Jam. 2, 1906, Sept. 29. 190S. 

Blarch 30, 1909 




Made of best quality brown 
calfskin throughout; 
patent combination molded 
face ; patent hand formed 
padding of best hair felt, 
making a perfect pocket 
without any breaking in ; 
leather laced back and 
thumb ; strap - and - buckle 
fastening. 

No. 7-0 
Each, $6.00 



Spalding 
<<CoUegiate" Catchers' Mitt 

Molded Face PatJan.2.I906.Sept.29.1908.ilarchJ0,] 




No. 6-0. Made of special olive colored leather, 
excellent quality, perfectly tanned to enable us to 
produce the necessary "pocket" with an abso- 
lutely smooth surface on face; hand formed felt 
padding; leather laced back and thumb ; strap- 
and-buckle fastening.. Each, $5.00 



Spalding 
Leagrue Extra** Catchers* Mitt 

Pat. Sept. 29. 1908. March 30. 1909 




No. 5-0. Special drab tanned buck, vsiy soft 
and pliable, patent hand formed felt padding; 
strap-and-buckle fastening at back; reinforced 
and laced at thumb, and made with our patent 
laced back. Each, $4.00 



AIX STY1£S MADE IN RIGHTS AND UEFTS. 
PLAYERS SPECIFY 



WHEN ORDERING FOR LEFT 
"FULL, RIGHT." 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 



ACCEPT NO 



suSTyHESPALDING(»;T^ 



GUARANTEES! 
QUALITY . 



Spalding Catchers' Mitts 



Spalding 
Decker Patent" 
Catchers* Mitts 




No. 3-0. Good quality black calf- 
skin: patent laced back, reinforced 
and laced at thumb. Strap -and- 
buckle fastening at back. Heavy 
piece of sole leather on back for 
extra protection to the fingers. 
Each, $3.50 




Showing Back of Nos. 3-0 
OR Mitts 



No. OR. Made of durable blr 
leather and equipped with paten- 
heavy sole leather finger protec 
on back, strap-and-buckle fast( 
ing, reinforced and laced at thun 
patent laced back. Each, $2. f 



ALL STYLES MADE IN RIGHTS AND LEFTS. 
FOR LEFT HANDED PLAYERS SPECIFY 



WHEN ORDERING 
FULL RIGHT." 




Spalding << Interstate " 
Catchers* Mitt 

No. O. Professional size model. 
Made of selected brown grain 
leather, well padded; strap-and 
buckle fastening; reinforced and 
laced at thumb; patent laced 
back, . . Each, $3.00 

Spalding "Inter-City" 
Catchers* Mitt 

No. OA. Made with brown grain 
leather face and special green 
leather sides and back ; strap- 
and-buckle fastening ; reinforced 
and laced at thumb; patent laced 
back. Each, $2.60 




PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

m COMMUNICATIONS 

AODRESSEDTOUS 



A. G.SPALDING &, BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



I FOR COMPLETE LIST Of STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price» in effect January 5. 1911. Subiect to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 



SEETHE SPALDING 



SPALDING CATCHERS' MITTS 



SPALDING 



UJ 



t « SEMI-PRO'* CATCHERS' MITT 




Black leather; strap-and-buckle fastening ; rein- 
forced and laced at thumb ; patent laced back. 
No. IR. Each, $2.0O 



SPALDING 



•ATHLETIC" CATCHERS' MITT 




Made with smoked horse hide, face and finger piece 

correctly padded, reinforced and laced at thumb: 

patent laced back; strap-and-buckle fastening. 

No. IS. Each, S2.00 



Q 



SPALDING 
»BACK-STOP" CATCHERS' MITT 




Good quality special tanned buff colored leather 
face and finger piece; correctly padded ; strap-and- 
buckle fastening; reinforced and laced at thumb: 
patent laced back. 
No IC. Each, $l.50 



* 



SPALDING 
•ASSOCIATION" MITT 




Men's size. Special black smooth tanned leather 
face, back and finger-piece; correctly padded; re- 
inforced and laced at thumb; strap-and-buckle 
fastening at back. 
No. 2R. Each, $ I .OO 



aix styles made in rights and lefts. 
pllAyers specify 



WHEN ORDERING FOR LEFT HANDED 
'FULL RIGHT." 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 
ANY COMMUNICATIONS 
ADDRESSED TO US * 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS im 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue 




ACCEPT NO 
SUBSTITUTE 




Spalding 
"Foul Tip" Mitt 

Half lAced Back 
Strap-and-bnckle fastening 

No. 2C. Men's size. Oak 
tanned leather, face and finger 
piece correctly padded; rein- 
forced and laced at thumb; 
back made in popular half laced 
style. Each, S I .OO 

Spalding «Club" Mitt 

Patent L,aced Back 
Strap-and-buckle fastening 

No. 2A. Men's size. White 
buck face, back and finger- 
to form perfect pocket; reinforced, laced at thumb, 

Spalding 
"Youths' League" Mitt 

Patent lAced Back 

N0.2B, Youths' full size. Pearl colored 
special smooth tanned leather face and 
finger piece, correctly padded ; strap- 
and-buckle fastening. Each, $ I .OO 



Each, $ 1 .0( 



Spalding 
' Interscholastic ' 



Mitt 



N0.3R. Largesize. Good quality black 
smooth leather throughout ; reinforced 
and laced at thumb. Each, 75c. 




Spalding 
Public School" Mitt 




No. 4. Large size. Improved style. 
Face, finger piece and back special 
tanned buck; heavily padded; rein- 
forced andlacedatthumb., Ea., 50c. 

T^IS PAGE MADE IN RIGHTS AND LEFTS. 



Spalding 
Boys* Amateur' 



Mitt 




No. 4R. Junior size; black smooth 
leather face and back ; white leather 
side strip; well padded; reinforced 
and laced at thumb.. Each. 50c. 



Spalding 
Boys* Delight" Mitt 




No. 5 



AIX STYLES ON 



No. 5. Improved style. Face, 
finger piece and back made of 
special tanned buck; laced thumb; 
well padded. Each, 25c. 

WHEN ORDERING FOR LEFT 



HANDED PLAYERS SPECIFY "FULL RIGHT.' 



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ANY COMMUNICATIONS 
"* ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



fOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK - 



Price* in effect January 5. 191 1. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian pric«« *ee 



•dixn Catalogue. 



SUBSTITUTE 



THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK 



Spalding Baseme nts Mitts 

"WORLD SERIES" 
PROFESSIONAL MODELS 



Special Proiessional Model 

Patented June 28, 1910. 




Larger in area than our No. AX 
and made with patented King 
Padding so that the amount and 
position of the padding may be 
adjusted readily by the player to 
suit himself. Made of finest qual- 
ity white tanned leather through- 
out; leather lacing; strap-and- 
buckle fastening. Leather strap 
support at thumb. 
No. AXP. Each. S4.0'0 

Spalding "Leagoe Speciad'^ 
— No. ML Basemen's Milt 




Made of absolutely finest quality 
white tanned buckskin, face, back 
and lining; leather lacing all 
around; strap-and-buckle fasten- 
ing. Leather strap at thumb- 
No. AX. Each, $4.00 



It is in the Spalding Base- 
men's Mitts that the full j 
advantages of the special I 
"molded face" feature can i 
be seen and appreciated. I 
These mitts, which from j 
the very moment they are j 
put into play should adapt | 
themselves to the conform- I 
ation of the hand, cannot j 
be simply slapped together j 
without regard to shape. | 
The leather in the face I 
must first of all be most 
carefully selected, and only 
the very best portions 
picked out for the peculiar 
stretching and molding 
process which goes so far 
towards making Spalding 
Basemen's Mitts the per- 
fect articles they are. Then 
thepaddingmust be shaped 
properly by hand to form 
the necessary ^'pocket" 
and after that the' other 
special features, only found 
in our goods, must be added, 
in order to make theni 
j worthy to bear the Spald- 
I ing Trade-Mark. 

1 " 



AIX STYIiES MADE IN 
I RIGHTS AND lEFTS. 

I WHEN ORDE3UNG FOR UEXnf 
i ELANDED PIA.YERS 

I SPECIFY "FUIX RIGHT." 



Special Professional Model 

FatentedJuneag. 1910. 




Slightly larger model than No. 
BXS but made regularly with less 
padding. The padding is arranged 
according to the King Patent, per- 
mitting the player to adjust posi- 
tion and amount of padding to 
suit his individual ideas. Made 
of finest quality selected calfskin 
throughout; leather lacing; strap- 
and-buckle fastening. Leather 
strap support at thumb. 
No. BXP. Each, S4.00 

Spalding "League Special" 
No. BXS Basemen's Mitt 




Made of finest selected brown 
calfskin, face, back and lining; 
leather lacing all around; strap- 
and-buckle fastening. Leather 
strap at thumb. 
No. BXS. Earh, »4.o- 



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ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

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A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COYEB 

OF THIS BOOK 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 



SmE THE SPALDING 



Spalding Basemen's Mitts 



Spalding "Professional' 
Basemen's Mitt 




No. CO 



Made of very durable olive calf- 
skin, face, back and lining. Cor- 
rectly padded and leather laced all 
around and at thumb. Strap-and- 
buckle fastening. 
No. CO. Each, $3. CO 



Spalding "Amateur' 
Basemen's Mitt 




No. CXS 



Men's size. Made of special 
tanned brown grained leather. 
Correctly padded ; laced all around 
and at thumb. Strap-and-buckle 
fastening. 
No. CXS. Each, $2.00 



Spalding •'Semi-Pro' 
Basemen's Mitt 




Face of specially tanned slate- 
color leather, back of firm tanned 
brown leather, laced all around 
and at thumb ; extra well padded 
at wrist and thumb. Strap-and- 
buckle fastening. 
No. ex. Each, S2.50 



Spalding "Double Play" 
Basemen's Mitt 




No. DX 



Men's size. Made of oak tanned 
specially selected leather, laced 
all around and at thumb. Strap- 
and-buckle fastening. Very easy 
fitting and nicely padded. 
No. DX. Each, SI. 50 



Spalding "Amateur" 
Basemen's Mitt (Black) 




No. CXR 



Made with black calfskin face, 
black leather back and lining 
Properly padded; laced all arounc 
and at thumb. Strap-and-buckit 
fastening. 
No. CXR. Each, $2.00 



Spalding "League Jr.' 
Basemen's Mitt 




No. ex 



Made of good quality black smooth 
leather, laced all around and at 
thumb. Suitably padded and will 
give very good service. Strap- 
and-buckle fastening. 
No. EX. Each, SI. OO 



AIX STYIiES MADE IN RIGHTS AND L£FTS. 
PLAYERS SPECIFY 



WHEN ORDERING FOR LEFT HANDED 
•FUIX RIGHT." 



IfPRoi 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANr COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Pnce> in cHect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices lee special Canadi.:n Catalogue. 



sSbsS THE SPALDING 



SPALDING FIELDERS' MITTS 



Spalding "Professional' 
Fielders' Milt 




N«. 5F 



Made of specially tanned drab 
leather, well padded with fine 
felt; leather lined and carefully 
sewed and finished ; laced thumb. 
Strap-and-buckle fastening. 
No. 6F. Each, S2.00 



Spalding "Amateur" 
Fielders' Mitt (Blaclt) 




No. 8P 



Good quality black tanned smooth 

leather, well padded; leather lined; 

reinforced and laced at thumb. 

Strap-and-buckle fastening.* 

No. 8F. Each, $ 1 -OO 



Spalding "Semi-Pro" 
Fielders' Mitt 




No. er 



Face made of white tanned buck- 
skin, brown leather back; leather 
lined; laced thumb. Constructed 
throughout in a most substantial 
manner. Strap-and-buckle fas- 
tening. 
No, 6F. Each, $l.50 




Very popular boys' mitt. Made 

of oak tanned smooth leather, 

well padded; reinforced and laced 

at thumb. 

No, 9F, Each, 50c. 

AIX STYLES MADE IN RIGHTS AND UEFTS. WHEN ORDERING FOR UEXT HANDED PLATEIU 

'FDIX RIGHT." ^ 



Spalding "Amatear" 
Fielders' Mitt 




N0.7F 



Pace of a good quality pearl col- 
ored leather, with olive leather 
back, well padded and leather 
lined ; reinforced and laced at 
thumb. Strap-and-buckle fas- 
tening. 
No. 7F. Each, $ I .OO 



Spalding "Boys' 
Favorite" Fielders' Mitt 




No.lOF 



Made of special tanned white lea« 

ther, well padded and substan* 

tially made; laced at thumb. 

No. 1 OF. Each, 25 o 



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• ADDBESSED TO US 



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STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices i 



special Canadian Catalogu 



sSu?E THE SPALDING 




Spalding Fielders' 
Mitts 



Spalding <* League Extra'' Pitchers' 
and Basemen's Mitt 

Made especially for Pitchers, and a very 
satisfactory style also for Basemen ; in 
fact, this is the nearest approach to an 
all around base ball mitt that has ever 
been put out. Made with face of special 
quality white buck, and the balance of 
mitt with special brown calfskin. Cor- 
rectly padded and without hump. Laced 
all around and at thumb. Strap-and- 
buckle fastening. 

No. IF. Each, $3.50 




Spalding ^^ League Special" Fielders' Mitts 




The easiest, most pliable and 
best made fielders' mitt ever 
made. Molded brown calf- 
skin face; extra full thumb, 
laced; leather lined. Strap- 
and-buckle fastening 
No. 2F. Each. $3.00 




This mitt is made of specially 
tanned black calfskin: pad- 
ded with best felt; rein- 
forced and laced at thumb; 
leather lined. Strap-and- 
buckle fastening- 
No. 3F. Each, $3.00 




Made of the very best and 
softest white tanned buck- 
skin; the thumb and at wrist 
is extra well padded; laced 
thumb; leather lined. Strap- 
and-buckle fasten ing. 
No. 4F. Each. $3.00 



ALL STYLES MADE IN RIGHTS AND LEFTS. 
FOR LEFT HANDED PLAYERS SPECIFY 



WHEN ORDERIBIG 
'FULL RIGHT." 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO OS 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOH 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian price* tee special Canadian Catalogue. 



sSbsS THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK "^"S^v^^ 



QUALITY 




It is often very hard to express in 
words the reasons why one article 
"Which does not look so very dif- 
■ferent 'from another is yet far 
superior as regards its playing 
qualities. This is so with our 
No. AAl glove. It is the same 
model as used by the men who 
bore the brunt of the playing in 
the World Series, as it includes in 
its construction their practical 
ideas as champion ball players. 
Made especially for professional 
players, men who must have the 
best thing for the purpose. Finest 
quality buckskin, very little pad- 
ding, and that in just the right 
pFace. Leather lined throughout. 
;No. AAI. Each, S4.00 



^Spalding "Professional" 
Infielders* Glove 

(Full Leather Lined) 




Buckskin used in this glove is the 
finest obtainable. Heavily padded 
around edges and little finger. 
Made extra long to protect the 
^wjrist Leather lined throughout. 
No.'PXL. i;ach, $3.50 



Spalding 
"World Scries" 

PROFESSIONAL MODELS 

Infielders' Gloves 



All gloves described on this page are 
made regularly tvith Web of lea- 
ther between Thumb and First 
Finger, which can be cut out very 
easily if not required. 




DIVERTED SEAMS 

All Spalding Infielders' Gloves are 

made with our patented diverted seam 

between fingers, adding considerably 

to the durability of the gloves. 

Patented Mar. 10. 1B08 



Spalding "Professional Jr." 
Infielders' Glove 

(Full Leather Lined) 




Youths' professional style. Of 
selected velvet tanned buckskin. 
Material, workmanship and style 
same as No. PXL men's size 
glove. Leather lined throughout. 
No. PBL. Each, $2.50 




Patented Jane 28. IBIO 

Professional Model. This glove 
includes the famous King Patent 
lacing and adjustable padding, 
making it possible for a player to 
arrange the amount and position 
of the padding to suit his indi- 
vidual ideas. As we make this 
glove it is really two complete 
gloves, one inside the other. It 
has been highly praised by some 
of the greatest players on the 
diamond to-day who use this 
style glove exclusively in all their 
games. Finest quality buckskin. 

Leather lined throughout. 

No. BBI. Each, $4.00. 



Spalding "League Extra' 
Infielders' Glove 

(Full Leather Lined) 




Finest quality black calfskin. 
Material and workmanship, also 
general design similar to No. PXL. 
Highest quality infielders' glove. 
Leather lined throughout. 
,No. RXL. Each, $3.5^ 



AU STYIES MADE IN RlfiHTS AND LEFTS. WHEN ORDERING FOR LEFT HANDED PIAVFRS SPFfiFV "Fill I R|f,HT. 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

AOORESSEO TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK I 



Cl Prices in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue ^. 



sSII?E THE SPALDING 



Spalding Infielders' Gloves 

All the Gloves described below are made regularly with Web of Leather between Thumb and First Finger, which can be cut 

out very easily if not required. All Spalding I nfielders' Gloves are made with our diverted seam (PATENTED MARCH 10, 

19081 between fingers, adding considerably to the durability of the gloves. 



Spalding "League Special' 
Infielders' Glove 

Full Leather Lined 




Made tnroughout of specially 
tanned calfskin. Padded with 
best quality felt. Made e.xtra long 
to protect wrist. Highest quality 
workmanship throughout. Lea- 
ther lined throughout 
No. XWL. Each, S3.00 



Spalding "Semi-Pro" 
Infielders* Glove 




Made of good quality gray buck 

banned leather This is a large 

model. Correctly padded and 

very popular. VVelted seams, 

No, 3X. Each, $2.00 



Spalding "Inter-City 
Infielders' Glove 

Full Leather Lined 




This is a professional style glove, 
made with specially padded little 
finger, and extra large thumb, 
welted seams. Made of good 
quality black calf. Leather lined 
throughout. 
No. 2XR. Each, $2.50 



Spalding "Association' 
Infielders' Glove 

Full Leather Lined 




Good quality olive tanned leather, 
nicely padded and leather lined 
throughout, with inside hump; 
welted seams. Verv good value. 
No. 4X. Each, $2.00 . 



Spalding " International 
Infielders' Glove 

Full Leather Lined 




Made of special quality smoked 
horse hide , professional style, 
with specially padded little finger 
and extra large thumb ; welted 
seams. A very practical glove 
Leather lined throughout. 
No. 2Y, Each, $2.50 



Spalding "Amateur' 
Infielders' Glove 




Good quality black tanned leather, 

correctly padded and extra large 

thumb; welted seams. Well made 

throughout. 

No. 3XR. Each, S2.00 



WHEN ORDERING FOR L£FT HANDED 
■FUIX RIGHT." . 



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ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSEO TO US 



A.G.SPALDING &, BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



1 fOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices «ee tpecial Canadian Catalogue 



THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK '=S?v^^ 



QUALITY 



Spalding Infielders' Gloves 

All the Gloves described below are made regularly ivith tveb of leather betiveen 
thumb and first finger, which can be cut out very easily if not required. 

All Spalding Infielders' Gloves are made with our patented diverted seam (PATENTED MARCH 10, 1908) between 
fingers, adding considerably to the durability of the gloves. 



SPALDING 

"Match" 
Infielders* Glove 




No. I 1 . Full size professional 
style glove; made throughout of 
special tanned buflf colored lea- 
ther, welted seams ; correctly 
padded. Each, si .50 



SPALDING 

"Club Special" 
Infielders' Glove 



Leather Lined 





u 


M 


'\ 


No.XL 


1 


- 
\ '■ 









No. XL. Made of special white 
tanned leather, correctly padded 
on professional model ; welted 
seams; leather lined. 

Each, $1.56 



SPALDING 

" Champion " 
Infielders' Glove 




No. XR. Full size black leatl 
glove; professional model; pn 
erly padded ; welted seams, 
very popular glove. 

Each, $!.£ 



SPALDING 

"Practice" 
Infielders' Glove 



SPALDING 

"Regulation" 
Infielders' Glove 



SPALDING 

" Regulation " 
Infielders' Glove 




Leather Lined 



Leather Lined 





'No. XS. Men's size glove. Made 
<)f good quality white velvet 
tanned leather; well finished. 
welted seams; inside hump. 

Each, SI. 25 



No. 16. Men's size glove. 
Brown tanned leather, correctly 
padded and "well made; _galm 
leather lined. 

Each, $ I .OO 



No. 1 5R. Men's size. Ma 
of good quality black tanned h 
ther, padded, with inside hun 
palm leather lined. 

Each, $ I .C 



AUi STYLES MADE IN RIGHTS AND LEFTS. WHEN ORDERING FOR LEFT HANDED 
PLAYERS SPECIFY "FULL RIGHT." 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADOBESSED TO US 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORE 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
\^ OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian price* see ipecial Canadian Catalogue. 



sSSte THE SPALDING 



I TRADE-MARK ■^Klf 



QUALITY 



Spalding 
Men's 

Amateur 
Mask 

No. A. Men's 
black enam- 
eled steel 
wire, leather 
covered pads, forehead pad and 
molded chin-strap. flEach, 9 1 -OO 




Spalding 
Boys' 

Amateur 
Mask 

No. B. Youths', 
black enameled 
NoTb steel wire, and 

similar in quality throughout to 
No. A, but smaller in size. 

•Each, S 1 .00 





Spalding 
Youths' 
Masks 




No.C. Black 1 

enameled, 
No. c pads covered No. o 
with leather, wide elastisJiead-strap, 
leather strap-and-buckle. VEach, 50c . 
No. D. Black enameled. Smaller in 
size than No. C. A substantial mask 
for boys. . . Each, 25c. 



SPALDING INFLATED BODY PROTECTORS 

N0.4-O. "WorldSeries" Model. Extra strong tan covering, bound edges. Inflated body, 
fitted with special shoulder padding (Patent applied for) and special body strap. Full sizei 
Used by catchers in the National, American and other leagues. Each, $ I O.OO 
No. 3-0. "Intercollegiate." Covering pf special imported material. Inflated. 



Full size. 




"^ 




WEARIIVO SPAlDmO UG GUARDS 



Spalding Leg 
Guards for Base 
Ball Catchers 

As supplied to Roger 
Bresnahan.manager- 
catcher of St. Louis 
National League 
Club, and to other promi- 
nent league catchers. 
Knee guard of molded sole 
leather; leg piece padded 
with reeds; light and 
strong; special 
ankle pads as pro- 
tection from sharp 
spikes. 
Covered 
with spe- 
cial quality 
white buck I f 
dressed leather. 

No. 33. Spalding 
Catchers' Leg 

Guards " ^J 
Pair, $6.06 




. . .Each, $9.00 
No, 2-0. "Minor League." 
Cover of durable material 
Made in best possible manner 
Inflated. Full size. Ea.,$7.50| 
No. O. "City League." 
Slightly narrower than No. 2-0. 
Covering pf durable material. 
Inflated. * . <Each, SB.OO 
No. I . "Amateur." Same 
size as No. 0. Brovim, special 
quality covering. Inflated. ^, . ^ 
Each, $4.00 **"■ '*"° 

No. M* "Interscholastic." 

Very well made. Inflated. 
Each, $3.60 

Np. 2. "Youths'." Good size. 

Inflated. Each,_S3^00 

Spalding 
Umpires' Body Protectors 

No. L. Inflated; large size, 
best quality^ Each, 9 I O.OO 
Give length Wnd width required 
when ordering Umpires' body 
protectors. 




palding Leather Abdomen Protector 

Heavy sole leather, 
well padded with 
quilted lining and 
non-elastic bands, 
with buckles at 
side and elastic at 
.back. For boxing, 
hockey, foot ball, 
tc. No other supporter necessary 
nth this style. No. S. Each, $3.00 




Spalding 
Aluminum 
Abdomen 
Protector 

Aluminum, 
edges well 
padded with 
rubber. Elas- 
tic cross bands 
andbelt. No.3. Each,$3.50 




Spalding Wire Abdomen Protector 

Heavy wire, well 
padded with wool 
fleece and chamois. 
Leather belt, straps 
for fastening. Used 
with any of our reg- 
ular supporters or 
suspensories. 
Each, $2.00 V 




PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING d. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Prices in effect , 



5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices »ee special Canadian Catalogue. 



S!!UHESPALDING(M!)TRADE-MARK'=Kf 



Spalding Base Ball Shoes 



~^i 



.a 



Showin* Sole ol Nm. 30-S and F-1 



No. 30-S 
Sprinting 



\ Sizes and Weights of\ 
\ Spalding Featherweight > 
\ Base Ball Shoes 


\^^ 


. \'"%MSJ1^*.f^-^" 


\ 


^ \size of Shoe Ounces \ 





18 \ 

19 \ 
20 \ 
21 \ 



NO.FW 
Featlierwelgl 



Spalding Sprinting Base Ball Shoe 

Selected kangaroo leather and built on our famous 
running shoe last. This shoe is strongly made, and, 
while extremely light in weight, will be found sub- 
stantial in construction. Hand sewed and a strictly 
bench made shoe. Rawhide thong laces. 
No. SO-S. Pair, $7.00 



Spalding "Fealherweigtit" Base Ball Shoe 

Owing to the lightness and fineness of this shoe, it i 
suitable only for the fastest players, but as a ligb 
weight durable shoe for general use we recommen 
No. 30-S. Hand sewed and a strictly bench made sho( 
Rawhide thong laces. 
No. FW. Per pair, S7.00 




Spalding Club Special 

Carefully selected satin calfskin, 
machine sewed, very substantially 
constructed, and a first-class shoe 
in every particular. Steel plates 
riveted to heel and sole. 
No. O. Per pair, $6.00 

Javenile Base Ball Shoes 



Spalding Amateur Special 

Made of good quality calfskin, ma- 
chine sewed; a serviceable and 
durable shoe, and one we can 
specially recommend. Plates riv- 
eted to heel and sole. 
No. 35. Per pair, S3. SO 

Made on special boys' size lasts; similar to those that we use in 01 

regular men's shoes. The shoes are made in the Spalding Factory and in exactly the same careful manner { 
our regular line of men's shoes. Good quality material throughout and steel plates. 

No. 38. Furnished in boys' sizes, 12 to 5, inclusive, only. Per pair, S2.00 
SPECIAX NOTICE. We recommend for use on base ball shoes to keep the leather pliable and In good condltloj 
even when shoes are used during wet weather. "Snaldine Watcrnroof Oil for Athletic Shoes.'" ~ 



Spalding Junior 

A leather shoe, made on reguk 
base ball shoe last. Plates rivete 
to heel and sole. An excellei 
shoe for the money, but no 
Guaranteed. 
No. 37. Per pair, $2.50 



Per can, 25 Cent 



PROMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogu 



Sr THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK ^ATrf 



Spalding 
Men's 

Amateur 
Mask 

No. A. Men's 
black enam- 
eled steel 
wire, leather 
overed pads, forehead pad and 
nolded chin-strap. msLch, 9 I .OO 




Spalding I 
Boys' 

Amateur 
Mask 

No.B. Youths', 
black enameled 
No. B steel wire, and 

similar in quality throughout to 
No, A, but smaller in size. 

•Each, S f .00 





Spalding 
Youths' 
Masks 




No.C. Black] 

enameled. 
No. c padscovered No. d 
with leather, wide elastifiJiead-strap, 
leather strap-and-buckle.7Each, 50c . 
No. D. Black enameled. Smaller in 
size than No. C. A substantial mask 
for boys. . , Each, 25 c. 



SPALDING INFLATED BODY PROTECTORS 

Mo. 4-0. "WorldSeries" Model. Extra strong tan covering, bound edges. Inflated body, 
itted with special shoulder padding (Patent agplied for) and special body -strap. Full size. 
Jsed by catchers in the National, American and other leagues. Each, $ I O.OO 
Mo. 3-0. "Intercollegiate." Covering of special imported material. Inflated. 



?\il\ size. 




Spalding Leg 
Guards for Base 
Ball Catchers 

As supplied to Roger 
Bresnahan.manager- 
catcher of St. Louis 
National League 
Club, and to other promi- 
nent league catchers. 
K nee guard of molded sole 
leather; leg piece padded 
with reeds; light and 
strong; special 
ankle pads as pro- 
tection from sharp 
spikes. 
Covered 
with spe- 
cial quality 
white buck 
dressed leather. 

No. 33. Spalding 

Catchers' Leg 

Guards • ' 

Pair, $6.06 



Each, $9.00 
No, 2-0. "Minor League." 
Cover of durable material 
Made in best possible manner 
Inflated. Full size. Ea.,$7.50 
No. O. "City League." 
Slightly narrower than No. 2-0. 
Covering of durable material. 
Inflated. * , 'Each, «5.00 
No. I. "Amateur." Same 
size as No. 0. Brown, special 
quality covering. Inflated. 

Each, $4.00 





No. M* "Interscholastic." 
Very well made. Inflated. 
Each, S3.60 
No. a. "Youths'." Good size. 
Inflated. Each,_S3,oo 

Spalding 
Umpires' Body Protectors 

No. L. Inflated; large size, 
best qualityj Each, 9 1 O.OO 
Give length ii7id width required 
ivhen ordering Umpires' body 
protectors. 



palding Leather Abdomen Protector 

Heavy sole leather, 
well padded with 
quilted lining and 
non-elastic bands, 
with buckles at 
side and elastic at 
back. For boxing, 
hockey, foot ball, 
tc. No other supporter necessary 
rith this style. No. S. Each, S3. OO 




and belt. 



Spalding 
Aluminum 
Abdomen 
Protector 

Aluminum, 
edges well 
padded with 
rubber. Elas- 
tic cross bands 
isro.3. Each, $3. 50 




Spalding Wire Abdomen Protector 

Heavy wire, well 
padded with woo) 
fleece and chamois. 
Leather belt, straps 
for fastening. Used 
witii any of our reg- 
ular supporters^ or 
suspensories. 

Each, $2.00 




PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDBESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price> in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 



aKUHESRALDING(HJ)TRADE-MARK^a;^1 



Spalding Base Ball Shoes 



No. 30-S 
Sprinting 



1 Sole 01 Nos. 30-S and F-W Shots ^ 


m 


\ Sizes and Weights of\ 
\ Base Ball Shoes 


^ 


. \"'%%51|^*.f-^-^" 


\ 


k. \size of Shoe Ounces \ 


m 


18 \ 

I8«\ 

20 \ 

a. \ 



No.FW 
Featherweigl 



Spalding Sprinttng Base Ball Shoe 

Selected kangaroo leather and built on our famous 
running shoe last. This shoe is strongly made, and, 
while extremely light in weight, will be found sub- 
stantial in construction. Hand sewed and a strictly 
bench made shoe. Rawhide thong laces. 
No. 30-S. Pair, S7.00 



Spalding "Feadierweight" Base Ball Shoe 

Owing to the lightness and fineness of this shoe, it i 
suitable only for the fastest players, but as a ligh 
weight durable shoe for general use we recommen 
No. 30-S. Hand sewed and a strictly bench made shoe 
Rawhide thong laces. 
No. FW. Per pair, S7.00 




Spalding Clab Special 

Carefully selected satin calfskin, 
machine sewed, very substantially 
constructed, and a first-class shoe 
in every particular. Steel plates 
riveted to heel and sole. 
No. O. Per pair, $6.00 
Jnvenile Base Ball Shoes 



Spalding Amateur Special 

Made of good quality calfskin, ma- 
chine sewed; a serviceable and 
durable shoe, and one we can 
specially recommend. Plates riv- 
eted to heel and sole. 
No. 35. Per pair, S3. 50 

Made on special boys' size lasts; similar to those that we use in ot 

regular men's shoes. The shoes are made in the Spalding Factory and in exactly the same careful manner i 
our regular line of men's shoes. Good quality material throughout and steel plates. 

No. 38. Furnished in boys' sizes, 12 to 5, inclusive, only. Per pair, $2.00 
SPECIAL NOTICE. We recommend for use on base ball shoes to keep the leather pliable and In good condltloi 
«Ten when shoes are used daring wet weather. "Soaldlne W^ateroroof OU for Athletic Shoes." 



Spalding Junior 

A leather shoe, made on regula 
base ball shoe last. Plates rivete 
to heel and sole. An exceller 
shoe for the money, but no 
Guaranteed. 
No. 37. Per pair, $2.50 



Per can, 25 Cent 



PROMPT AUENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS, 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES' 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER \ 
OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue. 



Sr THE SPALDING 




Spalding Bat 



No. 2. Heavy 
waterproof can- 
vas, leather re- 
rced at ends; holds 12 bats. .Each, $3.50 

3. Same as above; to hold 6 bats. " 2.00 

O I . Good quality heavy Leather Bat Bag, for 
bats; used by most league players. 

Each, S4.00 * $U2.00 Doz. 
02. Heavy waterproof canvas; leather cap at 
lends. . Each, S 1 .50 ir $16.00 Doz. 

OS. Heavy canvas; leather cap at one end. 

Each, S I .OO * $10.50 Doz. 




Spalding 

Special 

Club Bat Bag 

_Plj Heavy canvas with 



^r strong reinforcing 
straps running 
th wise and heavy leather ends. Holds 26 to 30 bats. 
8. Spalding Special Club Bat Bag. S I 2.00 




Spalding Uniform Bags 

Convenient roll for 

packing uniforms 

in a manner which 

will not wrinkle 

andsoilthem;with 

compartments for 

shoes, etc. 

No. 2. Bag leather; well made. Each, $6.00 

No. I . Best heavy canvas ; leather bound, double 

leather shawl strap and handle. ' ' Each, $3.00 

No. 6. Brown canvas roll; leather straps and 

handle Each, SI. 50 

No 5. Com- 
bined Uniform 
and Bat Bag. 
similar to regu- 
lar uniform bags, but 
furnished with extra 
compartment to carry 
onebai. Best canvas. 
Each, $4.00 

No. 4. Individual Uniform Bag. 

Best quality brown canvas; two 

leather handles; strap-and-buckle 

fastenings. Holds suit, shoes and 

other necessary articles, - S2.50 




Lettering on any of above bags extra. 
Prices on Application. 




^^. 



Spalding League Club Bat Bag 

For league clubs particularly; a special bag of extra heavy sole leather, 
riveted, reinforced leather ends; fastened with three heavy brass harness 
buckles, one with lock to secure while traveling. Extra heavy leather 
handle at each end for carrying; 14 inches in diameter; will hold three 
dozen full size bats. Just the thing for clubs with schedules requiring 
any amount of traveling. No. 7. Spalding League Club Bat Bag, $30.00 



Li L 



Spalding 
Pitchers' Box Plates 

No. 3. Made in accordance 
with National League regu- 
lations and of extra quality 
white rubber. Complete 
with pins Each, S 7.5 O 
No. 2. Composition material, 
pitchers' box plate. Complete 
with pins. '.• Each, $4.00 

Rubber Home Plates 

No. I . In accordance with 
National League regulations. 
Extra quality white rubber. 
Complete with pins , $ I O.OO 



r 



Spalding Base Ball Bases. 

Complete with straps and spikes 
No. O. League Club Bases, 
filled, extra quality canvas ; 
quilted. SetofS, S6.00 
No. I . Canvas Bases, filled, 
well made; not quilted. 

Set of 3, $5.00 
No. 2. Canvas; filled, ordi-" 
nary quality. Set of 3, S3. 5 O 
No. 4. Unfilled Canvas Bases, 
laced so that they may be 
filled with sand or other 
material. Complete with can- 
vas straps. Set of 3, S 1 .OO ,'**' 

Extra Straps and Spikes 

Straps f or Nos. and 1 Bases. Ea. , 5 O c . 

Straps for No, 2 Bases. . " 40c. 

Spikes for Nos. and 1 Bases. " I Oc . 

Spikes for No. 2 Bases. . " 6c. 




No. C. Composition material home plate, regulation 
size and shape. Complete with pins. Each, S5.0O 

Spalding Foul Flags Made of bunting, 18x2^ 
inches; any color; one letter stitched on each side. 
Complete with 7- foot spear-head staff. Ea., S 1 .50 
'--f •>■?? italics opposite items marked with ir will be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or 
'-'»wp Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with if 



MPT AHENTION GIVEN TO 
m COMMUNICATIONS 
ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &, BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



I FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



>rice> in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian 



price* tee special Canadian Catalogue. 



sSS^TliE SPALDING(Wi))TRADEMARK 



UUHr\HI1 1 LCO 

QUALITY 





HARRY. DAVIS 

Captain Philadelphia Athletic* 

World Champions, 1910 

Outfitted Complete by 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



Spalding Base BaU Uniiorms 

A i^ o u: P_ T?«/^.t-. Viixrci K<3(an 



For more than thirty years A. G. Spalding & Bros, have been 
making base ball clothing, and in that time have accumulated a 
S^rifr knowledge of the requirements of the base ball player, so 
th^t SnilSn^Uniforms possess an advantage that even the wearer 
Smsdfs unable to describe. He simply knows that, the uniform 
fi Thim correctly and as an athletic outfit should, givmg him per- 
ict f Sedom in all his movements and yet looking trim and neat; 
ind he knows also that the outfit is well made and of good material, 
because it wears like iron and hd can generally use it two seasons, 
qrialdine Base Ball Uniforms and Equipment are used universally 
brail ?he principal Professional and Amateur Base Ball Teams in 
Dy ail ine pr ^^v^^ ^.Q^ntry where Base Ball is played, 
romnlete set of sample cards showing swatches of vanous colors 
Snualities of material that we actually furnish in our Base Bali 
TTnlfn^r will be mailed on application to any team, together 
STthrelsuTement blank and full instructions for measuring 
players for uniforms. 



SPALDING "WORLD SERIES " ..UNIFORM 

No. O— Highest Grade Made 

f^ni^RS- Navy Stripe, Green Stripe, White, Blue Gray, ^^^J^T^^ 
A. G.SPALDI NG&BROS. | ^^^f^y, BUck, G^en, Maroon. Navy Bine, Bro^. and Cardtaa 

Lkmanshipandmaterialinthisuniformisof^e^^^ 
we supply in our No Uniform has become alniost as c^osey me j^ ^^^ ^^d is in our opimc 

Trade-Mark. It is of a special weave ™ade by only one mill, to k^^^^^ ^^^^ exclusive 

really the finest piece of 'catena ever produced for a h^tgraae ^^ .^^ ^^^ ^^^^^.j.^. 

by all league and professional ^'^^I^IZm^^^'^I^^^^^^^^ Complete, $15.00 dl 1 ? 5( 
Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. . Suit, sX>l ^-^^ 
Spalding "Worid Series"' Shirt, any sty e 
Spalding "Worid Series" Pants, any style 
Spalding "Worid Series" Cap, any style 
sSaldini Web Belt, No. 3-0, leather lined; or. Solid Leather 

Belt, No. 1400; Tan or Black. 
Spalding Stockings. No. 3-0. . , , , -kt. -Cvtr., Pharc 

^ NO. 30C ^ts^s:^T^:£^E^^^f^ ''''' 

SPALDING "I^EAGUE^* UNIFORM J-^J'T^ „„^ ^^ 

COJX>KS: White, Bine Gray, Brown G-^ty- ^.^^^'^^ P^t^T^'ew color. Army Olive. 

COXOKS and to satisfy a special «"'.«["" ..f^J.^^^t^o answer the demand for a hea' 

™s uniform is made of a -w first grade spe-, twiU m^enal^ t,o answer ^^.^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^_ 

weight uniform at a cheaper P^r^e^th^^^^ oiir^Na 0^ ^^^^ 

Spalding "League" InUom No. 1-T. Complete, ^l^-f^ 1 1 Q.O' 

Net price to clubs ordering for Enare Team . buit, v^ ■ v^. 
Spalding "League" Shirt, any style 
Spalding "League Pants, any style 

iSS ••S:'. fi S,^'.: or, sou. Lea. 

. therBelt. No. 800;TanorBlack 
^naldins- "League Stockings, iSo. IK. 



To the best dobs we are now sup- 
plying regularly, shirts with three- 
quarter sleeves, but we wUl tarnish 
without extra charge, either hall, 
lull or detachable sleeves. No extra 
charge tor lettering shirts with 
name ol club. Extra charge lor all 
lettering on caps. 



To the best clubs we are now sop- 
plying regularly, shirts with three- 
quarter sleeves, but we will lurnish 
without extra charge, cither hall, 
lull or detachable sleeves. No extra 
charge lor lettering shirts with 
name ol club. Extra charge lor all 
lettering on caps. 



PROMPT AnENTIOH GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADORESSEO TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS, 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF SI 
SEE INSIDE FRONT GOV 
OF THIS BOOK 



Price, in effect January 5. 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian price, .ee .pecial Canadian CaUlo^ 



a^THESRALDING 



QUALITY 



Wliy Spalding 
Uniforms are Best 

Because they are actually cut from measurements in the same man- 
ner as high class custom clothing, after making allowances neces- 
sary in an athletic outfit, and are not cut after block patterns 

simply to lessen manufacturing cost. 
Because we make them ourselves in our own well ventilated and 
sanitary factories, the goods never leaving our own establishment 
from the time it comes in from the mill in a piece until it goes out 
a finished garment ready for the Base Ball Player to put on. 

THE INIERSCHOLASTIC UiVIFORM No. 2 

COLORS: White, Blue Gray, Brown Gray, Dark Gray, Black, 
Green, Maroon, Navy Blue, Brown, and Cardinal 

Made of same grade of material as our higher priced uniforms, 

but of lighter weight. This is one of our most popular suits and 

will give the best of satisfaction. Can usually be worn two seasons. 

Inlerscholaslic Inilorm No. 2. . . . Complete, $9.00 
Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. . . Suit, 

Interscholastic Shirt, any style 

Interscholastic Pants, any style 

Interscholastic Cap, any style 

Interscholastic Web Belt, No. 47; or, Solid 
Leather Belt, No. 725; Tan, Orange or Black. 

Interscholastic Stockings, No. 2R 




FRANK CHANCE 

Manager of Chicago National 

League Team, winners of the 

National League Pennant. 

Outfitted Complete by 

A. G. SPALDING &. BROS. 



$7.50 



To Ihe best clubs we are now supplying regularly shirts 
with three-quarter sleeves, but we will furnish, without 
extra charge, either halt, full or detachable sleeves. No 
extra charge lor lettering shirts with name of club. 
Extra charge lor all lettering on caps. 




No. 2RC Striped Stockings in stock colors furnished at No Extra Charge if desired. 
Special Colors Extra, 25c. per pair. 

We have on hand a special flannel, Royal Purple, dyed particularly for teams con- 
nected with the Order of Elks. While we do not recommend that this be made up 
solid color in suits, still it makes a beautiful combination as trimming on white flannel, 
and we are making these uniforms now in that way in Nos. and 2 qualities only. 

THE MINOR LEAGUE UNIFORM No. M *^"'^*»Sfiyr'lrT^'S*raf,'SSd^^1te'^'* 

This uniform, which is now in our regular line, we put out originally supplied on special order 

to some of the more prominent of the Minor League teams. It is a good quality heavy weight 

uniform, very durable and well made. 

Minor League llnilorm No. M. . . . Complete, $9.00 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. . . Suit, 

Minor League Shirt, any style 
Minor League Pants, any style 
Minor League Cap, plain, any style 
Minor League Web Belt.No. 23; or,SolidLeathe 

Belt, No. 800; Tan or Black. 
Minor League Stockings No. IR. 

No, IRC Striped Stockings in stock colors furnished at No Extra Charge if desired 
Special Colors Extra, 26 c. per pair. 



$7.50 



To the best clubs we are now supplying regularly shirts 
with three-quarter sleeves, but we will furnish, without 
extra charge, cither half, full or detachable sleeves. No 
extra charge for lettering shirts with name of club. 
Extra charge lor all lettering on caps. 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



i FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 
OF THIS BOM 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogu 



suctte THESPALDINGIIBIITRADE-MARK 



QUALITY 




SPALDIXG 

Base Ball Uniforms 

Spalding Uniforms for Amateur and Semi-Professional 
Base Ball clubs are made in the same careful manner and 
under exactly the same perfect conditions as the outfits we 
supply to the professional League Teams ; in fact, the 
Amateur Team secures the benefit of the many special 
features that we develop from time to time through constant 
association with the principal league players, little items 
of construction that do not occur to the ordinary manu- 
facturer, but which make all the difference in the world 
when it comes to actually wearing the unifonns for ball 
playing, we incorporate in our Uniforms, without extra 
charge. The amateur clubs buying Spalding Uniforms get 
the style, fit and finish of the League outfits, but at prices 
well within their means. 

THE CITY LEAGUE UNIFORM No. P 

Good quality. In neat and attractive checks, plaids and 
stripes, also in plain White. Finished like our best quality. 



Colors: White with Bine Check, 
Brownish Blue Shadow Plaid, 
Grayish Brown with Bine Stripe, 
Bluish Gray, Ught Blue Plaid 
and Brown Stripe, and Plain White 



To (he best clubs we are now snpplying 
regularly shirts with three-quarter sleeves, 
but we will furnish, without extra charge, 
either half, lull or detachable sleeves. No 
extra charge for lettering shirts with name of 
club. Extra charge tor all lettering on caps. 



Colors: White, Blue Gray, Brown 

Gray, Dark Gray, Maroon, Navy, 

Green, and Black 



City Icagnclnaorm No. P. . Complete, $7.50 d?/:. fj A 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. Suit, J)\J»\J\J 

The City League Shirt, any style 

The City League Pants, any style 

The City League Cap, any style 

The City League Web Belt No. 23; or, Solid 
Leather Belt No. 800; Tan or Black. 

The City League Stockings, No. 3R. 

No. SRC Striped Stockings in stock colors furnished at No 
Extra Charge if desired. Special Colors Extra, 225c. per pair. 

THE CLUB SPECIAL UNIFORM No. 3 

Made of good quality flannel in a variety of very desirable patterns. Well finished and a most 

excellent outfit for amateur clubs. 
Club Spcciallnilorm No. 3. . Complete, $6.00 <b C CiCi 

Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Team. SuiL «P -' • V V/ 

-The Club Special Shirt, style A 

The Club Special Pants, any style 

The Club Special Cap, any style 

The Club Special Web Belt No. 23; or, Solid 
■ Leather Belt No. 754; Tan, Orange or Black. 

Club Special Stockings, No. 3R. 

No. 3RC Striped Stockings in stock colors furnished at No 
Extra Charge if desired. Special Colors Extra, 25c. per pair. 

THE AMATEUR SPECIAL UNIFORM No. 4 

Made of good quality cloth, and compares favorably with uniforms of other makers quoted at a 

much higher price. Very popular with the younger base ball players. 
Amateur Special Inilorm No. 4. . Complete, $5.00 d» /I fXCi colors: white. Light Gray, Bine 
Net price to clubs ordering for Entire Tea?n. Suit, ipT' . U W Gray, Dark Gray, niaroon, 

^ , " ' ^ Navy Blue, Green, and Black 

Amateur Special Shirt, style A 
Amateur Special Pants, padded 
Amateur Special Cap, any style 
Amateur Special Web Belt No. 4; or. Solid Lea- 
ther Belt No. 754; Tan or Orange. 

Amateur Special Stockings No. 4R. j 

No: 4RC Striped Stockings furnished, if desired, at No Extra Charge, but in stock colors only. 



To the best clubs we are now supplying 
regularly shirts with three-quarter sleeves, 
but we will furnish, without extra charge, 
either half, full or detachable sleeves. No 
extra charge for lettering shirts with name of 
club. Extra charge lor all lettering on caps. 



To the best clubs we are now supplying 
regularly shirts with three-quarter sleeves, 
but we will furnish, without extra charge, 
either half, full or detachable sleeves. No 
extra charge for Irllering shirts with name of 
club. Extra charge for all letlering on caps. 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO I 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADORESSED TO US 



A.G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORI 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



Price* in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to chiuige without notice. For Canadiein prices aee tpecial Canadian Catalogue. 



sSSte THE SPALDING 



TRADEMARK "^Klf 



<^^ 



njRi 



J^ 



Spalding 
Junior and Youtlis' Uniforms 

We make a specialty of our Junior and Youths' Uniforms 

to illustrate to the young player in a practical manner Njfc' 

just what we mean by our claims of superiority in uni- f- 

form manufacture. We use plenty of material in every 

article — nothing is skimped; tne sewing and finishing is ^f 

carefully done, and the uniforms not only look well, but ^ 

they feel comfortable when put on and they give good 

service even under the roughest kind of usage. 
THE SPALDING JUNIOR UNIFORM No. 5 

COLORS: Gray, Cardinal, Navy Blue, Blue Gray, Brown Mixed, 
and Wiiite 

This uniform is made expressly for clubs composed of boys and 

youths, and will stand the hardest kind of wear. 
Spalding Junior Uniform No. 5. . . Complete, $4.00 
Net price to clubs ordering 7iine or more uniforms. Suit. 

Spalding Junior Shirt, style A only 

Spalding Junior Pants, padded 

Spalding Junior Web Belt, No. 4. 

Spalding Junior Cap, any style 

Spalding Junior Stockings, No. 4R 
No. 4RC Striped Stockings furnished, if desired, at No 
Extra Charge, but in stock colors only. 

THE SPALDING YOUTHS' UNIFORM No. 6 

Spalding Youths' Iniiorm No. 6. . . . Complete, d» 1 A A 
Very well made of good quality Gray material. Cp I .V/Vy 

Spalding Youths' Shirt, style A, untrimmed, button 

front; with one felt letter only 
Spalding Youths' Pants, padded only. 
Spalding Youths' Cap, styles 21 and 15 
Spalding Youths' Web Belt, No. 5. 
Spalding Youths' Stockings, No. 4R. 
No. 4RC Striped Stockings furnished, if desired, at No Extra Charge, but in stock colors only. 
SPi:CIAL, NOTICE :-Wliere No. 6 Uniforms are ordered WITHOUT Stocl<ings we supply tite Sliirts 
with either Solid Blue or Red Collars, and witii Half Sleeves trimmed at bottom at same price as 
for regular equipment described above. 



$3.00 



CHRISTY MATHEWSON 
New York National League Team 

, , Outntted Complete by 

y\ A. G. SPALDING & BROS. /~^ 



To Ihc best clubs we are now 
supplying regularly shirls 
with three-quarter sleeves, 
but we will furnish without extra charge, 
either hall, full or detachable sleeves. No extra 
charge lor lettering shirts with name of club. 
Extra charge lor all lettering on caps. 



No larger sizes than 30-inch 
waist and 34-inch chest fur- 
nished in this uniform. Extra 
charge for all lettering on 
caps. One letter only fur- 
nished on shirts. 



How to Order Base Ball Uniforms 



) Idea ofcolor desired and we 



jdgtnent in getting 




Send us by- 



City- 
Quality of Uniform- 
Detachable Sleeves 



To Measure for Shirt. State size of collar. I^ength of sleeve from shoulder to wrist with 
IX arm raised and bent, see diagram (2 to 4). Around chest (5-5). Yoke 7 to 8. 

To Measure for Pants. Around waist (1-1). Out-seam from waist-band to 8 inches below 

knee (2 to 4). In-seam from crotch to 8 inches below knee (5 to 6). Around hips (7-7). 

To Measure for Sack Coat. Length (1 to 2), length desired. Chest (7 to 7) under arms, 

around chest. Sleeves, from center of back (3) to shoulder (4) and to wrist (5) with the 

arm raised and bent, as shown in diagram. 

Express, C. 0. D., to , (Enclose 25 Per Cent. 




-County^ 



-State- 



.Color.. 



.Style of Shirt, Lace or Button. 



JPAfiTS— Elastic or Tape Bottoms- 



Wanted for Game, Date 

Shirt— Stafc whether Full Length, Elbow or 

.Padding or not __^_S(i/te of 













Color . 


Color of Stockings 












SHIRTS 


PANTS 


i,?. 


-" 


- 


»-■ 




NAMES 


CO.." 1 ^^v 1 'IT 1 r^i 


X°f^? 


\'>T^\"i-\'!^ 


REMARKS 



separatclj as Indicated by nnmbenj[lvcn and shown In dlagran 



paper and enter and measure each 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

ADDRESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING & BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOH 



I in effect January 5, 19H. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices »ee special Canadian Catalogue. 



sKuTE THE SPALDING 



SPALDING'S NEW ATHLETIC GOODS CATALOGUE 

THE following selection of items from Spalding's latest Catalogue will 
give an idea of the great variety of ATHLETIC GOODS manufac- 
tured by A. G. SPALDING & BROS. SEND FOR A FREE 
COPY. (See list of Spalding Stores on inside front cover of this book.) 



Attachm'ts. ChestWelght 110 



B.ithlngSult . 


• f. 




. 94 


Cricket . . . 




Striking . . 


120121 






Bnn"/°™ • • 




^"i'lse . . . 


. 5-9 










Field Hockey . 


. 84 


























Medicine . . 






. 7G 






















I'.nDdngi'S, Elastic 






. 109 


I'.nr Stalls . . . 


. 113 










I'.lrnllel . . . 


















. C4-(i,-. 














l.i.ln.>r . . . 





Uilts— 

l/vithcrond Worsted 
BlniUlpis — 

Ilnsk.l Hall . . . 
I Foot Hall ... 1 

Striking Dag . 
Blades, I'Vncing . 



Vnlversltv . . 
Water I'olo 
renter Forks. Iron 



Circle, ,Spvcn-F 
Clock Golf 
Coats. Base Ba 
Collars. Swlmn 
Corks, Runnlnj 
Covers. Racket 
Cricket Goods 
Croqnet Goods 
Cross Bars 



Discus, .Olympic 



KmMems . , . 

Kmbroldery . . 

Kquestrlan Polo , 
Exerciser, Home 



Felt Letters . . 
Fencing Sticks . 
Field Hockey 
Fineer Protection 
Flags — 

College . . . 



Golf . . . 

Handball . 

Hockey, Ice 

Glove Soitener 



Hockey, Ice 
Goal Cage, I'olo 
Golf Clubs 
Golf Counters 
Golfctie . . 



Ilamraers, Atbletic . 70 
Handle Cover. Rubber . 5.^ 
ICangf rs for ladiaa CItlba 109 
Hats. Iniverslly . . 3T 



KoleRlm. Golf . 



Jackets- 
Fencing 

Foot Uall . . . 

Javelins . . . . 

Jerseys ... 4 

Knee rmleetors . . 

Knlekers, Foot Ball 

Lace. Foot Ball . . 

Lacrosse . . . . 
.Sprints , 



I Bowls 



Base Ball 
Cricket . 
Foot Ball 



Mil rkers. Tennis 

.Masks- 
Base aall . 
Fencing 



Mattresses 

Megaphones 

Mitts— 

.Base Ball 

Handball 



Needle, Laclnz • • 

Nets- 
Cricket .... 
Golf Driving . . 

Volley Ball ' ! ! 
Numbers, Competitors* 
Pads— 

Cbamols, Fencing 



:Ball 



Slidii 



Base Ball . . 
Basket Ball 



Base Ball Shoe 



Polo, Roller, Goods , 
posts — 

Backstop. Tennis 



Indoor Base Ball 

Thumb . . . 
Proleclion. Run'ng Shoes 
Pucks, Hocke.v Ice 
Pulleys sod .\ile. Tennis 
rush Ball . . . 
Pushers, Cbamols 
Puttees, Golf . . 



Rackets. Lawn Tennis 
Racket Presses . . 
Itackeis Restrung 



Swinging* : ; ! 

Rowing Machines . 

Sacks, for Sack Raclnj 
Sandow Dnmb Bells 

Base Ball . . . 
Basket Ball . . 



Base Ball 
Foot Ball 
Shoes — 



Walking 
Shot- 
Athletic 
Indoor . 
Massage 



Snivels, .Striking B 
Swoids, Fencing 
Sn-ords, Duelling 
Tackling .Machine 
Take-Oir Board . 
Tape- 
Adhesive . . 
Cricket. Measuring 
Marking. Tennis . 
Measuring Steel 



Full, Wrestling 
^ Knee ^ . . . . 
Tcboggaifs . . 
Toboggan Cushions 
roe Boards . . 
roqncs .... 
Trapeze, .-Vdjustahle 
Trapeze, Single . 
Tiousers. V.M.C.A. 

Batblng . . 

Worsted ' . ', 
opire Indicator 

Cnitorms, Base Ball 
for Gut . 

Wands. Callsthenic 

Watches, Stop 

Water Wings 

Weights. 56-lb. . 

..... .. _ Referees' 

Spalding Exercisers 

**'■'"-' ling Equi"'""" 
Machine 



88. 72 
. 97 
58. 77 



;lling Equipment . 66 



PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO 

ANY COMMUNICATIONS 

iJDDBESSED TO US 



A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. 

STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES 



FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES 

SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 

OF THIS BOOK 



I in effect January 5, 1911. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadieui Catalogue. 



standard Policy 

A Standard QuaKty must be Inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. 

Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a manufacturer to long 
maintain a Standard Quality. 

To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as 
well as the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to 
set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. 

To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the 
jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been 
served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his 
order from the retailer. 

However, these deceptive high list prices are nortair to the consumer, who does not. and, in 
reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. 

When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list 
prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he 
can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. 

Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are 
assured; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition 
amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of 
the retailer are practically eliminated. 

This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. >The jobber insists on lower, and still 
lower, prices. The manufacturer, in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the 
only way open to him, viz. : the cheapening and degrading of the quality of his product. 

The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that, 12 years ago, in 1899, A. G. Spalding 
& Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what 
has since become known as "The Spalding Policy." 

The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, 
and the retail dealer secures his supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer 
under a restricted retail price arrangement by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and 
certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is 
protected from imposition. 

The "Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, 
and acts in two ways: 

First— The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Athletic Goods, and 

the same fixed prices to everybody. 
Second— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at 
the proper time, the very best raw materials required in the manufacture 
of our various goods, well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables 
us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding 
Standard of Quality. 
All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic' Goods are required to supply consumers at our 
regular printed catalogue prices—neither more nor less— the same prices that similar goods are sold 
for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. 

All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and no 
special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. 

Positively, nobody; not even officers, managers, salesmen or other employes of A. G. Spalding 
& Bros., or any of their relatives or personal friends, can buy Spalding Athletic Goods at a discount 
from the regular catalogue prices. 

This, briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful operation for the 
past 1 2 years, and will be indefinitely continued. 

In other words, " The Spalding Policy " is a "square deal " for everybody. 

A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

By 



Ml S^ 



standard Qiiality 

An article that is universally given the appellation "Standard** is thereby 
conceded to be the Criterion, to which are compared all other things of a similar nature. 
For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit of currency, 
because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold, and the fact of its 
being Genuine is guaranteed by the Government Stamp thereon. As a protection to 
the users of this currency against counterfeiting and other tricks, considerable money 
is expended in maintaining a Secret Service Bureau of Experts. Under the law, citizen 
manufacturers must depend to a great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices 
to protect themselves against counterfeit products— without the aid of "Government 
Detectives " or " Public Opinion " to assist thenL 

Consequently the "Consumer's Protection " against misrepresentation and "in- 
ferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and responsibility of the ' 'Manufacturer.'* 

A. G. Spalding & Bros, have, by theu: rigorous attention to "Quality," for thirty- 
three years, caused their Trade-Mark to become known throughout the world as a 
Guarantee of Quality as dependable in their field as the U. S. Currency is in its field. 

The necessity of upholding the guarantee of the Spalding Trade-Mark and main- 
taining the Standard Quality of their Athletic Goods, is, therefore, as obvious as is the 
necessity of the Government in maintaining a Standard Currency. 

Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other con- 
sumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade-Mark and all 
that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic Goods to assist us in 
maintaining the Spalding Standard of Excellence, by insisting that our Trade-Mark be 
plainly stamped on all athletic goods which they buy, because without this precaution 
our best efforts towards maintaining Standard Quality and preventing fraudulent 
substitution will be ineffectual. 

Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being 
high-priced, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of "inferior 
goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration. 

A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold and a 
guarantee to protect, must necessarily have higher prices than a manufacturer of cheap 
goods, whose idea of and basis for a claim for Standard Quality depends principally 
upon the eloquence of the salesman. 

We know from experience that there is no quicksand more unstable than poverty 
in quality— and we avoid this quicksand by Standsu^ Quality. 



Cx^^^^:.^^^/b<^^;^ 



PALDING 



aAtHLBTIC^LlBRARY K 



A separate book covers every Athletic Spor 
and is Official and Standard 
Price 10 cents each 



GRAND PRI 




ST. LOUIS, 1904 



SPALDING 



PARIS, 190 



ATHLETIC GOODS 

ARE THE STANDARD OF T HE WORL : 



A. G. Spalding ® Bros. 

MAINTAIN WHOLESALE and RETAIL STORES in the FOLLOWING CITIEJ 
NEW YORK CHICAGO ST. LOUIS 

BOSTON MILWAUKEE KANSAS CITY 

PHILADELPHIA DETROIT SAN FRANCISCO 

NEWARK CINCINNATI LOS ANGELES . 

BUFFALO CLEVELAND SEATTLE I 

SYRACUSE COLUMBUS MINNEAPOLIl 

BALTIMORE INDIANAPOLIS ST. PAUL 

WASHINGTON PITTSBURG DENVER! 



LONDON, ENGLAND 
BIRMINGHAM. ENGLAND 
MANCHESTER, ENGLAND 
EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND 
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA 



ATLANTA DALLAi 

LOUISVILLE 

NEW ORLEANS 
MONTREAI^, CANAD. 
TORONTO, CANADA 



mcd and operated 1 
"ked Athletic Good. 



NEW YORK 
BROOKLYN 



CHICAGO 
BOSTON 



A.C.Spaldinj; & B 



SAN FRANCISCO 
PHIIiADELPHIA 



and yfher 
in the foil 



dlofSpa] 
^ing cit 



CHICOPEE, MASS 
LONDON* EN6. 



\ 












»«^'\. 



"•'i^.^* 



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WERT 
BOOK»N0»NC 

Cranfville. P* 
S«p( — Oct 









I Sepl -Oct. 1987 ■ V'■»^ .^S^T^O ^ "^ '■'>'^-^!iS> 

•'■ ^0* .'VL'* *> V^ 1.'*°- <^ Jf . 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




005 900 887 



